Shadowing Practice: Cache Systems Every Developer Should Know - Learn English Speaking with Video
Creating lesson...
1
Caching is a common technique in modern computing to enhance system performance and reduce response time.
2
From the front end to the back end, caching plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency of various applications and systems.
3
A typical system architecture involves several layers of caching.
4
At each layer, there are multiple strategies and mechanisms for caching data, depending on the requirements and the constraints of the specific application.
5
Before diving into a typical system architecture, let's zoom in and look at how prevalent caching is within each computer itself.
6
Let's first look at the computer hardware.
7
The most common hardware caches are L1, L2, and L3 caches.
8
L1 cache is the smallest and fastest cache, typically integrated into the CPU itself.
9
It stores frequently accessed data and instructions, allowing the CPU to quickly access them without having to fetch them from slower memory.
10
L2 cache is larger but slower than L1 cache, and is typically located on the CPU die.
11
L3 cache is even larger and slower than L2 cache, and is often shared between multiple CPU cores.
12
Another common hardware cache is the Translation Look -Aside Buffer, or TLB.
13
It stores recently used virtual to physical address translations.
14
It is used by the CPU to quickly translate virtual memory addresses to physical memory addresses, reducing the time needed to access data from memory.
15
At the operating system level, there are PageCache and other file system caches.
16
PageCache is managed by the operating system and resides in main memory.
17
It is used to store recently used disk blocks in memory.
18
When a program requests data from the disk, the operating system can quickly retrieve the data from memory instead of reading it from disk.
19
There are other caches managed by the operating system such as the iNode cache.
20
These caches are used to speed up file system operations by
21
reducing the number of disk accesses required to access files and directories.
22
Now let's zoom out and look at how caching is used in a typical application system architecture.
23
On the application front end, web browsers can cache HTTP responses to enable faster retrieval of data.
24
When we request data over HTTP for the first time and it is returned with an expiration policy in the HTTP header.
25
We request the same data again, and the browser returns the data from its cache if available.
26
Content delivery network, or CDNs, are widely used to improve the delivery of static content,
27
such as images, videos, and other web access.
28
One of the ways that CDNs speed up content delivery is through caching.
29
When a user requests contents from a CDN, the CDN network looks for the requested content in its cache.
30
If the content is not already in the cache, the CDN fetches it from the origin server and caches it on its edge servers.
31
When another user requests the same content, the CDN can deliver the content directly from its cache,
32
eliminating the need to fetch it from the origin server again.
33
Some load balancers can cache resources to reduce the load on back -end servers.
34
When a user requests content from a server behind a load balancer,
35
the load balancer can cache the response and serve it directly to future users who request the same content.
36
This can improve response times and reduce the load on back -end servers.
37
Caching does not always have to be in memory.
38
In messaging infrastructure, message brokers such as Kafka can cache a massive amount of messages on disk.
39
This allows consumers to retrieve the messages at their own pace.
40
The messages can be cached for a long period of time based on the retention policy.
41
Distributed caches such as Redis can store key value pairs in memory, providing high read -write performance compared to traditional databases.
42
Full text search engines, such as Elasticsearch, can index data for document search and log search,
43
providing quick and efficient access to specific data.
44
Even within the database, there are multiple levels of caching available.
45
Data is typically written to a write -ahead log before being indexed in a B -tree.
46
The buffer pool is a memory area used to cache query results, while materialized views can pre -compute query results for faster performance.
47
The transaction log records all transactions and updates to the database, while the replication log tracks the replication state in a database cluster.
48
Overall, caching data is an essential technique for optimizing system performance and reducing response time.
49
From the front end to the back end, there are many layers of caching to improve the efficiency of various applications and systems.
50
If you like our videos, you might like our system design newsletter as well.
51
It covers topics and trends in large -scale system design.
52
Trusted by 300 ,000 readers.
53
Subscribe at blog .bitebygo .com
📺 Same Channel
C11
The Secret Sauce Behind NoSQL: LSM Tree
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Proxy vs Reverse Proxy (Real-world Examples)
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
System Design Was HARD - Until You Knew the Trade-Offs
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
8 Most Important System Design Concepts You Should Know
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Everything You Need to Know About DNS: Crash Course System Design #4
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
CAP Theorem Simplified
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
What Is REST API? Examples And How To Use It: Crash Course System Design #3
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
System Design: Why is Kafka Popular?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
What is API Gateway?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
What Are Microservices Really All About? (And When Not To Use It)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
System Design: Why is Kafka fast?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
10+ Key Memory & Storage Systems: Crash Course System Design #5
University StudentsWorking Adults
C24
What Is Redis Really About? Why Is It So Popular?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C148
Kubernetes Explained in 6 Minutes | k8s Architecture
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
How Does a URL Shortener Work?
Business EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students
B2How Git Works: Explained in 4 Minutes
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
✨ Recommend Video
C12
283 sentences
Why Memory Prices Are Crazy High
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C132 sentences
Linus Torvalds Explains What Makes Linux So Fast
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
126 sentences
Therapy for the Vibe-Coded Brain
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
375 sentences
Configure storage accounts | AZ-104 | Episode 16
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
65 sentences
How do microSD Cards Store 2 TB in such a TINY space?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
336 sentences
Best NextJS Folder Structures | Beginner - Intermediate - Advanced
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
114 sentences
Design a File Upload Service Like a Senior Engineer
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
128 sentences
Demystifying MCP | Architect Insights
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
27 sentences
You are wasting memory
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
87 sentences
Data Engineering - Practice English Conversation
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This speaking lesson is built on the video “Cache Systems Every Developer Should Know”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: cache, caching, memory, content, request. This video has 53 sentences and 802 words to shadow. The speech runs for 5:37. The speaker talks at a steady 143 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. Only 75% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is demanding.
Key vocabulary in this video
15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| cache noun | /kæʃ/ | Such a store of physical supplies, placed by humans or other animals for practical reasons. |
| server noun | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | A program that provides services to other programs or devices, either in the same computer or over a computer network. |
| disk noun | /dɪsk/ | A thin, flat, circular plate or similar object. |
| database noun | /ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/ | A collection of (usually) organized information in a regular structure, usually but not necessarily in a machine-readable format accessible by a computer. |
| architecture noun | /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/ | The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated. |
| layer noun | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | A single thickness of some material covering a surface. |
| hardware noun | /ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/ | Fixtures, equipment, fasteners, tools, and devices used for general-purpose construction and repair of a structure or object. Also such equipment as sold as… |
| fetch verb | /fɛt͡ʃ/ | To retrieve; to bear towards; to go and get. |
| technique noun | /tɛkˈniːk/ | The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements. |
| efficiency noun | /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/ | The extent to which a resource is used for the intended purpose. |
| virtual adjective | /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/ | In effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality; also, imitated, simulated. |
| transaction noun | /tɹænˈzækʃən/ | The act of conducting or carrying out (business, negotiations, plans). |
| browser noun | /ˈbɹaʊ.zəɹ/ | One who or which browses. |
| zoom verb | /zuːm/ | To move fast with a humming noise. |
| buffer noun | /ˈbʌfəɹ/ | A solution used to stabilize the pH (acidity) of a liquid, such as by resisting a change in pH when an acid or alkali is added. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| speed up verb | /spiːdˈʌp/ | To accelerate; to increase speed. |
| zoom out verb | /ˌzuːm ˈaʊt/ | To decrease the focal length of a zoom lens in order to obtain a reduced magnification of the image, or a wider-angle view. |
Grammar in this video
The structures the speaker uses most, with the exact words from the video:
| Structure | In the video |
|---|---|
| “Used to” used to + verb — a past habit or state that is no longer true | used to improve · used to cache |
| Passive voice be + past participle — the focus is on what happens, not who does it | is often shared · is managed · is returned |
Pronunciation to watch
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: cache /kæʃ/, efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/, transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, translation /tɹænzˈleɪʃən/
- Long words — get the stress right: architecture /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/, efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/, infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/, mechanism /ˈmɛk.ə.nɪ.zəm/, eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like cache, server, disk.
What is the Shadowing Technique?
Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.