Shadowing Practice: SPEECH MASTERY | MARCO RUBIO: Decline Is a Choice! (English Subtitles) - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This speaking lesson is built on the video “SPEECH MASTERY”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: Europe, nation, alliance. This video has 180 sentences and 2438 words to shadow. The speech runs for 16:58. The speaker talks at a steady 144 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. Only 81% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is demanding.
Key vocabulary in this video
15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| alliance noun | /əˈlaɪ.əns/ | The state of being allied. |
| civilization noun | /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ | An organized culture encompassing many communities, often on the scale of a nation or a people; a stage or system of social, political, or technical… |
| defend verb | /dɪˈfɪnd/ | To ward off attacks against (something or someone). |
| ally noun | /ˈæl.aɪ/ | A person who co-operates with or helps another; an associate; a friend. |
| applause noun | /əˈplɔːz/ | The act of applauding; approbation and praise publicly expressed by the clapping of hands, stamping or tapping of the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or other… |
| heritage noun | /ˈhɛɹ.ɪ.tɪd͡ʒ/ | An inheritance; property that may be inherited. |
| destiny noun | /ˈdɛs.tɪ.ni/ | That to which any person or thing is destined; a predetermined state; a condition predestined by the Divine or by human will. |
| rebuild verb | /ɹiːˈbɪld/ | To build again or anew. |
| ignore verb | /ɪɡˈnɔː/ | To deliberately not listen or pay attention to. |
| solve verb | /sɒlv/ | To find an answer or solution to a problem or question; to work out. |
| fundamental adjective | /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/ | Related to a foundation, base, or basis; serving as a foundation. |
| continent noun | /ˈkɑntɪnənt/ | One of the main contiguous landmasses, separated by water or geological features, on the surface of a planet, sometimes including its continental shelves and… |
| foolish adjective | /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/ | Lacking good sense or judgement as a general trait; unwise; stupid. |
| sovereignty noun | /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹənti/ | Of a ruler (especially a monarch): supreme authority or dominion over something. |
| communism noun | /ˈkɒmjᵿnɪz(ə)m/ | Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| come off verb | To become detached. |
| go up verb | To move upwards. |
| run through verb | To summarise briefly. |
| take back verb | To retract or withdraw (an earlier statement). |
Grammar in this video
The structures the speaker uses most, with the exact words from the video:
| Structure | In the video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — a past action that still matters now | has cost · have invested · have not hesitated |
| Passive voice be + past participle — the focus is on what happens, not who does it | was divided · were driven · were unified |
| Relative clauses who / which + clause — extra information about a person or thing | men who settled · crisis which is · those who blatantly |
Pronunciation to watch
- The “th” sounds: gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, foolish /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/, destruction /dɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/, cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, migration /maɪˈɡɹeɪʃ(ə)n/
- Long words — get the stress right: civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, sovereignty /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹənti/, cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, inevitable /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbəl/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like alliance, civilization, defend.
What is the Shadowing Technique?
Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.












