Prática de Shadowing: Chimpanzee Behaviours Đề thi IELTS LISTENING actual test (thi ngày 3/1/2023) - Aprenda a falar inglês com o YouTube

B2
Section 4 You will hear a talk on the research of the behaviour of chimpanzees.
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Section 4 You will hear a talk on the research of the behaviour of chimpanzees.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Welcome back to my series of short lectures on apes.
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Today we will examine recent and historical breakthroughs on the behaviour of chimpanzees,
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otherwise known as chimps.
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The word chimpanzee is an umbrella term for two different species of apes in the genus Pan which are the common chimpanzee,
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or pantroglodytes, found in western-central Africa,
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and the bonobo, or panpaniscus,
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which are found in the forests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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Chimpanzees belong to the hominidai family,
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together with gorillas, orangutans, and indeed humans.
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Current research tells us that the chimps broke away from the human branch of the hominidai family,
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approximately six million years ago and remain the closest living relative to humans to this day.
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More modern researchers into chimpanzees have centred on their behavioural characteristics once all biological and genetic factors have been ruled out.
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In this way, scientists have unearthed an unfathomable amount of similarities between human and chimpanzee behaviour.
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Although much of this research has taken place through observation of captive chimps,
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the results are widely seen as an authoritative reflection of chimps living in the wild.
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Chimps live in large so-called communities,
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comprised of many male and female members,
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with the social hierarchy determined by an individual chimp's position and influence.
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Through such research, scientists have found that chimps learn and adapt through observation of others' behaviour.
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Once in power, the alpha male is often seen to alter its body language in order to retain power.
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For example, he might puff himself up in order to intimidate others,
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while lower-ranking chimps are noted to behave more submissively and holding out their hands while grunting.
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Female chimpanzees also have a distinct social hierarchy,
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with high social standing inherited by children.
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It is not unheard of for dominant females within a community to unite and overthrow the alpha male,
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backing another in his place.
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James Diamond, in his book The Third Chimpanzee,
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suggests that chimps should now be reclassified in the genus Homo instead of Pan,
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and there are many arguments still in favour of this.
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Male common chimpanzees are on average 1.7 metres in height,
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weighing 70 kilograms, with their female counterparts being somewhat smaller.
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By comparison, the bonobo is slightly shorter and lighter,
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but with longer arms and legs.
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However, both species walk on all fours and climb trees with great ease.
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Jane Goodall made a groundbreaking discovery in 1960 when she observed the use of tools among chimpanzees,
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including digging for termites with large sticks.
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A recent study claimed to reveal that common chimpanzees in Senegal have been using spears sharpened with their teeth to hunt.
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However, these reports remain unsubstantiated.
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Researchers have witnessed such tools,
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namely rocks, being used by chimps to open coconut shells and indeed crushing nuts with stone hammers.
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As scientific technology has developed,
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so too has our knowledge of the sheer extent of the chimps' intelligence.
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Research has now shown that chimps have the capability to learn and use symbols and understand aspects of the human language,
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including syntax as well as numerical sequences.
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As I mentioned earlier, the umbrella term chimpanzee is comprised of the common chimpanzee and the bonobo.
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These two subspecies are divided along the Congo River,
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with the common chimps living on one side,
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and the bonobos living on the opposite side of the river.
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Over the past few decades,
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both of these subspecies have witnessed an alarming decrease in population density,
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with animal activists now working harder than ever to protect those remaining and encourage procreation. In addition,
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next week's episode will focus more closely on how chimpanzees in
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captivity are able to learn things through imitating the behaviour of humans,
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as well as how chimpanzees' behaviours have developed over many generations.
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Thank you very much for attending this evening's lecture.
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I hope you found it intellectually stimulating,
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and I look forward to seeing you again next week.
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Good night.
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That is the end of section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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That is the end of the listening test.
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In the IELTS test, you will now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.

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Por que praticar a fala com este vídeo?

Assistir a vídeos sobre comportamentos de chimpanzés, como o apresentado, oferece uma oportunidade valiosa para praticar a fala em inglês. Através da técnica de shadowing em inglês, você pode imitar a pronúncia, ritmo e entonação do palestrante. Isso não apenas melhora a sua habilidade de falar, mas também ajuda a compreender melhor o conteúdo. A fala clara e articulada do palestrante permite que os ouvintes absorvam informações complexas, o que torna mais fácil para quem está aprendendo inglês seguir o raciocínio. Além disso, o contexto da pesquisa científica fornece um vocabulário rico e diversificado, essencial para expandir suas capacidades linguísticas e seu conhecimento sobre o mundo.

Gramática & Expressões em Contexto

No vídeo, algumas expressões e estruturas gramaticais se destacam, que são muito úteis para quem está aprendendo:

  • "The word chimpanzee is an umbrella term..." - Esta estrutura mostra como utilizar definições e simplificações em inglês, especialmente quando se introduz um tema.
  • "Chimpanzees belong to the hominidae family..." - O uso do presente simples aqui exemplifica como afirmar fatos científicos de maneira clara e direta.
  • "Once in power, the alpha male is often seen to alter its body language..." - Esta expressão introduz o uso de passivo, que é importante para descrever ações de forma objetiva, sem focar em quem as realiza.

Esses exemplos ilustram como é possível formular frases que não apenas informam, mas também introduzem um estilo mais acadêmico no discurso.

Armadilhas de Pronúncia Comuns

Ao praticar shadow speech com o vídeo, alguns sons podem ser desafiadores:

  • "chimpanzee" - A pronúncia da letra "ch" e a sequência de sílabas podem ser complicadas. Pratique dizendo devagar e depois em velocidade normal.
  • "hominidae" - Essa palavra longa pode ser difícil. Foque nas partes "hom" e "idae" separadamente antes de juntá-las.
  • "observations" - Preste atenção na redução da sílaba em "observ" e a sonoridade do final "ations".

Utilizar a técnica de melhorar a pronúncia em inglês é crucial e, repetindo as frases deste vídeo, você pode aperfeiçoar sua dicção e aumentar sua confiança ao falar.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

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