Prática de Shadowing: IKIGAI | A Japanese Philosophy for Finding Purpose - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
Criando lição...
1
Have you ever asked yourself this question: what is my purpose?
2
With so many opportunities that life has to offer, and all these different jobs and careers, it’s quite difficult to decide what we want to do with our lives.
3
Society demands us to make decisions at a very young age, about what path we’re going to take.
4
Most of the time, children have no clue about what life’s like in adulthood, and what they want to do when they’re grown-up.
5
In fact, many adults don’t even have a clue.
6
Now, the Japanese invented a philosophy named Ikigai, which stands for ‘reason for being’, Ikigai can help us to determine what it is, that we want to wake up for in the morning.
7
You know, that very thing that we can pour our heart and soul into.
8
When we’re totally immersed in our activities, so much so that nothing else matters, we’re in a state of flow.
9
Ikigai helps us to identify the necessary ingredients to get into this flow state and make our pursuit sustainable, and useful for the world.
10
Many people work in these jobs they hate.
11
When we do this, the misery that we associate with these activities often creeps up on us on Sunday evenings, when we start to think about this dreadful Monday morning, on which we have to drag ourselves out of bed, knowing that we’ll spend the next week in hell.
12
When we arrive, we still experience this nostalgia for the weekend, and as soon as we begin with our tasks, we count down to the first break and then the next and then the next, until we can finally go home again, and repeat the process.
13
Now, this isn’t a very enjoyable way to live.
14
Think about it.
15
Doing something we hate, is a disservice to ourselves, and also to our surroundings.
16
Especially when we see other colleagues that actually enjoy what they’re doing.
17
And on top that, they’re doing a great job.
18
Again, many people get miserable because of their jobs, which in turn can lead to serious health problems, like depression.
19
Some even go as far as killing themselves, because they cannot cope with the feelings of uselessness, hopelessness and this nagging idea that they’re failures in life.
20
But we have a certain degree of control over our circumstances.
21
We can try to change our position towards the situation, and make our current job more enjoyable.
22
Or we can reassess our own nature and the nature of our surroundings and likely come to the conclusion that it’s better to find something different to do.
23
Thus, the change we need to make is twofold: on the one hand we need to change our mindset.
24
On the other hand, we need to change our circumstances.
25
Because when we do the right things with the right mindset, we’re able to enter a state of flow.
26
Ikigai helps to identify what’s the right thing to do for a certain individual, so this person is able to get out of bed in the morning with a sense of purpose and, therefore, is able to work with almost no effort.
27
Now, Ikigai consists of four dimensions.
28
Firstly, we need to pick something that we’re good at.
29
Secondly, it must be a thing that we love to do.
30
Thirdly, the world should need it.
31
And lastly, we have to get paid.
32
Let’s talk about each dimension separately.
33
(1) Doing what we’re good at.
34
Everyone has a different skill set.
35
Some things are based on nurture, and some things are based on nature.
36
For a great part, we can learn skills.
37
But we also have inborn characteristics that make different people suitable for different things.
38
For example, we see differences in IQ, motor skills, empathy, physical strength, et cetera.
39
Oftentimes, people focus on improving the things they’re bad at.
40
They spend their whole lives repairing themselves while rejecting the things they’re naturally good at.
41
So, we might want to focus on the latter, and improve those skills so we become masters at it.
42
Because why put so much energy into becoming mediocre at best when we have the opportunity to become great?
43
Not to mention how the world benefits from us manifesting our true potential.
44
However, according to the Ikigai philosophy, this should be something that the world needs, which I’ll address in a minute.
45
(2) Doing what we love to do.
46
This is very obvious, but it’s also a tricky one.
47
While a level of skill can be measured, this dimension is kind of subjective and a bit complicated.
48
For example, you might love to be a fulltime YouTube content creator.
49
But there might be some aspects of the process that you don’t like at all.
50
You might love editing videos, writing scripts, but hate filming.
51
In this case, filming becomes a bottleneck.
52
Now, we can try to make filming more enjoyable.
53
Perhaps, we can change our workflow or go to different locations, so we can still be immersed in this task and experience a flow-state.
54
Mindset is key, here.
55
And with the right focus, we’re able to effortlessly do the tasks that are necessary but that we don’t like that much.
56
Of course, outsourcing is an option as well.
57
But when our activities as a whole make us dreadful, and we don’t see any way to develop a certain enjoyment while doing them, it might be a better idea to find something else to do.
58
Perhaps we’re just not interested in this field, or our skills are lacking which frustrates us.
59
At the end of the day, there’s no accounting for taste.
60
So, it’s probably much easier to just listen to our guts, and let intuition decide where to go.
61
(3) Doing what the world needs.
62
It’s all great when we’ve determined what we’re good at and what we love to do.
63
But that isn’t enough to call it Ikigai.
64
Because our activities should, in one way or another, benefit the world.
65
If they don’t, it’s simply a passion.
66
Luckily, the needs of the world come in many different flavors.
67
Jobs that are looked down upon by some people are often highly important.
68
Someone has the pick up the trash, someone has to fix our sink, and we wouldn’t be able to thrive as a society without people cleaning up the mess.
69
If we find enjoyment in these kind of jobs, that’s absolutely terrific.
70
To discover what the world needs, we can simply do some market research, to find out the current demands.
71
Or can we look at the world from a wider perspective, asking ourselves how we, with our skill sets, can make it a better place?
72
(4) Doing what generates money.
73
Some argue that money isn’t important, or shouldn’t be a factor.
74
But when we look at reality, we see that money makes the world go round.
75
And without money, we can’t pay the bills.
76
So, to make our efforts sustainable, and truly a ‘reason for being’, they must generate income.
77
If not, our activities become more of a hobby.
78
There’s nothing wrong with a hobby of course.
79
However, this also means that we need a job we might not like to pay the bills, and, therefore, sacrifice the majority of our time and energy for something we’re not passionate about, and don’t see as our life’s mission.
80
So, we could see money as a form of energy, that fuels us in our pursuits.
81
Now we’ve addressed the four dimensions of Ikigai, it’s essential to explore how these dimensions relate to each other, and how a combination of them form an Ikigai.
82
When we do what we love, and what we’re good at, we have a passion.
83
But this passion isn’t sufficient to be an Ikigai.
84
Because it could very well be something that the world doesn’t need, or is even destructive to our environment.
85
Also, it may not generate money or even cost us money.
86
Yet, being passionate about something is part of an Ikigai.
87
Doing what we love, and what the world needs, we call a mission.
88
But a mission alone isn’t an Ikigai.
89
Because we might not be good at it, and not earning a dime doing it.
90
Yet, seeing our activities as a mission is an ingredient for a reason for being.
91
When we do something that the world needs, and what we get paid for, we’ve found a vocation.
92
But does that mean that we like what we do and that we’re good at it?
93
Not necessarily.
94
And that’s why a vocation may be something that the world demands, and that we do out of a sense of duty, but we may absolutely hate doing it.
95
So, a vocation alone isn’t an Ikigai.
96
Lastly, doing what we’re good at and what we’re paid for, is called a profession.
97
Does that mean that the world needs it and that we love what we do?
98
Again, not necessarily.
99
Some people hate their profession.
100
And some professions are even destructive to the world.
101
So, a profession alone isn’t an Ikigai.
102
What makes an Ikigai, is the combination of all four dimensions.
103
This means that a ‘reason for being’ includes a passion, a mission, a vocation, and a profession.
104
These are all the ingredients that facilitate us to engage in a worthwhile pursuit that we love to get up for in the morning.
105
And when we love what we do, it’s so easy to immerse ourselves in it and get in a state of flow.
106
The secret lies in aligning our own nature with the nature of our environment, to establish an optimal interplay between ourselves and our surroundings so that our pursuit becomes effortless.
107
The Taoists call this Wu-Wei, which can be translated as ‘effortless action’.
108
It’s essential to remember that what we’re looking for is not set in stone.
109
Many factors play a role in deciding what our Ikigai is.
110
In a constantly changing world, remaining in that flow state means that we continually need to adapt and finetune our position within the whole.
111
Ikigai, therefore, isn’t static.
112
It’s an active entity, that changes with the flow of time.
113
Thank you for watching.
📺 Mesmo canal
B22
How To Be Alone | 4 Healthy Ways
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
When Life Hurts, Care Less About It | The Philosophy of Marcus Aurelius
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
I don’t want kids. Am I a bad person?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C113
Buddhist Wisdom For Inner Peace
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Wu-wei | The Art of Letting Things Happen
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
When Life Hurts, Stop Clinging to It | The Philosophy of Epictetus
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1What You Try to Control, Controls You | The Paradox of Control
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1The Taoist Cure for a Crowded, Stressful Mind
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1The Less You Seek, The More You’ll Find | The Happiness Paradox
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1Don’t Worry, Everything is Out of Control | Taoist Antidotes for an Insane, Stressful World
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C2Why Invisibility is Power | Priceless Benefits of Being Invisible
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
✨ Vídeo recomendado
C15
151 frases
That “What Am I Doing With My Life ” Feeling Explained
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
204 frases
The Japanese System for Breaking Bad Habits & Addiction | Kaizen & Ikigai Philosophy
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
238 frases
Cosmic Insignificance Theory: A Simple Idea That Will Change Your Life Forever
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
43 frases
Can Work Make You Happy? Should It?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
175 frases
The Lost Art Of The Intellectual Life
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1129 frases
What you are seeking is seeking you
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B11
354 frases
English Podcast for Easy Daily Life Conversation | Talking About Ikigai 🌸 | Learn English Naturally
Business EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B25
53 frases
The grindification of hobbies
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2217
24 frases
How to know your life purpose in 2 minutes | Adam Leipzig (TED Talk Summary)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
25 frases
Should I Choose Passion or Duty?
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
396 frases
Genoeg is genoeg — Hoe word je écht gelukkig? (B1-B2)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C15
49 frases
Jordan Peterson - The Real Purpose of Universities
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
As palavras que mais se repetem: Ikigai, skill, flow. Este vídeo tem 113 frases e 1691 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 10:11. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 166 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. 85% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| dimension substantivo | /daɪˈmɛn.ʃən/ | dimensão |
| vocation substantivo | /vəʊˈkeɪʃən/ | vocação |
| immerse verbo | /ɪˈmɜɹs/ | imergir, submergir |
| ingredient substantivo | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | ingrediente |
| surroundings substantivo | /səˈɹaʊndɪŋz/ | ambiente, redondezas |
| mindset substantivo | /ˈmaɪn(d)ˌsɛt/ | mentalidade |
| effortless adjetivo | /ˈɛfə(ɹ)tlɪs/ | fácil, sem esforço |
| dreadful adjetivo | /ˈdɹɛd.fl̩/ | horrível, pavoroso |
| circumstance substantivo | /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/ | circunstância |
| enjoyment substantivo | /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪ.mənt/ | gozo |
| destructive adjetivo | /dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/ | destrutivo |
| hobby substantivo | /ˈhɑ.bi/ | passatempo, hobby |
| passionate adjetivo | /ˈpæʃənɪt/ | ardente |
| bottleneck substantivo | gargalo | |
| disservice substantivo | /dɪ(s)ˈsɝvɪs/ | desserviço |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| clean up verbo | dar uma limpeza, limpar |
| find out verbo | descobrir |
| grow up verbo | crescer |
| pick up verbo | pegar |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | are based · can be measured · be immersed |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | we've determined · we've addressed · we've found |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 44 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we're, isn't, don't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: thirdly /ˈθɚdli/, empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/, thrive /θɹajv/, worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: dimension /daɪˈmɛn.ʃən/, vocation /vəʊˈkeɪʃən/, passionate /ˈpæʃənɪt/, intuition /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, effortlessly /ˈɛf.ɚt.ləs.li/, mediocre /ˌmidiˈoʊkəɹ/, intuition /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/, continually /kənˈtɪnjuəli/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, mindset /ˈmaɪn(d)ˌsɛt/, enjoyment /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪ.mənt/, passionate /ˈpæʃənɪt/, frustrate /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/, optimal /ˈɑptɪməl/, miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como dimension, vocation, immerse.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.