Prática de Shadowing: Reading and the art of conversation - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Well, good afternoon.
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It is a, another cold day here in the great state of Michigan.
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I'm not sure why people say that.
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I'm not sure if one state is any better than the other.
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Michigan just seems to be colder than most.
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one thing for sure it is very difficult to clench a pipe that is a church warden in your teeth
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it almost pulls your teeth out I am smoking my estate church warden there's no name on this I bought this pipe
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probably 12 to 15 years ago.
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Maybe a little bit longer than that.
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No, it would be longer.
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I had this back in 2004.
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So this is almost 20 years old.
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And it was old then.
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It's been a great smoker.
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I love church warden pipes.
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mainly because they remind me of Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit.
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It's much smaller than my other one that I had picked up.
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This one was from a guy in Romania and you can kind of see the size difference here.
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This definitely is much more of one of those long Hobbit pipes.
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I mean you can't hardly get the whole thing in the frame.
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This is very cool smoking.
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As the smoke comes up it's very cool.
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But this one itself is cool.
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I am smoking some
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One Kool -Aid in it, trying to aromatize my books.
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Years ago when I was in college, I had a guy that lit me some books.
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and when I picked the books up you could smell the vanilla pipe tobacco in them
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and I thought I want to have a library someday that where all the books smell like vanilla or cherry pipe tobacco.
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I think most of mine is more vanilla and I have a couple aromatics that are cherry flavor.
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I don't get around to smoking them as much, but yeah, I'm drinking out of my Orvis cup,
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some hot cider, kind of relaxing downstairs.
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As I said, it's a very cold day here this weekend.
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I think it's been cold all over the United States.
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This weekend, we had one of of those
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Arctic blasts that came down.
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So we didn't get as much snow, maybe six inches, which is not too bad for us.
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But we did get the cold.
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It was on Saturday when I got up.
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It was minus 23, minus 8 on Sunday.
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And I think today is Monday.
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Yes, today is Monday.
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It was 7 when I got up.
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So we're moving in the right direction.
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Highs today are, I think, around 20.
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Maybe it's more in the teens.
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It got up to about 20 this weekend.
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But I think by the end of the week, we're supposed to maybe get back in the mid -30s.
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I'll be glad whenever winter is over.
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The sad thing about it is that even though it's the 26th of January,
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we're only 22 weeks away from fall.
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Just a depressing thought if you think about it.
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You're just 22 weeks.
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That's all it is.
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22 weekends and we will be in September.
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Winter will be over.
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Spring will be gone and summer will be over.
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It's just amazing how fast time flies.
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I've always liked the same years, months, and weeks are long, but years are quick.
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And that is so true.
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Last year, in August, I think I mentioned I went down for my 40th high school reunion.
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And you think about it, it's like an entire life has gone by.
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I've raised two kids.
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I've had two grandkids in that particular period of time.
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I mean, a lot has transpired.
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But in reality, that was only the celebration of 40 Christmases, 40 Thanksgivings.
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And 40 of something doesn't really seem like that much
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but it's just it's odd how time how we experience time
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you look back it seems quick you look forward it seems like it'll never end
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or never arrive and as a kid you wait for Christmas
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or wait for a birthday
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or for summer for school to be out in summer to be here
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and it seemed like it just it never was there
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but then when you're enjoying yourself it seems as though it goes by in an instant so it it's all about perspective.
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You just kind of chug through day by day and then you look back and you think, man, where did 40 years go?
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So it's interesting things to think about.
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I have since it's winter, it's always a good time to put my pipe back up here.
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It's always a good time to stay inside and read.
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Summer, I seem to have a lot of things outside to go, to do, to go and do.
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But I'm, as I mentioned last time, I set my reading schedule.
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And that reading schedule this year is going to include a particular study.
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I am reading, rereading Mere Christianity.
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This is by C .S.
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Lewis.
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And Lewis died mid -20th century.
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He, I think it was right before I was born, he passed away.
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It is a seminal work.
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People quote it.
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It really is a study on the moral law, the whole concept of morality.
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Where do we get the basis for saying that something is right and wrong?
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How can we even determine right from wrong?
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And he uses that as an argument.
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I've listened to the book a few times on audio.
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I've read it a couple times and I remember reading it whenever I was about 19.
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I first started college.
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I was at Northeast State.
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It's a junior college at the time
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and one of the professors that I was friends with gave it to him and said, read this book.
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So I did, but I've read it since then, and I'm rereading it as the beginning of reading a lot of Lewis's books again.
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Some I haven't read, Abolition of Man.
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I've owned it, but I've never actually read it.
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It is one of his more dense books.
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People describe it as being much more philosophical than mere Christianity.
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Mere Christianity was a series of lectures that he gave, and it's very relatable, very easy to read.
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He kind of, as one person said, brings the cookies off the shelf, makes it very easy for people to understand.
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Abolition of Man is a little bit more difficult, but if you get through it, if you understand the concept of it,
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which really he's in, Abolition of Man, it's kind of really in the idea of do do things have value?
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Is value something that is intrinsic?
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It is something that is that is real?
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Or is it something that we merely ascribe?
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If I look at a sunset and I say that's a beautiful sunset, can I say that it actually is a beautiful sunset?
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Or is it just my opinion that makes it a beautiful sunset?
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The sunset that itself is neither good nor bad.
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It's just a reality.
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What is value comes from, whether it's beautiful or not beautiful, is myself.
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And Lewis would say that there is inherent value in things himself.
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There is, I think we could translate that into absolute truth.
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In philosophy, they would describe that as the difference between foundationalism and non -foundationalism.
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And this relates to the study of knowledge or epistemology.
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Non -foundationalism says there really is no absolute truth.
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Foundationalism says there are absolute truths.
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I wish I had a bigger bowl.
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My hands were cold.
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But it's nice holding the warm bowl there.
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But in foundation, they would say, yes, there are absolutes.
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And it doesn't matter who you are, when you live.
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There are always absolute truths.
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One example of foundationalism, I think, would be in mathematics.
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While it may be, I would say, in some ways fashionable or correct.
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And it's not, I don't think, very widespread for people to say, well, well, 2 plus 2 does not always equal 4.
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1 plus 1 does not always equal 2.
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Well, I think it always does.
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It is a universal truth that if you have one apple, you add another apple to it, you've got two apples.
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It's common sense.
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When I was in school, I took a class on advanced mathematics, and we actually spent a whole day,
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one period, one class time, just proving that.
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And in fact, you can prove it.
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It takes like a whole page to prove one plus one does equal two.
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It's just a logical truth.
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Now, where things get kind of dicey in people saying we believe in non -foundational truth, that there really is no truth,
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usually comes in more in the area of ethics.
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Well, that relates to kind of what, you know, if you have foundational truth, there really is absolute truth.
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you can build upon it as I think
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Lewis does in Mere Christianity where he's going to be talking about the law of morality or the moral law.
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How do we know what is right and what is wrong?
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So there is a moral law that all people possess and we can agree on that for the most part.
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There may be some some differences.
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There may be individuals that are outliers.
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There may be some cultures, very very few cultures, that are outliers.
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But you can't take the outlier, the extreme case and say that proves the norm.
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So it's interesting looking at those two books, how Lewis is kind of building a foundation in a sense in the abolition of man,
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and then he's going up to the idea of the moral law, which he uses all throughout mere Christianity.
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So those are at least two books I'm reading.
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I'm also going to read a couple more of his, but But I have another one that I'm starting to read,
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and this one is called Beyond the Wager.
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Not a long read.
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It's maybe almost 200 pages, I think, or maybe 150.
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What is this?
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It's actually 200 pages exactly.
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Beyond the Wager, and this is kind of the life of Blaise Pascal.
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Now, Pascal was a scientist, but he was also a Christian,
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and he made the wager of, well, you can live as though Christianity is not true,
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but is it worth the wager?
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You're wagering eternal life with whether you actually know for sure that God does not exist.
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Now, Doug Routice is the one who wrote this book, and he says sometimes we have misunderstood what this wager actually is.
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Is that what Blaise Pascal is saying?
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Is he just simply saying it's better to live your life with Christian ideals and be wrong in the end,
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rather than not do it, and be right in the end, or rather than not do it and be wrong in the end.
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So he goes a little bit more in detail.
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I've read through about a third of it so far.
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And the beginning part, he just kind of gives a history of who Pascal was, his early life, his thought.
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Sickly man.
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He was a person who struggled with his health.
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but a very interesting thinker scientifically even philosophically and theologically so this is one I would definitely recommend late
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Beyond the Wager by Douglas Gruthyce he's written a lot of other books he wrote a huge book
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that is actually right here on my shelf that's about 1600 pages, more of a defense of Christianity.
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So looking at issues such as kind of what C .S.
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Lewis, we're basing a lot of this on C .S.
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Lewis, related to argument for the moral law,
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historicity of the resurrection, just some of the philosophical foundations of Christianity.
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So it's a very, very thinking book.
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One of the things I like about the church world is I can actually just point to it right there.
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So it's nice to have that pointer.
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yeah, I'm looking forward to getting through some of these books.
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One, again, Abolition Man for the first time.
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He does have another
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The Weight of Glory and Screwtape Letters.
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Those are not ones I'm going to read at this particular point,
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but I do want to go back and read what I hear people call the Narniad, which is the Chronicles Narnia.
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Lewis wrote that.
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It was written as a children's book, but it actually has an underlying theme within that, a spiritual theme.
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And then there's a medieval theme that goes beyond that.
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Dr. Michael Ward, who is over at Oxford University,
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he wrote a book in 2008 that was called Planet Narnia.
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And he said if you look at the underlying, underlying organization of those seven books that make up the Chronicles of Narnia,
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they relate to the seven planets.
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Well, not all planets.
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One is the sun.
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But it relates to the cosmology of the medieval period, medieval philosophy.
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And it makes sense because Lewis, as well as Tolkien, who wrote
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The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit, they were both medievalist.
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Modern movement had already been coming along back in the 1670s,
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even 1800s with the whole modernism and the Enlightenment.
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But they both claim we still think kind of as medievalist.
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And that's a different perspective, even though they taught at Oxford and Cambridge.
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They both appreciated the literature of the medieval period.
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And they use it kind of pulling that forward.
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I think Lewis probably more than Tolkien.
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Tolkien's was an amazing story.
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I do like
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The Lord of the Rings.
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If you've seen the movies, you know a little bit about it.
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But if you've read the books, you'll know that the books have a much different take on the actual story.
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And it makes sense to me.
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I mean, you are making a book you can't go through everything in a movie.
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I mean, you're making a movie, so you can't do everything in the book, in the movie, or it could be a 30 -hour movie.
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Although I would not be against that.
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I have been shocked.
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We were at the 25th anniversary release of the Lord of the Rings movies.
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And I think within the first five years, they came out, 10 years, they came out with the extended versions.
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I really thought for the 20th anniversary, they would have come out with the extended, extended versions.
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You know, extended versions, I mean, they're already three to three and a half hours long. But I could watch
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The Lord of the Rings for four to five hours.
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So if they had extra stuff, I would love to do that.
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It'd be great if he could have put in the Tom Bombadil stuff.
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That would be, I would love that.
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But I have heard that there was talk, and this just maybe talk
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that for the 30th anniversary he is going to release a extended extended version now i don't know how much
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that will be or even if that's true we'll we'll see
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when that comes out but um i'm i am reading uh i'm going to be reading the chronicles nardia again
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and i love the way tolkien uses words i mean even though it's a children's story um
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I don't know of an adult who couldn't get something out of it.
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It's just, it's fun reading.
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It's not like reading children's literature today.
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Some children's literature you pick up, and it's like, this sounds like it was written for an eight -year -old.
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Whereas for Tolkien, he kind of spans the ages.
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When my kids were growing up, there was a cartoon series called the Animaniacs.
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I don't know if you remember that.
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The Animaniacs, there was a, it's about four cartoon, three or four cartoon characters, and there was another, seemed like it was associated with it.
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I think it was part of it, and it had Pinky and the Brain, or Inky and the Brain.
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And my kids would watch Animaniacs, and even Pinky and the Brain, I think it was.
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I would watch it with them, because I didn't have anything else to do.
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but I noticed that the humor was actually geared toward adults.
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Not in a bad way, but it just had subtle hints there that it would keep your attention.
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It was like, my goodness, what he just said completely went over my kid's head.
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But that hit me.
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And you could tell the people that wrote it were pretty good at their job.
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But the Chronicles of Narnia read very much like that.
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I think adult could enjoy them. And I'm also reading
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The Lord of the Rings again.
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trying to look at the what is called literary apologetics
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and a lot of people take George MacDonald who was kind of the an influencer in Lewis
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and in Tolkien or on Lewis and talking
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but they will look at Lewis's fiction such as his the trilogy the Ransom trilogy and and Carol Landria,
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I believe it is called, and the Lord of the Rings.
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And they'll say these are literary.
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It's apologetics in a literary format.
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So looking forward to going back to them.
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I'm through the first book.
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So I'm about at the Two Towers.
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And completing that one, I'm hoping, by the end of February.
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At least I hope so, because I have other readings that I'm going to need to be starting.
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I have some Augustine.
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I want to read some of his stuff.
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Trying to put in a yearly reading schedule here.
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But yeah, if you've ever read C .S.
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Lewis, Mere Christianity, or Abolition of Man, or you know much about Pascal or Beyond the Wager,
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Love to hear your comments on those particular books.
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But we can share some stuff as I jump into, especially the abolition of man.
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I like the way he starts out by kind of critiquing a school book at his time,
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the Green School Book, and where they take two individuals where they actually look at a, say here's two opinions on something.
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They say it doesn't really matter what their opinions are on the beauty of something it's just all subjective and then
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Lewis kind of takes that apart.
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I know that can be a pretty divisive thing.
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Now, people in art, if you're an art critic you would say that yes there are absolutes,
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but if you're another person you say well I can go to a museum
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and I like certain things and I don't like certain things.
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I believe what
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Lewis would be referring to are things that we could all agree on.
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Of course, then again some may find that to be problematic.
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Do we all agree on on the beauty of a sunset, the beauty of a sunrise,
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a mountainscape, or a weather kind of landscape that you you can see.
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So it's always interesting discussion and if you can read those kind of things you can smoke a pipe,
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you can drink some coffee, some Irish cream liqueur, hard cider,
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or hot apple cider, or maybe even some whiskey, which is great to dialogue and to interact with some of these people.
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Of course, I love dialoguing with actual people.
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That's kind of fun, too.
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It's rare today that we can do that.
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I know I've mentioned that a couple times.
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It just seems as though we have lost the ability to have a conversation with each other.
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I've had conversations with people who are staunch atheists, people who are in a variety of other religious movements.
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And I love hearing what they have to say.
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I love dialoguing with people and just saying,
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hey, let's you know we always agree to disagree um on some of these philosophical issues but um
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i think it's always good to push our own beliefs um
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because when you dialogue with someone who disagrees with you
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if you can do that in a way where there is dialogue
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and it's not someone just shouting at you don't get that i don't like people just shouting at me and
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it seems a lot of people today shout and it's almost as though if I if I say it loud enough
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I can speak truth I think what people are doing
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I think a lot of people have the emotional level of a 12 year old and they shout
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their thoughts at other people and it may be more that they're trying to convince themselves that at the right,
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but it usually is done in such a such a disrespectful and almost nonsensical way.
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I don't see really what you're going to gain out of this.
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I don't see how you're going to learn or even communicate by the way that you're conducting yourself.
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But that's an entirely different subject as to where we are in the 21st century
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and how people act in the 21st century.
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A lot of this is just the culture in
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which we live in and the culture that has kind of evolved over the last 20 or 30 years.
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I don't find a lot of reason in some of the things that people say.
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I believe it, and you can ask, why do you believe it?
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I just believe it because I believe it.
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And I thought, well, that's a circular argument.
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If I say I believe certain things about my worldview, I should be able to back those things up.
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And I'm teaching a course right now on world religions.
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I know there's a big disagreement whether you smoke the dawdle or not, but I'm going to.
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just a little bit more.
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I'm teaching a class on world religions, and it's been interesting and challenging the people in the class because we kind of present,
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here's what this particular religious ideology proposes.
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And when we're done, I would say, okay, show me if I am going to hold this position where I'm wrong.
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And I kind of play the devil's advocate, and I will play an advocate for that particular position.
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And it's fun, the dialogue that we have.
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But I found in society that you can ask people, can you argue the position that you're against?
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So if you believe in abortion, can you argue against abortion?
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If you believe in pro -life, can you argue the other side?
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Most people cannot do that.
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They cannot take themselves objectively outside of their position and say,
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let me put myself in the other person's position and be able to argue against that.
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And I think we need to do that.
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Because if I cannot take the opposite of what I believe and argue against my position, I don't really know if my position is correct then.
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Can it stand up to scrutiny?
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and I need to be able to reason through that.
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One, not only does that allow me to reinforce what I believe and say, okay, I know why I believe what I believe,
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but it helps you not look like a fool when you get out and someone asks you a question and it's like, I don't know.
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I think we need to have at least some understanding of why we believe what we believe.
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So anyways, this video has gone on way too long.
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We're at almost 30 minutes here.
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So you have a blessed day.
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I hope that you're staying warm.
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I know this cold front has gone all the way down to Texas, and there's a lot of people that are hurting.
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I just heard that in Nashville this weekend, they were without power.
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And I have a lot of people I know that are just below that in North Alabama.
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They didn't get that much.
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It didn't seem like it disrupted things but you know quarter inch of ice
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that means power's out that that can hurt people i don't i don't want
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that to happen um minus 23 was bad enough here
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but um at least we continue to have power
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so i hope wherever you are you are warm safe
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and uh i i hope to see you very soon try to make these videos more often
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i know i say that a lot i don't quite get that done
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but i think in the coming weeks
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i'm going to have a lot more time on my hands to to be able to do that so
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So, God bless you and take care.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Reading and the art of conversation”. Este vídeo tem 352 frases e 4049 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 29:04. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 139 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 83% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| pipe substantivo | /ˈpaɪp/ | flauta |
| wage substantivo | /weɪd͡ʒ/ | salário, ordenado |
| abolition substantivo | /ˌæb.əˈlɪʃ.ən/ | abolição |
| extend verbo | /ɛkˈstɛnd/ | estender, ampliar |
| dialogue substantivo | /ˈdaɪəˌlɑɡ/ | diálogo, conversa |
| mere adjetivo | /mɪɚ/ | mero |
| sunset substantivo | /ˈsʌnˌsɛt/ | crepúsculo, pôr-do-sol |
| argue verbo | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | discutir, argumentar |
| moral adjetivo | /ˈmoɹəl/ | moral |
| relate verbo | /ɹɪˈleɪt/ | relatar |
| shout verbo | /ʃaʊt/ | gritar |
| medieval adjetivo | /mɪdˈi.vəl/ | medieval |
| chronicle substantivo | /ˈkɹɑnɪkl̩/ | crónica, crônica |
| literary adjetivo | /ˈlɪt.(ə.)ɹə.ɹi/ | literário |
| underlying adjetivo | implícito, subjacente |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| come out verbo | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | sair, partir |
| get up verbo | subir | |
| look forward to verbo | ansiar por, estar ansioso para | |
| pick up verbo | pegar | |
| get out verbo | sair | |
| go back verbo | voltar | |
| grow up verbo | crescer | |
| make up verbo | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | compensar |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- I'm not sure why people say that.
- I'll be glad whenever winter is over.
- How can we even determine right from wrong?
- I've owned it, but I've never actually read it.
- How do we know what is right and what is wrong?
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Frases condicionais if + oração, will/would + verbo — uma condição e seu resultado | if you've read the books, you'll know · if they had extra stuff, I would love · if that's true we'll we |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | It's been · I've always liked · has gone |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | was born · is called · was written |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | inches, which is · one who wrote · person who struggled |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 92 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I'm, don't, I've. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, ethics /ˈɛθ.ɪks/, atheist /ˈeɪ.θi.ɪst/, thinker /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: abolition /ˌæb.əˈlɪʃ.ən/, shout /ʃaʊt/, abortion /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩/, shelf /ʃɛlf/, shock /ʃɔk/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: abolition /ˌæb.əˈlɪʃ.ən/, literary /ˈlɪt.(ə.)ɹə.ɹi/, philosophical /ˌfɪl.əˈsɑ.fɪ.kl̩/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, morality /məˈɹælɪti/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: pipe /ˈpaɪp/, extend /ɛkˈstɛnd/, dialogue /ˈdaɪəˌlɑɡ/, sunset /ˈsʌnˌsɛt/, relate /ɹɪˈleɪt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: moral /ˈmoɹəl/, medieval /mɪdˈi.vəl/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, ideal /aɪˈdi(ə)l/, spiritual /ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/, hint /hɪnt/, humour /ˈhjuːmɚ/, inherent /ɪnˈhɪəɹənt/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como pipe, wage, abolition.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.