Prática de Shadowing: Steve Jobs Stanford Commencement Speech 2005 - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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I'm Honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world.
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Truth be told, I never graduated from college.
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And this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation.
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Today, I want to tell you three stories from my life.
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That's it.
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No big deal.
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Just three stories.
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The first story...
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is about connecting the dots.
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I dropped out of Reed College after the first six months, but then stayed around as a drop -in for another 18 months or so before I really quit.
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So why'd I drop out?
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It started before I was born.
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My biological mother was a young, unwed graduate student and she decided to put me up for adoption.
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She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates So everything was all set.
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for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife.
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except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl.
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So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking We've got an unexpected baby boy.
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Do you want him?
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They said, "Of course."
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My biological mother found out later that my mother had never graduated from college
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and that my father had never graduated from high school.
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she refused to sign the final adoption papers.
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She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would go to college.
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This was the start.
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in my life.
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- And 17 years later, I did go to college.
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But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford.
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and all of my working class parent savings were being spent on my college tuition.
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After six months, I couldn't see the value in it.
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I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life, and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out.
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And here I was, spending all the money my parents had saved their entire life.
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So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out okay.
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It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back, It was one of the best decisions I ever made.
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The minute I dropped out, I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me
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and begin dropping in on the ones that looked far more interesting.
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It wasn't all romantic.
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I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends rooms.
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I returned Coke bottles for the five -cent deposits to buy food with.
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and I would walk the seven miles across town every Sunday night
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to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple.
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I loved it.
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And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on.
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let me give you one example Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country,
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Throughout the campus, every poster, every label on every drawer was beautifully hand -calligraphed.
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Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this.
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I learned about serif and sans serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations about what makes great typography great.
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It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture.
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And I found it fascinating.
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None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life.
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But 10 years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, It all came back to me.
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And we designed it all into the Mac.
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It was the first computer with beautiful typography.
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if I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts.
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And since Windows just copied the Mac, it's likely that no personal computer would have them.
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Thank you.
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If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on that calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do.
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Of course, it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college.
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But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.
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Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward.
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You can only connect them looking backwards.
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So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.
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You have to trust in something, your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever.
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Because believing that the dots will connect down the road, will give you the confidence to follow your heart even when it leads you off the well -worn path.
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and that will make all the difference.
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Thank you.
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My second story is about love and loss.
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- Thank you.
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I was lucky.
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I found what I loved to do early in life.
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Was and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20.
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We worked hard
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and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two
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of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees.
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We just released our finest creation, the Macintosh, a year earlier, and I just turned 30.
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And then I got fired.
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How can you get fired from a company you started?
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Well?
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As Apple grew, we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me.
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And for the first year or so, things went well.
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But then our visions of the future began to diverge, and eventually we had a falling out.
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When we did, our board of directors sided with him.
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And so at 30, I was out.
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and very publicly out.
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What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.
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I really didn't know what to do for a few months.
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I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down.
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that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me.
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I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce, and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly.
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I was a very public failure and I even thought about running away from the valley.
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But something slowly began to dawn on me.
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I still loved what I did.
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- Okay.
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The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit.
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I'd been rejected, but I was still in love.
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Thank you.
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And so I decided to start over.
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I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me.
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The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again less sure about everything.
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It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life, During the next five years I started a company named Next
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Another company named Pixar and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife.
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Pixar went on to create the world's first computer animated feature film, Toy Story.
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and is now the most successful animation studio in the world.
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In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought next, and I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed it next is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance.
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And Lorene and I have a wonderful family together.
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I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple.
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It was awful tasting medicine.
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But I guess the patient needed it.
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sometime life sometimes life's gonna hit you in the head with a brick Don't lose faith.
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I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did.
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You've got to find what you love.
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And that is as true for work as it is for your lovers.
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Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work.
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And the only way to do great work is to love what you do.
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If you haven't found it yet, keep looking and don't settle.
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as with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it.
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And like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on.
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So keep looking.
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don't settle.
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Thank you.
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My third story is about death.
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When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like, If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right.
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It made an impression on me.
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and since then for the past 33 years I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself, If today were the last day of my life, what I want to do,
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what I am about to do today.
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And whenever the answer has been no for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.
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Remembering
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that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've
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ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life because almost everything All external expectations,
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all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure, These things just fall away in the face of death.
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leaving only what is truly important, Remembering
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that you are going to die is the best way I
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know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose.
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You are already naked.
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There is no reason not to follow your heart.
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About a year ago, I was diagnosed with cancer.
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I had a scan at 7 :30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas.
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I didn't even know what a pancreas was.
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The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable.
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and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months.
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My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order.
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which is doctor's code for prepare to die.
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It means to try and tell your kids everything.
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You thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them.
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in just a few months.
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It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family.
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It means to say your goodbyes.
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Thank you.
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I live with that diagnosis all day.
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Later that evening I had a biopsy where they stuck an endoscope down my throat through my stomach and into my intestines.
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put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor.
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I was sedated.
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but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope, the doctor started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer.
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that is curable with surgery.
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I had the surgery.
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And thankfully, I'm fine now.
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This was the closest I've been to facing death.
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and I hope it's the closest I get for a few more decades.
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Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than
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when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept.
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No one wants to die.
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Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there.
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And yet, death is the destination we all share.
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No one has ever escaped it.
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And that is as it should be because death is very likely the single best invention of life.
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It's life's change agent.
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It clears out the old to make way for the new.
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Right now, the new is you.
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But someday, not too long from now, you will gradually become the old, and be cleared away.
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Sorry to be so dramatic, but it's quite true.
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Your time is limited.
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So don't waste it living someone else's life.
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Don't be trapped by dogma, which is living with the results of other people's thinking.
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Don't let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voice.
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and most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition.
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they somehow already know what you truly want to become.
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Everything else is secondary.
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Thank you.
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When I was young, There was an amazing publication called the Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the Bibles of my generation.
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It was created by a fellow named Stuart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park
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and he brought it to life with his poetic touch.
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This was in the late 60s, before personal computers and desktop publishing So it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras.
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It was sort of like Google in paperback form 35 years before Google came along.
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It was idealistic.
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overflowing with neat tools and great notions.
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Stewart and his team put out several issues of the Whole Earth Catalog.
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And then, when it had run its course, they put out a final issue.
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It was the mid -1970s and I was your age.
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On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road
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the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous.
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Beneath it were the words, stay hungry Stay foolish.
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It was their farewell message as they signed off.
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Stay hungry.
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Stay foolish.
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And I have always wished that for myself.
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And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.
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Stay hungry, stay foolish.
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Thank you all very much.
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Por que praticar a fala com este vídeo?
Praticar a fala em inglês por meio do discurso de Steve Jobs na cerimônia de formatura de Stanford em 2005 é uma excelente maneira de mergulhar em um contexto autêntico e inspirador. Este discurso não apenas motiva, mas também oferece várias lições valiosas sobre decisões de vida e a importância de seguir suas paixões. Através do shadowing em inglês, você poderá melhorar sua fluência e entonação ao imitar o estilo de fala carismático de Jobs. Aprendendo a aprender inglês com youtube, você estará exposto a um nível elevado da língua que vai além do vocabulário básico, desafiando suas habilidades de escuta e fala.
Gramática & Expressões em Contexto
No discurso, Jobs utiliza várias estruturas que são úteis para aprender. Aqui estão algumas delas:
- "I never graduated from college." - Esta estrutura simples em passado serve para expressar experiências pessoais e pode ser aplicada em suas próprias histórias.
- "I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out okay." - O uso da conjunção "and" aqui mostra a ligação entre ações e sentimentos, um recurso que você pode usar para expressar suas decisões.
- "It was one of the best decisions I ever made." - Essa frase exemplifica a expressão de opinião e reflexão sobre escolhas passadas, essencial para enriquecer sua prática de conversação em inglês.
- "Much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity." - A estrutura "stumbled into" é uma maneira coloquial de dizer que você se encontrou em uma situação inesperada, útil para conversas informais.
Armadilhas Comuns de Pronúncia
Um dos desafios em ouvir Steve Jobs é a sua entonação e ritmo característicos. Aqui estão algumas armadilhas comuns de pronúncia:
- "Calligraphy" - A maneira como ele pronuncia esta palavra pode ser confusa devido ao som do "g". Pratique enfatizando o "call-" e suavizando o "grafy".
- "Typography" - O "typo" pode ser pronunciado rapidamente, então certifique-se de desacelerar ao falar para evitar confusões.
- "Coke bottles" - As palavras podem se unir rapidamente em sua fala; treine separá-las ao falar fluentemente.
Ao dedicar tempo para ouvir, repetir e praticar essas estruturas e sons, você estará utilizando efetivamente o método de shadow speak, ajudando na sua jornada de aprendizado em inglês. Ao se expor a discursos inspiradores, sua prática de conversação em inglês se tornará mais rica e variada.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | be told · was born · should be adopted |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | I've ever gotten · haven't found · have looked |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | someone who I · woman who would · people who want |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.