Prática de Shadowing: Understanding the Elements of Design | Graphic Design Basic - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Design is an intricate, fun and exciting business.
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There's a lot to learn, do and consider when you're a designer.
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Technology is constantly evolving and new trends are coming at you rapid fire.
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It's what makes design exciting.
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This lesson will take you through the core elements of design to give you a head start in this creative environment.
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We're going to explore how a dot, line, shape, form, tone, texture, color, and text are the basic building blocks of art and design.
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Understand these elements and you'll understand how art and design are fundamentally made.
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So we'll begin with the simplest of the simple, the dot.
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A dot is a dot.
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In design you might call it a point.
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A dot can't be anything else and you can't break it down further.
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This might seem basic but what if we added a second dot?
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Now we're looking at a whole scenario.
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Is it dramatic?
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Are they awkwardly touching?
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All of a sudden we have design decisions to make.
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What if we try to connect the dot?
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That's exactly where we hit our second element, the line.
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A line can be defined as a linear mark.
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It might be wavy to create a sense of movement, or maybe it's straight, which would look pretty neat.
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Lines are everywhere, even in the word line itself.
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We can place lines strategically to lead eyes toward a focal point.
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This means directing the focus towards a particular design element.
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We call these leading lines, and they control the way viewers look at our entire design.
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Here, the designer has positioned lines in a zig
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What do you first notice in this design?
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And where do your eyes want to move to next?
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You can't help but follow the line, can you?
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Bold or contrasting lines also help your design stand out.
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Take a look at how these outline illustrations use white lines on a contrasting background.
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Now we're going to show you how a series of lines can come together to create a shape.
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When a line comes full circle, you get, well, a circle that's a type of shape.
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Remember the outlined illustration?
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Those lines were curved and connected to create two -dimensional shapes.
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A 2D shape is a flat object with no depth.
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Those outlined shapes represented familiar objects such as a lighthouse, camera, and torch.
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But a shape can also be simpler than a lighthouse.
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Even a basic rectangle could be used to make a design stand out.
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It could act as an outline that borders around a heading or filled in to make a solid frame.
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When we start to change the lines and tones that surround our shapes we can turn them into objects that look 3D.
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This brings us to form.
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A shape as simple as a square can be turned into a cube.
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The word for this is form and we use elements like shadow, tone and texture to create dimension.
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The size and placement of a shadow is one way to bring form to a flat shape.
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Take a look at the way these squares, which started out 2D, have been stretched into 3D objects.
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With their new depth, width, and height, these squares now seem to tower off the page.
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We see form in other simple shapes.
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With shadows, a circle can become a sphere, and a triangle can become a pyramid.
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When we talk about shadows, we also talk about tone.
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At its simplest, tone is how bright or dark a color can be.
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For example, a shadow will usually be illustrated in a darker tone compared to the object it surrounds.
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In this design, we see many tones of the color blue.
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These tones help us to understand what's being shown and allow us to view the picture from a certain perspective.
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Here, the lighter tones of blue imply a moon reflecting over the sea.
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The darker tones imply backs of leaves that frame the picture.
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Don't you feel like you're standing in the shadows, peeping out from behind the branches?
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Texture helps an illustration feel realistic.
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We use the word feel because texture can remind us of the tactile nature of rough stone or woven canvas.
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Imagine how it would feel to touch these things.
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Texture brings feelings to your work.
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Imagine a vintage feeling, calm feeling, or modern feeling.
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Texture can be used in any part of your design.
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In this design, the texture appears faded and worn.
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It complements the retro style of the words to give an older, authentic feel.
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In this way, it might send the message that this brand is reliable and long -lasting.
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Color will be one of your biggest design choices.
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This is because color palettes send powerful messages and associations.
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For example, in some cultures, white has long been used to represent peace and purity.
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Red, on the other hand, could represent passion
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and power blue might feel calm as water while yellow brings a burst of positivity
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but colors will rarely stand alone that's why we have a color wheel to show us
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which colors look great
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when they're side by side a color wheel will help you find different combinations
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that make your design look right for its intention color is a big element
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and one that'll take time to understand it's worth the effort good color palettes can make a design pop
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and grab the audience's attention
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that's why we go into greater detail in another lesson remember any part of your design can have color
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which brings us to our final element text it's not just what you say
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but how you say it the design color
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and placement of your text can be just as important as the words
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and letters themselves we use typography to describe the shapes forms and lines that make up a letter.
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While there are endless possibilities in the world of typography, you'll typically find these styles fall under two categories, serif and sans serif.
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Serif adds a few little lines to the edges of letters.
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It's a great option for print projects because it's easy to read.
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Sans serif literally means without serif, so we take those little lines away to get a cleaner shape.
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These smoother edges look good when you're publishing on the web, but really it comes down to you and the style you're after.
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There's a lot to learn when it comes to typography.
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But for now, we just need to acknowledge it's an important element of design.
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Now we know the most basic elements.
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Try to isolate individual elements when you look at artwork or design.
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See if you can train your eyes to pull apart designs and dissect them into individual elements.
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If you can pull something apart, you can put it back together in infinite ways.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Understanding the Elements of Design”. As palavras que mais se repetem: design, shape, color, element, tone. Este vídeo tem 92 frases e 1144 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 6:57. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 165 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. Apenas 80% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| element substantivo | /ˈɛləmənt/ | fundamento |
| tone substantivo | /ˈtəʊn/ | tom |
| shadow substantivo | /ˈʃædəʊ̯/ | sombra |
| outline substantivo | /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ | contorno |
| illustration substantivo | /ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/ | ilustração |
| lesson substantivo | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | lição |
| contrast substantivo | /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/ | contraste |
| designer substantivo | /dɪˈzaɪnɚ/ | desenhador, desenhadora |
| connect verbo | /kəˈnɛkt/ | conectar |
| placement substantivo | /ˈpleɪ̯smənt/ | colocação, posicionamento |
| imply verbo | /ɪmˈplaɪ/ | implicar, ter como consequência |
| surround verbo | /səˈɹaʊnd/ | contornar, cercar |
| palette substantivo | /ˈpælɪt/ | paleta |
| lighthouse substantivo | /ˈlaɪthaʊs/ | farol |
| compare verbo | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | comparar |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| make up verbo | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | compensar |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- This might seem basic, but what if we added a second dot?
- What if we try to connect the dot?
- What do you first notice in this design?
- You can't help but follow the line, can you?
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | are fundamentally made · can be defined · were curved |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | has positioned · have been stretched |
| Possibilidade com “might / may” might/may + verbo — algo possível, mas não certo | might call · might seem · might be |
| Superlativos the -est / the most … — o maior ou o menor de um grupo | the simplest · its simplest · your biggest |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 16 contrações e formas reduzidas, como you're, can't, we're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: smooth /smuːð/, authentic /ɔˈθɛn.tɪk/, width /ˈwɪtθ/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/, illustration /ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, passion /ˈpæʃən/, intention /ɪnˈtɛnʃn̩/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: illustration /ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/, dimensional /daɪˈmɛn.ʃə.nəl/, combinations /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃənz/, typography /taɪˈpɑɡɹəfi/, positivity /ˌpɑ.zɪˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: element /ˈɛləmənt/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, connect /kəˈnɛkt/, placement /ˈpleɪ̯smənt/, surround /səˈɹaʊnd/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: dimensional /daɪˈmɛn.ʃə.nəl/, triangle /ˈtɹaɪˌæŋɡəl/, tactile /ˈtæktaɪl/
- s + consoante no início — sem um “i” antes: smooth /smuːð/, stretch /stɹɛt͡ʃ/, sphere /sfɪɚ/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como element, tone, shadow.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.