Практика Shadowing: Reading for Vocabulary WORD | Level D | Lesson 08 | Brian Stuart I ( Learn English ) - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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Hello everybody!
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Welcome back to Reading for Vocabulary.
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I'm Brian Stewart.
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We're continuing on our subject, our unit, caring for animals.
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Our lesson eight is living with animals.
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Do you live with an animal?
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Do you have a pet?
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Probably if you have a pet, you're living with an animal.
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So So we're going to focus on how humans live with animals.
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How do humans live with animals?
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But we'll not just look at pets.
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In the reading passage, they'll also mention some other ways
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that human beings have lived with animals a long time ago and through history, but just briefly.
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But first of course, before we do any reading, we should study some vocabulary first.
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Are you ready?
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Let's begin with our first word.
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Whoa, these guys look really cool, don't they?
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Something we watch or do for fun.
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Something that we watch or that we do for fun.
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What could that be?
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Well, we're looking for entertainment.
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What a long word.
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En -ter -tain -ment.
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So, en -ter -tain -ment.
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En -ter -tain -ment.
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Four syllables.
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En -ter -tain -ment.
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Long word, right?
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Entertainment is something we watch.
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So if you watch a TV show, it could be a drama.
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It could be a music show.
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It could be a documentary, something about history.
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But it's entertaining.
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That's entertainment.
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Something we do for fun.
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We play a video game.
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We go play soccer.
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That's also a form of entertainment.
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Okay?
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So entertainment has many different forms, or there's many types of entertainment.
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Okay, next word.
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A very sad situation.
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It looks like a person has died, a police funeral, a police officer has died.
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The state of being dead, we say death.
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Death.
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There is a death in the family is a common expression.
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There was a death.
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Death is usually used as a noun.
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There was a death in the family.
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It means somebody in the family died grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, hopefully not child, right?
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But there was a death in the family.
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There was a death of a police officer and this is the funeral.
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A funeral is to mark the death of a person, a funeral.
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Next one, to keep something working.
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So this person here is a mechanic, it's his job to make sure that this car keeps on working.
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He's job is to maintain.
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Maintain.
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Right?
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A -I, A -I, same sound.
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Maintain.
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Maintain the vehicle.
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Make sure that it keeps working.
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And not just that it keeps working, but it keeps working well.
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And that is the job of a mechanic. But not just mechanics.
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Everybody should work to keep something working well.
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You should keep your body working well.
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Get enough sleep, right?
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Eat the proper foods.
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Maintain your health.
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Okay?
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So it's not just mechanics who maintain things.
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Everybody maintains things.
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We want to keep the things we use working well.
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We should maintain our bodies we should maintain the things that we use to make sure they keep working.
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Don't neglect, don't ignore the things that you have.
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Maintain them, make sure they keep working well.
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Number four, oh this is very sad, she feels pain.
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She is suffering.
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Okay, to suffer.
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To suffer, it's a verb, right?
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Usually we say if we see her we don't say she is suffer we say she is suffering ing.
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She is suffering.
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He looks like he is suffering okay?
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But you can also of course just use suffer.
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She suffers from right?
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She suffers from the flu.
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She suffers from a breakup.
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Her boyfriend broke up with her so she suffers from that okay?
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But usually we say she is suffering we don't say why.
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Okay, okay.
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Number five, to teach new information.
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To teach new information is to educate somebody.
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Right now you are being educated.
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I'm teaching you about English and we're going over vocabulary.
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So right now I am educating you.
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When you go to school you are being educated by your teachers and your textbooks.
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When you go to the library and you read a book, you're being educated.
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It's very important to continue to be educated throughout our lives, even after you finish school.
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Read books that you're interested in and subjects that you're interested in.
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Watch documentaries on television or watch movies about history.
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And always don't give up being educated, right?
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Education is very important.
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Six, more than what is useful or needed.
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More than what is useful or needed is extra.
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If you have something that you don't need, right, you don't need it.
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It's more than what is useful.
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You don't need it for using it.
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It's not something that you need to use.
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It's just something extra, right?
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Something above and beyond what you need or what is useful.
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It's extra.
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Usually it's a bonus.
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We think of it in the terms of positive thinking, right?
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So dessert after dinner is something extra for you to eat.
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You don't need it.
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Maybe it's not useful, but you like it, right?
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That's extra, okay?
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Sometimes your mom will put something extra in your lunch when you go to school, or you'll get something extra from your friends if they give you something.
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You don't need it.
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Maybe it's not useful, but it's something that you like.
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It's extra.
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Seven, a place to keep animals for people to see.
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So these people are visiting what?
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They're visiting the zoo.
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The giraffe lives in the zoo.
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Well, this giraffe lives in the zoo.
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Most giraffes live in the wild.
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But in many cities, there are zoos where people can go and they can see animals.
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These animals are not tame.
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They're not pets.
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They're kind of wild animals.
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Even though they don't live in nature, they live in a place that's built by human beings, they are in a zoo.
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But they are not tame.
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You have to be careful when approaching these animals because they're maybe not used to being around human beings.
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Okay, we say, of course, that's a zoo.
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I forget the word, zoo.
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When you say this word, pronunciation, zee, z, zoo, zoo.
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Not ju, zoo, zoo.
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You got some vibration.
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So make your mouth wide like that and make your tongue vibrate.
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Zoo.
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And you got it, zoo.
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Okay, next one.
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Whoa, this kid's really smart, right?
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Unique and different, right?
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Most kids, most children do not write these types of diagrams.
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You have to be very smart and very intelligent to be able to do this.
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We say this person is special.
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Some kids, some young people are very smart.
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They're like geniuses and they are able to do these types of things at an early age, maybe even better than people who are a lot older than them.
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Some of them are a lot smarter than their teachers in school.
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They are special kids and they should have special education.
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Okay, next one.
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9. Wow, very nice and peaceful.
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Very beautiful scene.
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Having a lot of water in the air.
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Now, having a lot of water in the air, it's kind of hard to show a picture of that.
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But basically, if you're at the beach, you notice you're next to the ocean.
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It's very hot.
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When it's hot, a lot of the water comes into the air, right?
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And in Korean you say, 습기, 습기, right?
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습기.
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In English we say it's humid.
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During the summertime in Korea, it's very humid, isn't it?
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And you sweat a lot.
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In the wintertime, it's dry.
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So the opposite of humid, the opposite, pandero, is dry.
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It's dry in the winter, but humid in the summer.
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Humid means it has a lot of water in the air.
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Next one people who make sure we follow the laws.
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Who are people that make sure we follow the laws?
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We call these people police.
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This person is a policeman but there are also police women.
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If you just want to talk about police you can just say police.
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It doesn't mean man or woman it's just the police and usually we say the police force.
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It's a group of people, men and women, who make Make sure we follow the laws.
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They enforce the law.
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If he is breaking the law by speeding, going too fast, or if he doesn't stop at the stop light or stop sign,
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then this person will write a ticket, making sure that he follows the law next time.
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Eleven.
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Oh, we have a playing doctor, right?
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He's going to be the doctor for his younger brother, it looks like.
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What a thing does or is used for.
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But what a thing does or is used for, we call that a role, right?
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So, what is the role of the things that you use?
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For example, the mask.
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What's the role of the mask?
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The role of the mask or the function of the mask is to prevent disease from transferring from one person to another.
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So what the thing does or what it is used for, we can say what's its role.
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You could also say what is its function?
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What is its function?
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Or what is it used for?
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What is it used for?
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What's its role?
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Okay.
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Whoa, that was fast.
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These kids, have you ever done this?
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What are they doing?
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They have pillows and they're fighting with each other to try to beat somebody.
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You fight them.
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Of course, a pillow fight is very common among brothers and sisters and friends, right?
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Hey, you're fighting somebody, but you don't mean to hurt them.
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You're just having fun.
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You're trying to beat the other person, and you're fighting them.
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Of course, we also fight people in video games.
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Don't fight people physically.
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That's not good behavior.
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But you're trying to beat the other person.
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Now, fight is an irregular verb.
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It has different forms when we use it in past tense.
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So we say fight, fought, fought.
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Fight, fought, fought.
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Okay?
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That's the different verb forms depending on the verb tense that you're using, present or past tense.
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Whether it's simple past or past perfect.
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Okay, next one.
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13. Ooh, this house looks terrible, right?
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It's leaning to one side.
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Situation or environment, the condition of this house is very bad.
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In fact, this house should be torn down.
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It's not safe.
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The condition is unsafe.
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What is the condition of this house?
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Dangerous, unsafe.
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It should be torn down and a new house should be built.
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A new house, the condition is very good and the condition is safe.
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So the situation environment is like the condition.
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I'll get next one.
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Made of hardened sand and stone.
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Made of hardened sand and stone.
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What is this?
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This is concrete.
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Okay, so you see this truck sometimes you see these trucks at Kongsujung sites, right?
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And that's construction site and they use concrete to build buildings or other types of things, roads, walls.
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Concrete is used for a lot of different things and they use sand and stone, crushed up stone, water also and they can make concrete,
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okay, made of hardened sand and stone concrete.
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This isn't hard, this is wet, but after it dries it becomes hard and it's a very strong building material.
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Okay, number 15, a huge field with grass and few trees.
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So a huge field, lots of grass, a few trees here and there, we call this place a a plain.
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And if you talk about the plains, usually people say the plains, like if they say the Great Plains,
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the Great Plains is an area designated in the middle of America.
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It involves states like Texas, Oklahoma, Nebraska, and higher up, the Dakotas.
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These states, there are not a lot of trees.
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It's just very flat and lots of grass and there's a lot of farmland there.
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Now, a long time ago it was just grass
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and buffalo would run up and down this area and the Indians would hunt the buffalo.
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Those were the Great Plains.
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So plain, a very flat area, huge field you can see for miles and miles and miles.
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It takes days to go across the Great Plains.
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Okay, last word, a deep hole.
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If you have a deep hole like this, this looks like a mining operation, but a deep hole we call it a pit.
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I used to work for a mining company in America.
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I was in the human resources department at a large mining company, and that's what we call it.
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We call it the pit.
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We say the north pit, the south pit, right?
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So a pit is a deep hole.
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But pit doesn't just mean mining.
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It can be a natural pit.
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For example, sometimes you hear in the news where the ground just opens up, and they call that a sinkhole, but you can also say it's a pit.
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It's just a deep hole in the ground.
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It's a pit.
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Okay, that's our words.
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Let's go over the words how well do we remember these words?
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Let's do some exercises.
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Number one, I enjoy movies, they are great.
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Beep.
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And then we have the words here.
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So we have A, waste, B, audience, C, entertainment, D, people.
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What did we say about this word?
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We said that something that you do for fun, right?
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Like a movie, it could be playing a video game, it could be playing soccer, there's many forms of it.
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What is it?
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Of course we talked about entertainment.
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I enjoy movies, they are great entertainment.
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Not waste, that doesn't make sense.
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Not audience, that doesn't make sense.
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And not people.
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Movies are not people, that's weird.
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Movies are a form of entertainment.
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There are many types of entertainment.
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There are many forms of entertainment.
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Movies are one type of entertainment.
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Okay, skipping number two, going to three.
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You can see monkeys in cages at the what?
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Where can you go and see animals in cages?
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Hopefully not in cages.
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That's not very nice.
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That's not very good.
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Hopefully they're in open areas.
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But sometimes they're in large cages.
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Okay, where do you see them? and the plains, in the jungle, at the zoo, or at the environment.
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Notice we say at.
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That's important too because we don't say at the plains, we say on the plains.
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We don't say at the jungle, we say in the jungle.
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Let me write this down for you.
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On the plains, in the jungle,
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at the zoo, and in the environment.
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So really, we see at here, at is here, so that kind of gives us the idea anyway, right?
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You can see monkeys in cages at the zoo.
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We say at the zoo.
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You can say in the zoo, but it's more common to say at the zoo.
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But we don't say at the plains, we say on the plains.
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We don't say at the jungle, we say in the jungle.
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And environment, it's usually common to say in the environment, in an environment.
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So just looking at the preposition, zoo is the only one that we have to choose, so zoo is the answer.
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But zoo is also the only one that makes sense.
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You don't see monkeys in cages on the plains or in the jungle.
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The jungle is a natural environment.
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You don't have cages in the jungle where monkeys live.
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That's crazy.
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And in the environment, that doesn't fit well with the sentence anyway.
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The best answer is zoo, even if we don't worry about the preposition.
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Okay, next one, number five.
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I was beep at a good school.
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What is done to you at a school?
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Nothing bad, that sounds bad, what is done to you at a school?
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But in a positive sense, what happens to you at school?
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Are you educated?
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Are you entertained?
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Are you kept?
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Are you treated?
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Well, you could be all four of those things, but one of those is the best choice.
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I was educated at a good school.
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Hopefully, if it's a good school, you will get a good education.
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So you will be educated at a good school.
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I was educated at a good school.
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You could say I was entertained at a good school, but the purpose for going to school is not to be entertained.
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The purpose for going to school is to be educated.
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So that's not a very good fit.
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I was kept at a good school.
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This sounds like you were kept a prisoner at a good school.
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That sounds a little strange.
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It's possible grammatically, but it sounds strange.
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I was treated at a good school.
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And that sounds odd too, because that doesn't say anything.
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You were treated at a good school?
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Usually we have to say I was treated well or I was treated poorly.
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How were you treated?
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If you just say I was treated at a good school, that doesn't say anything.
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What does it say?
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So it doesn't fit.
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The best answer is educated.
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I was educated at a good school.
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It means I got a good education.
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Seven, my dog is beep.
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He has two different colored eyes.
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Well, that's strange.
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If your dog has one blue eye and one brown eye, that's kind of strange, right?
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So would you say your dog is poor, your dog is special, your dog is small, or your dog is old?
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Okay, well strange can be unusual, right?
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It can be different.
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It can be special, not ordinary, right?
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So the only one that fits is special.
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Poor doesn't fit.
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My dog is poor, doesn't have any money.
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Dogs don't care about that.
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My dog is small.
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Okay, your dog is small, but why would you say he has two different colored eyes?
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That's not an example of being small.
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My dog is old.
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Okay, well he's old, but why would you say he's two different colored eyes?
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Having two different colored eyes is not an example of being old.
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But having two different colored eyes is an example of being special.
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So make sure that this adjective fits the explanation or the example.
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If this example does not fit the adjective, it's not a good match.
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It's not a good connection.
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So special is the best choice here because you're saying the first sentence and then you're giving an example of that.
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Okay, so always make sure you have that connection when you're filling in exercises like this.
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Okay, that wraps up the vocabulary section.
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Now let's take a short break and go into the reading part.
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Let's take a break.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B1 построен на видео «Reading for Vocabulary WORD». Чаще всего повторяются слова: zoo, plain, entertainment, animal, educated. В этом видео 370 предложений и 3110 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 20:13. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 154 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 87% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика простая. Вопросов здесь 70 из 370 предложений, так что это хорошая тренировка вопросительной интонации и коротких ответов.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| educate глагол | /ˈɛd͡ʒ.əˌkeɪt/ | обуча́ть, обучи́ть |
| jungle существительное | /ˈd͡ʒʌŋ.ɡ(ə)l/ | джу́нгли |
| cage существительное | /keɪd͡ʒ/ | кле́тка |
| humid прилагательное | /ˈhjuːmɪd/ | вла́жный |
| verb существительное | /vɝb/ | глаго́л |
| mechanic существительное | /mɪˈkænɪk/ | меха́ник |
| vocabulary существительное | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | слова́рь, слова́рный запа́с |
| entertain глагол | /ˌɛntəˈteɪn/ | развлека́ть, развле́чь |
| monkey существительное | /ˈmʌŋki/ | обезья́на |
| mask существительное | /mæsk/ | ма́ска, личи́на |
| beep существительное | /biːp/ | гудо́к, клаксо́н |
| giraffe существительное | /d͡ʒəˈɹæf/ | жира́ф, жира́фа |
| harden глагол | /ˈhɑɹdn̩/ | тверде́ть, затверде́ть |
| whoa | /woʊ/ | тпру, пру |
| tense существительное | /tɛns/ | вре́мя |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Значение |
|---|---|
| give up глагол | сдава́ться, сда́ться |
| go over глагол | хорошо́ принима́ться |
| wrap up глагол | завора́чивать, заверну́ть |
Фразы, которые стоит повторять
Короткие законченные фразы из видео, которые пригодятся в повседневном разговоре:
- Do you live with an animal?
- Do you have a pet?
- You could also say what is its function?
- These kids, have you ever done this?
- Let's go over the words how well do we remember these words?
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | should be torn · was entertained · was kept |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | people who are · people who make |
| Совет с «should» should + глагол — сказать, что стоит сделать | should study · should work · should keep |
| Превосходная степень the -est / the most … — самое большое или малое в группе | The best |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 68 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, you're, doesn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «th»: grandmother /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌmʌðɚ/, grandfather /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, vibration /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/, crush /kɹʌʃ/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, documentary /ˌdɒk.jʊˈmɛn.tɹi/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: whoa /woʊ/, sweat /swɛt/
- /h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: humid /ˈhjuːmɪd/, harden /ˈhɑɹdn̩/, sinkhole /ˈsɪŋkˌhoʊl/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: cage /keɪd͡ʒ/, humid /ˈhjuːmɪd/, verb /vɝb/, adjective /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/, farmland /ˈfɑːɹmlænd/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как educate, jungle, cage.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.