Практика Shadowing: These Dumb Weapons Actually Existed - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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Dumbest weapons in history.
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War between humans is bad enough, so it gets rather depressing when innocent animals are dragged into the mix.
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But honestly, animals have been used in warfare for ages.
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War elephants, attack dogs, carrier pigeons, bat bombs.
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Wait, bat bombs?
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Yep, bat bombs.
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Just one letter off from being a very nice, relaxing evening, the bat bomb is anything but.
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Dubbed Project X-Ray, the bat bomb was an experimental weapon developed by the United States for use against the Japanese in World War II.
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Initially thought up by a friggin' dental surgeon, no less, the bomb would work like this.
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You stuff a bunch of angry bats into a little canister.
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Mexican free-tailed bats to be specific.
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Why?
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Well, because they're small and cute, that's why.
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But they're also very fast, which is probably way more conducive to the task at hand.
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These flappy boys can soar through the air at around 100 miles per hour.
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Okay, fast bats.
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Cool, got it.
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But how were they bombs?
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Glad you asked.
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There were actually little bombs just straight up strapped to their chests, of course.
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Each bat was equipped with a tiny 1 ounce incendiary device, which was just a small pouch of napalm that would detonate after a timed delay.
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So, now you have your explosives.
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Just cram them all into a small capsule and find a target.
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Easy enough, right?
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Once the bat bomb was dropped over an intended target, a parachute would deploy, opening the bombshell, and releasing over 1,000 bats.
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In theory, the bats would scatter across the landscape and look for places to roost and go sleepy by.
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Anywhere that a bat could squeeze into and honk some me-me-me's was a suitable target.
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Since the bats would likely spread over a wide range to multiple targets in the area, they would prove to be very effective little terrorists as small fires would spring up across the city
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and be difficult to contain.
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So how did it do?
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Well during a test run in a US airfield hundreds of armed bats were accidentally released and took refuge next to,
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for perfect comedic effect, a giant friggin fuel tank.
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Don't.. move.
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Though effective, Project X-Ray was cancelled because World War II ended before testing was fully complete.
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Maybe next time, fellas.
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Nuclear bombs dropped from the sky are pretty cool, but how about a bomb that you could bury in the ground, waiting for victims to roll over it?
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Like a land mine?
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Yes, like a land mine.
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But a bigger, better one.
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Enter the Blue Peacock Nuclear Mine.
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by the British in the 1950s, the goal of this bomb was to stop potentially invading Soviet forces from taking over recently war-torn Germany.
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You know, if they decided to do that sort of thing.
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Oi bruv, you want Germany?
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Well, come on then.
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Oh, I ain't gonna tick.
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Oh.
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Yeah, come on then.
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It was a great exit strategy to render the area completely useless as everything was now reduced to atoms and irradiated.
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I can't have it, no one can, said the British.
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Though to level a whole city, these things had to be massive, and they were.
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Each bomb weighed around 16,000 pounds.
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The bomb would lie in weight underground to be detonated remotely if any invasion took place.
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The problem with a bomb being underground and unattended is that a lot can go wrong.
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Detonation mechanisms could fail and refuse to detonate, or it could detonate prematurely like a bad date night.
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One particular concern was the preservation of the detonation mechanisms during the cold winter when the ground froze over.
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So what would be a suitable way to prevent a bomb from freezing?
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Well, you probably want some heat, but from what?
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Heated water?
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Eh, not practical.
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Electric heat?
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Eh, too dangerous.
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Wait, I've got it.
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Body heat.
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No, Ron, get off the bomb, put your clothes back on.
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Cool.
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I'm talking body heat from this.
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Yep, it was proposed
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that live chickens would be stuffed into the bombs to provide enough body heat to maintain operation during cold spells.
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They would be given a supply of food and water as they enjoyed their stay in the 5 star volatile vessel.
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In the end, only two of the 10 proposed bombs were ever built, but neither were ever detonated, and the project was scrapped after a few years of development.
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The Imperial Russian Navy was looking to revolutionize naval warfare in the 1870s.
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The basic premise is that the bigger the guns, the better the navy.
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Well, to have bigger guns, you need bigger ships, but when you build bigger ships, they could probably hold bigger guns.
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But then why not just build even bigger ships to hold even bigger guns?
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Well, it's not that simple.
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By design, ships are rather narrow, leaving weight distribution pretty limited in a geometric sense.
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So why not widen the ship to be more, I don't know, round?
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Surely that would solve the problem.
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No, that would just be a dumb design.
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But Imperial Russia didn't think so, and thus in 1874, many, many Russian rubles were put towards developing and building...
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The Novgorod.
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This absolute unit of a warship measured 101 feet in diameter and was protected with 12 inches of plated armor.
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Equipped with two 11-inch cannons, it was basically a fully strapped lily pad.
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Any good warship is fast with reliable steering.
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Was the Novgorod?
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Nope.
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By contrast, it was painfully slow and hard to steer.
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At top speed, the circular ship cut through the waves at a staggering 7.5 miles per hour.
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Slightly slower than the average male running speed, according to Google.
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And funny enough, with its circular design, recoil from cannon fire would often cause the ship to unintentionally rotate,
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slowing down any formidable suppressing fire in a warfare setting while the ship resets position.
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Not that it mattered too much because each cannon took 10 minutes to reload between shots.
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Despite her shortcomings, she participated in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877
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but was ultimately used for shoreline defense instead of active naval warfare.
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Her career was surprisingly long, lasting 29 years before being decommissioned and eventually sold for scrap.
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Even today, the Novgorod is regarded as one of the worst naval ships ever designed.
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The ship had many flaws, sure, but experimentation is how we improve as people.
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Or at least that's what they tell us.
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Ever have an annoying bug buzz in and out in front of your face
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so you try to get rid of it by blowing some air at it?
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Yeah, not very effective is it.
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And neither was the wind cannon.
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This 90 degree ass silly cylinder was almost one of the Nazi's Wunderwaffen or wonder weapons.
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Almost.
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It was a 3 foot diameter, 35 foot long cast iron cannon, and it worked like this.
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A bunch of hydrogen and oxygen would be compressed into the cylinder, and if you paid attention in any chemistry class, you'd know that hydrogen is very flammable,
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as the Hindenburg found out first hand.
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Oxygen, while not flammable, typically makes fire bigger, so if you compress the two gases together and ignite them, you're gonna end up making a big kablooey.
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All that air pressure needs somewhere to go, so it all rushes to the path of least resistance, which happens to be the end of this cannon tip here.
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It's essentially a giant potato gun, but instead of a potato, it's a giant air bullet.
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But how much harm could that really do?
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Well, during tests, the cannon was impressively able to destroy a stationary,
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one-inch thick board over 650 feet away.
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Sooo it didn't really do much.
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It proved even more useless against moving aircraft which fly several thousand feet high.
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You'd honestly have better luck just hucking rocks at the dang things.
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The cannon was only ever used in warfare once
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when it was installed on a bridge and it didn't yield any significant results, which is why it's in this video.
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Look at it.
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Look how dumb it is.
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Even the Soviets were in on the whole experimental weapons thing in World War II.
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Everyone was really out there trying new things and seeing what stuck.
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Take, for example, tanks.
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Tanks are good.
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They drive around on the ground and shoot shit, right?
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Well, what if they could also fly?
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No, no, no, not like an airplane.
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Well, actually, yes, like an airplane, but only to make it to the battlefield quickly to drive around on the ground and shoot shit.
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Previously, tanks were haphazardly airdropped with their crew dropped separately, and that's just too slow for warfare.
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Enter the Antonov A-40 Flying Tank.
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It's a tank strapped to a glider.
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The operating principle is that these bad boys would already have their crew aboard while a bigger plane does the heavy lifting.
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Once approaching the battlefield, the plane would just dump its load, releasing the glider to the ground below.
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Once landing safely, the wings could be dropped and the tank could ride right into the heat of battle.
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The tank used in the experiment was the Soviet T-60, a rather small light tank typically used for scouting.
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But despite being classified as a light tank, the thing still weighed almost 6 metric tons or just over 13,000 pounds.
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So it was far from light.
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But how is this thing gonna fly, you might ask?
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The answer is, not well.
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In order to lighten the load and reduce drag, the tank's secondary guns were removed.
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Headlights and peripherals were stripped, and ammo and fuel were kept to a minimum, rendering it almost useless.
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In the end, only one T-60 tank was ever equipped with the glider wings and dropped.
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When it was tested, the tank landed rather roughly, and 180'd back to base almost immediately.
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Those overseeing the project were all, Hmm, this tank cannot fly good.
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And the project was immediately abandoned.
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All right, there you have it.
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A bunch of us- Don't forget the gun.
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Wait, what?
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Oh yeah.
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Um, yeah, I've got one bonus for ya.
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Roll it!
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As an honorable mention, we have the Krumlauf, which will certainly make you lauf your ass off.
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This is a German weapon attachment used to theoretically shoot around corners, but would you be surprised if I told you it was extremely ineffective?
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The barrels would only get through a few hundred rounds before just destroying itself.
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Not to mention that the bullets would be shattered into fragments upon exiting this curved monstrosity.
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Imagine the last thing you see being a weird curved pipe
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coming around a corner before your melon just gets converted into jelly jammed by Hans' Looney Tunes ass gun.
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I'd be pretty irate.
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Not that my face could express it.
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Alright, now I'm done.
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But you're not done watching, so click here to watch more.
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I'll see you over there.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B2 построен на видео «These Dumb Weapons Actually Existed». Чаще всего повторяются слова: bomb, bat, tank, bigger, ship. В этом видео 162 предложений и 1822 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 10:44. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 170 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. Только 79% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| warfare существительное | /ˈwɔɹfɛɹ/ | веде́ние войны́ |
| detonate глагол | /ˈdɛtəneɪt/ | взрыва́ться, взорва́ться |
| glider существительное | /ˈɡlaɪdɚ/ | планёр |
| strap существительное | /stɹæp/ | реме́нь, ремешо́к |
| compress глагол | /ˈkɑmpɹɛs/ | сжима́ть, сжать |
| detonation существительное | /dɛtəˈneɪʃən/ | детона́ция, взрыв |
| flammable прилагательное | /ˈflæməbl̩/ | огнеопа́сный, легковоспламеня́ющийся |
| warship существительное | /ˈwɔɹˌʃɪp/ | вое́нный кора́бль |
| steer глагол | /stɪɹ/ | управля́ть, пра́вить рулём |
| render глагол | /ˈɹɛn.dɚ/ | вызвать, стать причиной |
| scrap существительное | /ˈskɹæp/ | кусо́чек, клочо́к |
| airplane существительное | /ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/ | самолёт, аэропла́н |
| battlefield существительное | /ˈbætəlˌfiːld/ | по́ле бо́я, по́ле би́твы |
| circular прилагательное | /ˈsɜɹ.kjə.ləɹ/ | кругово́й |
| hydrogen существительное | /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/ | водоро́д |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| come around глагол | /kʌ.məˈɹaʊnd/ | переду́мать |
| end up глагол | зака́нчиваться, зако́нчиться | |
| find out глагол | узнава́ть, узна́ть | |
| get off глагол | спуска́ться, спусти́ться | |
| roll over глагол | перевора́чиваться, перека́тываться | |
| slow down глагол | замедля́ть, заме́длить | |
| take over глагол | брать на себя́, взять на себя́ | |
| think up глагол | приду́мывать, приду́мать |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | are dragged · was equipped · was dropped |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | fast, which is · device, which was · results, which is |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 23 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например didn't, don't, gonna. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: detonation /dɛtəˈneɪʃən/, warship /ˈwɔɹˌʃɪp/, bombshell /ˈbɑmʃɛl/, decommission /diːkəˈmɪʃən/, experimentation /ɪkˌspɛɹ.ə.mənˈteɪ.ʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: detonation /dɛtəˈneɪʃən/, diameter /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/, decommission /diːkəˈmɪʃən/, experimentation /ɪkˌspɛɹ.ə.mənˈteɪ.ʃən/, haphazardly /hæpˈhæzɚdli/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: warfare /ˈwɔɹfɛɹ/, equip /ɪˈkwɪp/, warship /ˈwɔɹˌʃɪp/, weigh /weɪ/, squeeze /skwiːz/
- /h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/, haphazardly /hæpˈhæzɚdli/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: battlefield /ˈbætəlˌfiːld/, curve /kɚv/, conducive /kənˈdjuːsɪv/, reload /ɹiːˈləʊd/, revolutionize /ˌɹɛv.əˈl(j)u.ʃəˌnaɪz/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как warfare, detonate, glider.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.