ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: 18 Must-Know Legal English Words & Idioms
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In this lesson, I'm going to teach you 14 common legal English terms to give your professional English vocabulary a real boost.
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But first of all, what is legal English?
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Well, legal English is that specialized language that we use to talk about laws, rules and responsibilities.
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Terms like liability, non -disclosure agreement or breach of contract.
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At the end of the lesson, I'm also going to share some really useful idioms connected to rules
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and laws so make sure you stick around for
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that hi there i'm derek
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and this is english for professionals the best place to improve your english communication skills for work before
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we get started with the lesson
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i just want to tell you about my professional english phrase booster it contains over 300 phrases to help you with presentations,
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meetings, emails, projects, negotiations and more.
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And it's completely free for you to download.
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You'll find a link in the description below.
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And now let's get started with the lesson.
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So first up we have confidentiality agreement.
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Now that first word has a lot of syllables.
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It can be tricky to pronounce.
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Con -fi -den -chi -a -li -ti.
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Confidentiality agreement.
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And the confidentiality agreement is a contract that stops someone from sharing private information.
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Let's take a look at a couple of examples.
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New employees sign a confidentiality agreement to protect company secrets.
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Say it with me.
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New employees sign a confidentiality agreement to protect company secrets.
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Second example.
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The researcher signed a confidentiality agreement before starting the project.
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Say it with me.
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The researcher signed a confidentiality agreement before starting the project.
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You may also hear the term confidential information at times.
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This term is more general as it just means important private information that should not be shared with others.
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Take a moment to think about the types of confidential information you handle at work
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but don't worry I'm not going to ask you to share them with me.
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Next up we have liability.
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Liability, which means to be legally responsible for something like debts or damages.
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Understanding liability helps businesses manage potential risks, ensuring that they follow the law and protect themselves from financial harm.
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Our examples?
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By signing the contract, the supplier took on liability for any defects in the delivered goods, Say it with me.
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By signing the contract, the supplier took on liability for any defects in the delivered goods.
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Second example.
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To limit liability, the partnership agreement included specific terms about financial responsibility.
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To limit liability, the partnership agreement included specific terms about financial responsibility.
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The adjective liable is used to describe someone or something that is legally responsible for a particular situation.
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It often indicates potential legal obligations or risks.
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Examples.
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As a business owner, you are liable for any injuries caused by your products or services.
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As a business owner, you are liable for any injuries caused by your products or services.
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Second example.
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After the incident, the company was found liable for the environmental damage.
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After the incident, the company was found liable for the environmental damage.
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Being liable means you may have to compensate for damages or fulfill certain legal obligations.
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Understanding when and how you or your company could be liable is crucial for risk management and legal compliance.
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Next up we have compliance.
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Compliance which means following rules, laws or standards set up by governments, organizations or industries.
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Compliance ensures that a company or an individual behaves in a legal and ethical way.
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Our first example, the HR manager ensures compliance with labor laws.
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Say it with me.
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The HR manager ensures compliance with labor laws.
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This means that the HR manager makes sure the company follows the rules about working conditions, pay and employee rights.
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Our second example.
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The finance department checks for compliance with tax regulations.
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Say it with me.
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The finance department checks for compliance with tax regulations.
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Here, we mean that the finance department makes sure the company pays taxes correctly and follows the rules about financial reporting.
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Our next term is to follow protocol.
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Follow protocol, which means to follow set rules or procedures,
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especially those set up by a company or organization to ensure safety, consistency and compliance.
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First example, the IT specialist always follows protocol when installing new software.
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Say it with me.
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The IT specialist always follows protocol when installing new software.
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Second example, during emergencies it's crucial for the safety officer to follow protocol.
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Say it with me.
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During emergencies it's crucial for the safety officer to follow protocol.
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Next up we have NDA.
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NDA which means a non -disclosure agreement.
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Non -disclosure agreement.
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And this is a contract where someone promises to keep information private.
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Now you may be wondering how is this different from the first term we looked at.
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The confidentiality agreement.
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Well, they are essentially the same as both are legal contracts used to keep sensitive information private.
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The term NDA is often used for more specific business deals,
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while confidentiality agreements are more generally used in employment or company policies.
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Our first example.
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After the two companies discussed merging, they signed an NDA to keep their financial information secret.
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Say it with me.
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After the two companies discussed merging, they signed an NDA to keep their financial information secret.
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Second example.
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The supplier signed an NDA to prevent leaking new product details.
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Say it with me.
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The supplier signed an NDA to prevent leaking new product details.
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Can you think of a scenario in your job where you might need to use a non -disclosure agreement?
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If so, share it in the comments.
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The next term we're going to look at is breach of contract.
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Breach of contract, which basically means not doing what is agreed in a contract.
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A common example of a breach of contract is when a supplier fails to deliver goods on an agreed delivery date.
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For example, the supplier was fined for breach of contract for late delivery.
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Say it with me.
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The supplier was fined for breach of contract for late delivery.
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Second example, the employee's disclosure of company secrets was considered a breach of contract.
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Say it with me.
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The employee's disclosure of company secrets was considered a breach of contract.
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Next up we have dispute.
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Dispute.
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And this is a disagreement or argument between people or groups.
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For example, two employees could have a dispute on who should handle specific tasks.
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Or another example could be a company having a dispute with a supplier over the quality of delivered goods.
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The noun dispute is often used together with the verb resolve.
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For example, the mediator helped resolve the dispute between the two companies.
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Say it with me.
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The mediator helped resolve the dispute between the two companies second example the team members found themselves in a dispute
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but the team leader managed to resolve it the team members found themselves in a dispute
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but the team leader managed to resolve it
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next up we have fine print fine print
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and this is the small text in a contract that contains important information usually found at the bottom of the contract.
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It contains important information that you might not notice if you don't read it.
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We always say don't forget to read the fine print.
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Our first example always read the fine print before signing a lease.
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Say it with me always read the fine print before signing a lease.
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Second example the accountant checked the fine print for hidden fees.
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Say it with me the account and check the fine print for hidden fees.
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The next term we're going to look at is to sue someone.
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To sue someone and this means to take legal action against someone in court to seek compensation or to resolve a dispute.
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To seek compensation means to ask for money or something else to make up for losses or damages.
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Suing an individual or suing a company is often seen as a last resort when everything else has failed.
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For example, the company decided to sue their former employee for breach of contract.
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Say it with me.
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The company decided to sue their former employee for breach of contract.
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Or, the customer threatened to sue the manufacturer after their product caused an injury.
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The customer threatened to sue the manufacturer after their product caused an injury.
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Next up we have lawsuit.
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Lawsuit.
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And this is a legal case brought to court to resolve a dispute or claim between different parties.
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In law, parties means the people or groups involved in a legal case or agreement.
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Our first example, the company decided to carry out a lawsuit against the former employee for stealing.
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Say it with me, the company decided to carry out a lawsuit against the former employee for stealing.
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Second example, she won her lawsuit against the landlord for not fixing the plumbing issue in her shop.
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Say it with me, she won her lawsuit against the landlord for not fixing the plumbing issue in her shop.
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Our next term is legal proceedings.
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Legal proceedings.
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And this is the process of taking a case to court.
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This happens when there's a disagreement that can't be solved outside of court.
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For example, if a contract isn't followed or if there's a dispute over money,
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one party might start a legal proceeding to ask a judge to make a decision.
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Legal proceedings cover all activities involved in any legal case,
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including lawsuits, hearings, trials, negotiations and any other legal steps taken in order to resolve a legal matter.
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Our first example, the company prepared for legal proceedings over the patent dispute.
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Say it with me.
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The company prepared for legal proceedings over the patent dispute.
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Second example, legal proceedings can be costly and time -consuming.
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Legal proceedings can be costly and time -consuming.
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Next up we have whistleblower.
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Whistleblower.
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And this is a person who tells authorities about illegal or wrong actions happening in a company or organization.
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Our first example.
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For example, the whistleblower reported the company's illegal pollution practices to the environmental agency.
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Say it with me.
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The whistleblower reported the company's illegal pollution practices to the environmental agency.
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Second example.
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She became a whistleblower when she found out her company was lying about their finances.
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She became a whistleblower when she found out her company was lying about their finances.
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The next term we're going to look at is power of attorney.
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Power of attorney.
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And this is legal permission for someone to act on someone else's behalf.
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Example 1.
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She gave her lawyer power of attorney to manage her finances.
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Say it with me.
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She gave her lawyer power of attorney to manage her finances.
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Example 2.
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During his absence, the director granted power of attorney to his deputy.
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Say it with me.
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During his absence, the director granted power of attorney to his deputy.
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Next we have to void a contract.
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Void a contract, which means to cancel a contract so it has no legal effect.
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A contract might be voided when one party doesn't fulfill their obligation stated in the contract, when there's a mistake in the contract,
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or the contract is against the law or public policy.
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Our examples.
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The buyer decided to void the contract due to defects in the product.
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Say it with me.
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The buyer decided to void the contract due to defects in the product.
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Second example.
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You can void a contract if both parties agree.
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You can void a contract if both parties agree.
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Great.
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So, there we have 14 legal English terms to give your professional English vocabulary a boost.
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And now we're going to look at some really nice idioms connected to legal English.
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The first one is above board.
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Above board.
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And this means.. open honest
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and legal our business practices are above board to ensure full compliance with the law say
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it with me our business practices are above board to ensure full compliance with the law
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second example there's no need to worry the deal was completely above board say it with me there's no need to worry.
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The deal was completely above board.
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So the deal was honest and legal.
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Next we have by the book.
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By the book.
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And this means following the rules or official procedures exactly.
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The accountant made sure everything was done by the book to avoid any legal issues.
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Say it with me.
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The accountant made sure everything was done by the book to avoid any legal issues.
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Second example, our new boss wants us to do everything by the book.
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Say it with me, our new boss wants us to do everything by the book.
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Our next idiom is to be in hot water, to be in hot water and this means to be in trouble or in a difficult situation.
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The CEO found herself in hot water after the company's illegal activities were exposed.
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Say it with me.
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The CEO found herself in hot water after the company's illegal activities were exposed.
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Second example.
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The employee was in hot water for leaking confidential information to a competitor.
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Say it with me.
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The employee was in hot water for leaking confidential information to a competitor.
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Next we have to throw the book at someone.
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To throw the book at someone and this means to punish someone as hard as possible.
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The court decided to throw the book at the company for breaking multiple environmental laws.
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So the court punished the company as hard as possible.
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Second example.
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The CEO promised to throw the book at any employee caught leaking confidential information information.
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Say it with me.
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The CEO promised to throw the book at any employee caught leaking confidential information.
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So which terms or idioms did you already know and which ones were new for you?
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Make sure to leave a comment below and let me know.
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If you liked the lesson give it a thumbs up and watch one of these next.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “18 Must-Know Legal English Words & Idioms” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: example, contract, legal, agreement, term วิดีโอนี้มี 219 ประโยค และ 2328 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 17:45 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วสม่ำเสมอ ประมาณ 131 คำต่อนาที เหมาะกับการฝึกพูดตาม 83% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| dispute คำนาม | /dɪˈspjuːt/ | ความขัดแย้ง, การโต้เถียง |
| resolve คำกริยา | /ɹɪˈzɑlv/ | ตั้งมั่น, มุ่งมั่น |
| supplier คำนาม | /səˈplaɪə/ | ผู้ให้, ผู้ผลิต |
| proceedings คำนาม | /pɹəˈsiːd.ɪŋz/ | กระบวนพิจารณา |
| protocol คำนาม | /ˈpɹoʊtəˌkɑl/ | พิธีสาร |
| confidential คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˌkɔn.fɪˈdɛn.ʃəl/ | ลับเฉพาะ, ลับ |
| lesson คำนาม | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | บทเรียน |
| defect คำนาม | /ˈdiːfɛkt/ | ข้อบกพร่อง |
| accountant คำนาม | /əˈkaʊn.tənt/ | นักบัญชี |
| procedure คำนาม | /pɹəˈsiː.d͡ʒə/ | วิธี, กรรมวิธี |
| boost คำกริยา | /buːst/ | เพิ่ม, ส่งเสริม |
| steal คำกริยา | /stiːl/ | ขโมย, ลัก |
| connect คำกริยา | /kəˈnɛkt/ | เชื่อม, ต่อ |
| phrase คำนาม | /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ | วลี, ประโยค |
| specialist คำนาม | /ˈspɛʃəlɪst/ | ผู้เชี่ยวชาญ |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| carry out คำกริยา | /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ | กระทำ |
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | should not be shared · was found · is often used |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | Liability, which means · Compliance which means · protocol, which means |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 15 ครั้ง เช่น I'm, we're, don't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, ethical /ˈɛθɪkəl/, thumb /ˈθʌm/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/, confidential /ˌkɔn.fɪˈdɛn.ʃəl/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, obligation /ˌɑ.blɪˈɡeɪ.ʃn̩/, partnership /ˈpɑɹtnɚʃɪp/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: liability /laɪəˈbɪlɪti/, confidential /ˌkɔn.fɪˈdɛn.ʃəl/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/, compensation /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/, manufacturer /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: compliance /kəmˈplaɪ.əns/, breach /ˈbɹiːt͡ʃ/, resolve /ɹɪˈzɑlv/, proceedings /pɹəˈsiːd.ɪŋz/, liable /ˈlaɪ̯əbəl/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: resolve /ɹɪˈzɑlv/, void /vɔɪd/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, sensitive /ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/, solve /sɒlv/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: resolve /ɹɪˈzɑlv/, proceedings /pɹəˈsiːd.ɪŋz/, phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/, expose /ɪkˈspoʊz/, resort /ɹɪˈzɔɹt/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง dispute, resolve, supplier เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ