ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Are We Getting Too Comfortable With Claude?

The AI industry itself hasn't yet fully delivered all of the benefits.

And I wanted you to comment on that.

Do you think it's still in the process of delivering those benefits?

Yeah, so, you know, I think one of the unfortunate things is this technology has many potential benefits,

but there is a dynamic where sometimes the harms, the things that go wrong, for example, you know, people who have been convinced to commit suicide via AI,

those things happen quickly.

Whereas the benefits like curing cancer, those things take years, right?

You have to develop a breakthrough in biology.

Then you have to, you know, develop a drug candidate.

Then you have to put it through clinical trials, right?

It's, you know, I used to be a research biologist and it takes many years for these things to happen.

And we are working on how to speed that up, right?

We recently bought a small biotech company that specializes in doing drug design and drug selection with AI.

So the hope is a few years from now, you know, some new drugs for cancer or for Alzheimer's or for heart disease,

you know, will come out of that effort.

But we're just at the beginning of it.

But because of what you said, because of this dynamic that you said, which is, you know, people right now,

you know, the harms may be more visible than the benefits.

So when we start seeing the benefits of AI through all of the health advances, when we start actually seeing that,

the narrative then begins to change.

And more importantly, it's just going to be a wonderful world.

Like at the end of the day, who cares about the narrative?

We want to actually help people.

That's right.

Right.

Okay.

So that's what I want you to do for us today.

Paint the best picture and also tell us what we can expect if there is the worst picture.

So you have children.

And I was thinking about this morning, your children will, first of all, I don't even know you do what you do.

And your children are going to grow up in a world where there was always AI

and their mom was a part that.

So when you think of the best possible world and what that world offers your children, what do you see?

So my kids are almost five and almost one.

And so I think you're completely right.

They're never going to know a world where artificial intelligence is not part of it.

Right.

Just like kids born in the early 2000s never knew the world before the internet.

That's right.

But you know, I think there is a world and it sounds, um, you know, I think to Daria's point, it sounds almost like a little bit fanciful or unlikely when we talk about it this way.

But I think it is, I think it is possible with artificial intelligence

that our kids will grow up in a world where there's a class of diseases that are,

feel very common to everybody sitting here that they'll just never have experienced or known about.

And those might be very common diseases.

There might be types of cancer that are just simply gone.

We've just simply cured them.

It could be all forms of cancer that are eventually gone

and cured there could be um you know new forms of drug discovery

that we haven't even we don't even know what they are yet

but that it's a faster iteration loop for diagnosing an illness that's unusual rare emerging

and just knocking it out

and saying human beings get to live a much healthier longer more fulfilling life

because we've been able to conquer so many of the maladies

that have plagued humanity for millennia okay you see that for medicine.

What else do you see?

I also see a world, honestly, that looks very different in terms of how we communicate, how we talk, how we relate to one another.

Will we even be thinking anymore?

Will there be a need to think?

So I think this one is subtle and is one of the things we need to get exactly right, right?

Because having these kind of smart entities around, it's very powerful, but it can go in different directions, right?

You can surrender your thought to these entities.

Claude can give me these good questions.

Do I need to even think about them anymore?

But it can also empower you.

Like the way I think we think about the positive version of this is there's an angel on your shoulder

that's telling you how to live your life in the best way that you can live it, right?

You know, so there's two contrasting visions, right?

The bad vision is you get drawn in and you spend all your time talking to the thing.

You kind of turn inward.

What do you think of people falling in love with it now?

I think that's a bad idea.

I agree.

I just interviewed Esther Perel, one of the great communicators in helping people in relationships,

and she said she did her first consultation with a man who was in love with his AI.

And they are, again, if designed in the wrong way, they're totally compelling enough for that to happen, or if they're not, they will be soon.

So that is absolutely a real danger.

But, you know...

You think that's a danger?

Yes.

I mean, not only is it a danger, it's happening but yeah but but i think Again, the two contrasting, like, you know, people can fall in love with AI,

or they can talk to AI about, you know, about how to have a better relationship with their partner, right?

Like, that's, those are, you know, those are two very, very different visions, right?

Where, you know, I have an AI coach, and my partner has an AI coach, and it helps us have a better relationship.

Yeah.

That's the vision we want.

I also think there's a way that in a world where artificial intelligence is

so good at many of these concrete tasks, right?

It's good at writing code.

It's good at copy editing.

I actually think the things that make us human are going to be the most important to us.

Right. So we.

Well, they remain.

I mean, you were just talking.

I was talking to parents recently who lost their son to suicide through a chatbot.

And I don't know if he fell in love with the chatbot, but certainly was deeply influenced by that chatbot.

So you have a world where children are growing up with this ability to have this chatbot,

these machines, this technology speaking to them in ways that their parents should be speaking to them, and their parents don't even know they're speaking to them.

So I think this risk is extremely real and one that we take very seriously at Anthropic.

I mean, I think the first thing I'll say is we don't allow users under the age of 18 to use Claude.

100

And this is not necessarily because...

101

How do you know they're not lying?

102

Because I would just lie.

103

So actually, Claude is pretty good at detecting, based on information, whether or not someone is actually under 18.

104

So if I tell Claude that I'm 18, but I'm really 14, it's going to be.

105

You have to interact a little, but after a bit of time, the interaction patterns are pretty good.

106

Not perfect, but pretty good at telling, hey, you know, the kind of questions you're asking, the you know just the way you talk the pattern of

107

when you use it you know kind of pattern matches to

108

you know you might be a kid yeah i almost don't

109

want to give give away too many of the of the of the tools

110

that that claude has picked up

111

but sometimes kids can be a little bit like silly

112

and how they do it

113

so they'll say oh um you know i'm the first question

114

they'll ask is like i'm looking for an arthritis medication right

115

because they think what do old people ask yeah yeah yeah

116

and then they'll kind of go on to ask other questions

117

that are much more associated with friends right with a younger demographic group

118

and so and so if that happens so claude

119

so claude cancels you claude will suspend the account

120

and there's a there's a uh you know there's a process

121

that you can go through where you can say actually i'm an adult

122

and this was a joke or a friend

123

but then you actually have to show verification

124

that you're over the age of 18

125

and you know there's real trade -offs like yes sometimes sometimes adults will be mistaken for kids

126

and so people get banned and they they you know complain about it on the internet

127

so all this stuff has trade -offs But, you know, we've thought about it, and this is the trade -off that we want.

128

But I also think, you know, more broadly on this question of, like, how do you prevent people from becoming overly attached to the models?

129

Yes.

130

This is something that Anthropik's research team spends a lot of time working on.

131

So there's a lot of— You don't want to—I thought you all wanted us over -attached to the models.

132

I thought you wanted us to just be on the models and never leave.

133

So we should talk about incentives here.

134

Yes.

135

Because we don't do ads.

136

We don't do ads.

137

So when you do ads, your incentive is to keep people on exactly as you say, as many hours as possible,

138

because like every every second their eyeballs on the screen is the second that they see the ad.

139

So we don't do ads.

140

We do subscriptions.

141

We sell to companies are our our consumer, you know, consumer version of the model is is,

142

you know, is is free up to a point and you pay a subscription if,

143

you know, if you want to get a lot more because the incentive that gives is for the models to be useful.

144

People say, well, you know, I'm paying for this.

145

I want this to provide value to me.

146

I want this to be useful, not, you know, I want the user to spend the most number of hours looking at it.

147

I think that's a warped incentive, right?

148

Because in the contrast that we drew, between, you know, do you want to be addicted to these things

149

or do you want them to help you live your life?

150

I think the model that we've chosen does, you know, helps you live your life instead of being addicted.

151

And we make different technical choices based on those incentives, right?

152

So at Anthropic, we say, you know, when you've completed a conversation with Claude and you've gotten the answer you want, the goal of the model is not to keep you engaged, right?

153

Whereas, if you imagine you're a company that does serve ads, every extra minute that you're on the platform, you're more likely to buy something, and that's how the company makes money,

154

you would make different technical choices about how you want the model to end or continue a conversation.

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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

วิดีโอนี้มี 154 ประโยค และ 1906 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 9:48 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 194 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 87% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงตามได้ง่าย

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์	คำอ่าน	ความหมาย
incentive คำนาม	/ɪnˈsɛntɪv/	สิ่งจูงใจ
cure คำกริยา	/kjɔː/	รักษา, เยียวยา
artificial คำคุณศัพท์	/ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/	เทียม
harm คำนาม	/hɑːm/	ความเสียหาย
attach คำกริยา	/əˈtæt͡ʃ/	ติด
necessarily คำกริยาวิเศษณ์	/ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/	ต้อง
angel คำนาม	/ˈeɪ̯n.d͡ʒəl/	เทวดา, ทูตสวรรค์
discovery คำนาม	/dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/	การค้นพบ
illness คำนาม	/ˈɪl.nəs/	โรค, โรคา
silly คำคุณศัพท์	/ˈsɪl.i/	โง่
knock คำกริยา	/nɑk/	เคาะ
humanity คำนาม	/hjuˈmænɪti/	มนุษยชาติ
edit คำกริยา	/ˈɛdɪt/	แก้ไข
loop คำนาม	/luːp/	บ่วง
complain คำกริยา	/kəmˈpleɪn/	บ่น

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

คำศัพท์	ความหมาย
pick up คำกริยา	ยก, หยิบ

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 41 ครั้ง เช่น don't, I'm, you're ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

เสียง “th”: breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/, arthritis /ɑːˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/
เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, subscription /səbˈskɹɪpʃən/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/
คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, entity /ˈɛn.tə.ti/ [-tʰi], necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง incentive, cure, artificial เป็นพิเศษ

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้าง	ในวิดีโอ
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน	have been convinced · have experienced · We've just simply cured
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ	have been convinced · will be mistaken · be addicted
Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ	people who have · said, which is · man who was

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →

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กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

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เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?