ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Data Analysis Essentials in Excel

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Suppose you've received a large data set, it's unformatted and messy, and your manager is asking you some questions about it.

Hey, I have some doubts here.

Do you have a second?

So to answer his questions, we'll go over three essential data analysis skills, which are data cleaning, analysis, and data visualization.

So let's get into it.

Here's the Excel file, which you can download for free in the video description.

We need to make a few changes to the data set like suppose we want to merge the first

and the last name into one column we want to go ahead

and change the formatting of the sales persons here

so it's a bit more consistent

and a bunch of other things now the fastest way to do

that is using power query for that we're gonna head over to data

and under the data tab you'll see this get

and transform data area

and just click on from table slash range it should select the whole data set for us

and we'll just hit on okay there

and from here it's gonna load up the power query editor

this is really where we're gonna make all of the data cleaning changes

it's a lot faster than doing it using just excel

so the first step when cleaning data is to remove any duplicates

so under the order id

if there's more than one order id with the same number then it's probably a duplicate

so we can just right click on it

and hit on remove duplicates whenever we make a change it's going to be recorded under applied steps here

so you can always go back or you can even remove it

if you wanted to then for the dates they're currently formatted as numbers you can see over here

that it says whole number under date type so let's go ahead

and click on it and change that to a regular date

and you'll see that

that changes automatically to the normal date format then we said we wanted to merge the first name

and the last name

so select both columns by hitting the ctrl key we have both selected there

and then we just need to go to right click

and we'll go to merge columns from here we want a separator

which is just going to be the space sign for us

and we want to go ahead and call this something like names

and hit on okay and you'll see how we've been able to merge the first name

and the last in just a few clicks

if we keep scrolling through the data another thing

that stands out here is that the units have decimals so

if we're selling an item we should sell it in whole not a portion of it

so let's go ahead and switch this up by going over to transform

and from here you'll find the rounding under number column

and we want to go ahead and change

that to just rounding it up and you can see there

that we have the whole number one final thing

that we want to change is all of these salesperson column where they're not very well formatted

so we can head over to format under the transform ribbon as well

and first we want to go ahead and capitalize just each letter

so the first letter of a word like so

and we also want to trim these spaces

so we can go back under format and just click on trim now that's looking a lot better

now to go back to excel from here we just need to go over to the home tab

and then hit on close and load

and this is going to apply all the changes that we've made

so you can see here that it's created a new tab for us

and this time it has everything cleaned up we have the queries

and connections case we ever want to go back to it we can just right click

and hit on edit but we don't right now

so we'll just close out of

that later in the video we'll look at creating some awesome visuals but before

that let's get into the analysis section where our manager is

asking us some questions about the data hey thanks for cleaning up the data

if you don't mind can you summarize the revenue column

so here he's probably trying to understand what the average revenue is what the minimum

or maximum is and so on

so it's basically this whole revenue column here

now we can do this with individual formulas like the sum the average

and so on but there's a better way to do

that that's by going to the data ribbon

and then you'll find this data analysis option if you don't find

that just go over to right click

and click on customize the ribbon then head under add -ins

and you're going to want to select the analysis tool pack hit on go

and select it from here obviously I already have it for now so I'm just going to click inside of it

once we get this pop -up we want to head to an area called descriptive statistics

which is this one here

and hit on okay this is going to summarize all of our revenue data

so for the input range we want to select all our revenue numbers

so just ctrl shift down there

and then for the output let's say we just want it on top to the to the right here

so let's say i just put it on m2

And then I'm just going to put summary statistics.

That's going to give us all the information we want and hit on OK there.

And you can see that it's created this whole set of statistics from, hey, what's our main revenue?

What's our minimum, our maximum, the total revenue, the count and a ton of other useful data.

Awesome.

Thanks for putting this together.

Can you also show me the breakdown of revenue by salesperson?

We can do this by creating a pivot table

so just go ahead and select inside of the data go over to insert

and just click on pivot tables hit on okay there

and it's going to create a new tab where we can analyze

it then under pivot table fields let me just drag this along

so we can see it better we're gonna want to add the revenue

so that's gonna be over under values

and we're also going to add the salesperson that's gonna be under the rows

and now we have that full breakdown

but as you can see it's not really in order here

100

so we can right click on it go to sort

101

and sort largest to smallest

102

and it seems like anna has been the best performer for us thanks for

103

that now for our next marketing campaign we're trying to see

104

if we should target more of a male

105

or female audience do you have a breakdown for

106

that for this we can still use pivot tables

107

so let's go ahead and select this first one ctrl c to copy

108

and just paste it down below with ctrl v

109

and now we're gonna make all the changes

110

so this time instead of the salesperson and the rows we're gonna remove it

111

and let's add the gender in here

112

so we have the sum of revenue maybe we also want to see the units

113

so let's go ahead and drag

114

that in as well based on this you can see

115

that we should probably target females more as they're the bigger part of our audience

116

we can also get the proportion so the percentage here simply by right clicking on it

117

and then show values as a percentage of grand total

118

so with that you can see that we have 53 percent almost

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that are female relative to around 47

120

that are male this is great thanks a lot for your help awesome

121

we can pretty much get any information on our data using pivot tables

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but there's another ai tool that excel introduced

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so let's take a look at it we'll head over to the table here under table one

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and this time instead of going to pivot tables

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we're gonna go under the home ribbon all the way to the right where it says analyze data

126

so let's click on that it's basically gonna create a q a box

127

and within it we can ask anything

128

so before we did a pivot table to find the revenue by salesperson we can also ask it here

129

so revenue by salesperson hit enter there and you can see

130

that we get the exact same breakdown so that's an awesome ai tool

131

that you might find handy and

132

if you want to learn even more about data analysis you can check out our excel for business

133

and finance course using the link in the description below

134

we won't just go over data analysis though we'll also cover

135

formatting best practices shortcuts building awesome visuals dashboards creating large dynamic financial models

136

and much more and

137

if you get stuck along the way

138

you can always ask us the course instructors any questions in the discussions forum and

139

if you want more than just excel

140

we also have several other courses on power bi AI financial accounting corporate finance

141

and more if

142

that sounds interesting check out the link in the description below all right back to the video now

143

that we've cleaned up and analyzed the data let's look at how to visualize it

144

and one of the easier ways to do that is using conditional formatting

145

so you can see over here that we have the the breakdown

146

that we did earlier with the revenue by salesperson

147

and suppose we want to visualize these numbers over here a bit better we can go ahead

148

and select them and then just go over to conditional formatting under the home ribbon

149

and then we'll select the data bars let's say we go for a red one over here

150

and you can see how easily we can tell the proportions now

151

and just how much anna brought in in revenue another great visual for data analysis is a scatter plot

152

so over here we have the cleaned data set

153

and suppose we want to see if there's a relationship between age

154

and revenue maybe older people tend to spend more money

155

so let's go ahead and select both just by clicking on the h here

156

and hitting ctrl shift down arrow then we'll go back up

157

and for the revenue we want to keep hitting that control key

158

so we also have this selected and again ctrl shift down from here we'll go over under insert it.

159

and right in the center here under charts we're gonna want to select the scatter

160

so this one right over here to drag this back up just hit ctrl x

161

and then scroll up to the top

162

and let's say i put it over here to the side with ctrl v

163

so it does seem like there's a bit of a trend where the older

164

they are the more money they're spending we can look at

165

that closer with a trend line just by right clicking

166

and going to add trend line it does look upward sloping we can even go ahead

167

and add the display equation so that we can see the numbers more precisely

168

so here's the equation and basically what this is telling us is

169

that for every increase of one year in age revenue goes up by around 340 dollars

170

so overall it's fair to say

171

that the older they are the more

172

they're going to spend one final visual we'll look at is a box plot

173

which is great for finding outliers in the data

174

so over here let's suppose

175

that we just take the revenue by hitting ctrl shift down then we're gonna head over under insert again

176

and this time under the very center here we're gonna click on

177

that and go to the box

178

and whisker i realize this is a funny looking chart

179

so let's go over and explain what it's saying

180

so the line right here

181

which is quite small is the median the x is gonna be the average for us then these top

182

and bottom parts are the extremes and these two here are the quartiles the first

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and the third quartile and

184

if we had any outliers they would be showing us dots up over here

185

or down over here just to show you quickly let's say

186

i put another zero in here i'm just gonna put a huge number you can see

187

that it starts to show as an outlier there let me go back

188

so you can see this again for more on data analysis check out

189

this video over here going over five awesome data analysis tools

190

or take our excel course over here and i'll catch you in the next one

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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Data Analysis Essentials in Excel” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: revenue, click, ahead, select, analysis วิดีโอนี้มี 190 ประโยค และ 2200 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 11:51 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 186 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 89% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงตามได้ง่าย

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์	คำอ่าน	ความหมาย
select คำกริยา	/sɪˈlɛkt/	คัดเลือก
column คำนาม	/ˈkɒləm/	เสา
ribbon คำนาม	/ˈɹɪbən/	ริบบิ้น, โบ
dragon คำนาม	/ˈdɹæɡən/	มังกร, นาค
insert คำกริยา	/ɪnˈsɝt/	แทรก
analyze คำกริยา	/ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/	วิเคราะห์
query คำนาม	/ˈkwɪɹ.i/	สอบถาม
percentage คำนาม	/pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/	อัตราร้อยละ
chart คำนาม	/t͡ʃɑɹt/	ผัง, แผนผัง
equation คำนาม	/ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/	สมการ
scroll คำนาม	/skɹoʊl/	ม้วนกระดาษ
relative คำนาม	/ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/	ญาติ, ญาติพี่น้อง
formula คำนาม	/ˈfɔː.mjʊ.lə/	สูตร
output คำนาม	/ˈaʊtpʊt/	เอาท์พุต
introduce คำกริยา	/ˌɪntɹəˈdus/	แนะนำ

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

คำศัพท์	ความหมาย
go back คำกริยา	กลับไป

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 61 ครั้ง เช่น gonna, we're, we'll ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: proportion /pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/, equation /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/, conditional /kənˈdɪʃ.ə.nəl/, visualize /ˈvɪʒuəˌlaɪz/, dashboard /ˈdæʃˌboɹd/
คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: conditional /kənˈdɪʃ.ə.nəl/, capitalize /ˈkæpətəˌlaɪz/, separator /ˈsɛpəˌɹeɪtəɹ/, visualization /ˌvɪʒ.ʊ.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:

เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: excel /ɪkˈsɛl/, merge /mɝd͡ʒ/, analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, percentage /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/, columns /ˈkɑləmz/
/v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/, descriptive /dəˈskɹɪptɪv/, pivot /ˈpɪv.ɪt/, visualize /ˈvɪʒuəˌlaɪz/, visualization /ˌvɪʒ.ʊ.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
/z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, columns /ˈkɑləmz/, summarize /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/, visualize /ˈvɪʒuəˌlaɪz/, capitalize /ˈkæpətəˌlaɪz/

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เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง select, column, ribbon เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →

ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Data Analysis Essentials in Excel

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การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

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เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?