ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: How does modular construction impact costs?

เลือกโหมดฝึก

แต่ละโหมดจะเปิดห้องฝึกแบบเต็มจอ

15 ประโยค
หากประโยคสั้นหรือยาวเกินไป กดที่ Edit เพื่อปรับแก้
1
What we did was break down the value chain
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and understand where the sort of pluses and minuses across that
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that drive the change and what you can see is
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that there are clear opportunities to drive up to 20 % cost savings using best practice that's in play now
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but people are struggling to go for the fully productized design this these sophisticated aligned logistics scheme
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and this optimising materials in order to deliver all of the components of that that lead to that 20 % cost saving.
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I think the other thing is we identified this 20 % number as what can be achieved now.
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That also shouldn't be the barrier of what is achievable and if you start leveraging more vertical integration,
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more scale and higher levels of automation both in design and the processes of manufacture themselves,
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you should be able to deliver cost savings significantly greater than that as well.
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However there is also the case that if you don't get these things right
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and if you try and do bespoke construction in a manufacturing site or try
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and coordinate your factory in a construction mindset rather than a manufacturing mindset
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you see examples of people who end up with a regular premium on how much their products cost
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which is why they have often failed to scale into the markets.

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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson

This speaking lesson is built on the video “How does modular construction impact costs?”. This video has 15 sentences and 220 words to shadow. The speech runs for 1:16. The speaker talks at a natural 173 words per minute, close to everyday conversation. 86% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.

Key vocabulary in this video

15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:

WordPronunciationMeaning
mindset noun/ˈmaɪn(d)ˌsɛt/A way of thinking; an attitude or opinion, especially a habitual one.
premium noun/ˈpɹiː.miː.əm/A prize or award.
component noun/kəmˈpoʊ.nənt/A smaller, self-contained part of a larger entity. Often refers to a manufactured object that is part of a larger device.
integration noun/ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/The act or process of making whole or entire.
barrier noun/ˈbæɹi.ə/A structure that bars passage.
vertical adjective/ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəl/Standing, pointing, or moving straight up or down; parallel to the local direction of gravity; along the direction of a plumb line; perpendicular to something…
sophisticated adjectiveOf a person: having obtained worldly experience, and lacking naiveté; cosmopolitan, worldly-wise.
minus/ˈmaɪ.nəs/Made less or reduced by (followed by an expression of number or quantity).
leverage noun/ˈlɛv.(ə.)ɹɪd͡ʒ/A force compounded by means of a lever rotating around a pivot.
logistics noun/ləˈd͡ʒɪstɪks/The process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services and related information from their point of…
coordinate verb/koʊˈɔɹ.dəˌneɪt/To place in the same order or rank.
automation noun/ˌɔ.təˈmeɪ.ʃən/The act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls.
align verb/əˈlaɪn/To form a line; to fall into line.
achievable adjective/əˈt͡ʃivəbəl/Capable of being achieved, which either means possible or probable.
bespeak verb/bɪˈspiːk/To speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance.

Phrasal verbs you will hear

WordMeaning
break down verbTo stop functioning.

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้างในวิดีโอ
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบันhave often failed
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำcan be achieved
Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของpeople who end

Pronunciation to watch

  • The “sh” and “zh” sounds: integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/, automation /ˌɔ.təˈmeɪ.ʃən/
  • Long words — get the stress right: integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/, coordinate /koʊˈɔɹ.dəˌneɪt/, automation /ˌɔ.təˈmeɪ.ʃən/, achievable /əˈt͡ʃivəbəl/

How to practise with this video

  1. Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
  2. Start at 0.75× speed, shadow it sentence by sentence, then go back to normal speed once it feels easy.
  3. Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like mindset, premium, component.

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →