ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: I Self-Hosted for a Year... Here's What I'd Do Differently.

Almost a year ago, I was tired of constantly paying big tech companies money every single month

and embarked on the journey of self-hosting, opening the doors to a rabbit hole that's completely changed our life.

Now, thanks to super thorough guides online, self-hosting is more accessible than ever.

You don't have to have a degree in home networking and coding and Linux and whatever else to do it.

This is my home server that's completely replaced a ton of cloud services like Apple iCloud, movie and tv streaming services

and this is our work server that's on its way to replacing google drive

when we upgrade our internet

and this other little pc has our network wide ad blocker

on it anyways we have self-hosted a lot of different services

on a bunch of different machines is it all perfect absolutely not in fact there are

so many things that i wish i had known before doing any of this

so this video is for the me pre-self hosting

but also for any of you who are interested in getting started

but are overwhelmed or nervous about where it will all lead you

but it's worth it this video is sponsored by granola

which can come in real handy when writing down notes

while setting up your server it's an ai assisted notepad

that helps you put your notes to better use by actually giving you time to take action

but more on them later in the video the first lesson is one

that i wish i could apply to every part of my life since it could save

so much time and so much money and that's the self-host things

that you actually plan on using on the daily basis it's like how steam sales go live every year

and suddenly you're buying two thousand dollars worth of games for a measly 150 bucks

and fast forward another year

and well you played one of those games all the way

through that's what self-hosting can be like there are endless things

that you can run on your server in fact the list of free self-hosted projects alone has over 1500

listings and that's just the free stuff.

Just looking at it you're probably like let's replace everything in my life.

Why not right?

Sort of feels like if you don't self-host it then you're missing out

but the truth is hosting more things just makes your system way more complicated

and your unused apps just waste precious space and hardware you could have been using for something better.

And I learned this the hard way.

I tried replacing Google Drive, Google Docs, Sheets, Calendar, Reminders, Tasks, Spotify, Netflix

but the more stuff you host the more maintenance you have

to do just pick out three to five things you use

on a regular basis all the time that's costing you money

i made a list of all my recommended self-hosting software i would install

if i started over in another video but i'll link it down below

but that leads us into the second lesson

that i wish i knew before starting self-hosting

and that's to do decently thorough research and try out different softwares

and services before committing if you take movie

and tv hosting alone there's already three obvious options

that come to mind plex jellyfin and emby They all technically do the same thing, which is host your media and present them to you in a way that looks like a streaming service.

And it's probably easy to just pick one and commit, but behind the hood, there's differences between them that might make one better than the other.

Like how everything on Jellyfin is completely free and completely off the cloud.

You control all your data, including watching habits, logging info, but you have to tinker and finagle it a bit more.

Where MB and Plex have you create an account on their servers

and charge you a bit extra to watch your content remotely while offering you a more polished experience.

So do a bit of research before spinning something up.

And even after the research, just spin up some different things to test it out.

And speaking of research, if you're someone who absolutely loves playing around with servers, or you just love switch and click videos, we are hiring for writers on our channel.

Check out the details in the description below.

It's fun.

Which leads us to the third lesson.

And that is, there are multiple ways to do the same thing beyond just using different apps.

Take accessing your services when you're outside of your local network, for example.

If you want to listen to music on your server while you're driving on the go, there are super simple ways like installing tailscale on all your devices and VPNing into your device that way.

Or you can get a bit more complicated and set up a reverse proxy with a pretty domain name.

It's not that one way is actually better than the other, but more what are you willing to do and what features you really want.

When self-hosting, you'll need to do a lot of upfront research, like watching this video.

Sometimes though, looking through haphazardly taken notes after the fact can be just as confusing as going back to the sources

and starting all over again.

Wouldn't it just be great if you could ask your notes to find what information you're looking for?

Our sponsor, Granola, does just that.

It's like a note-taking app and an LOM had a baby.

A really smart baby that gleans insights from your notes that you hadn't even noticed before.

As an AI notepad, you can search through your notes using plain language prompts like

how did I set up my Jellyfin server using Docker instead of keyword searches.

And it's not just able to search your notes, but also analyze them.

I collected a bunch of comments from you guys in one of our videos and saved them to a granola note.

Then I made a custom recipe by tweaking a pre-configured one that comes with granola.

It checked for blind spots I may have regarding the topic in the comments.

Now I can consider those for food for thought for future videos.

It's not just useful for singular notes.

Imagine you want to find all your notes pertaining to a particular topic, like a summary of my pending video ideas.

In granola, it's searching for meaning and context.

It can find all my notes on that topic and create a quick list of all my unused video ideas.

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Another huge example is using Docker to spin up all your apps.

One is in the command line with flags.

Another is to use Docker Compose with a YAML file.

You can even use different apps like Portainer or Dockage

that manages all your Docker apps but in an easier and sort of fancier way.

And if this sounds like analysis paralysis, fear not, because you can always switch from one way to another.

If anything, you're learning a lot by trying out all the different ways.

And if some of this sounds super scary to you, there are lots of guides out there.

But if you're struggling a bit more than you'd like to, one of the ways I really enjoyed learning about Docker is through boot.dev.

Now, we do have an affiliate relationship with them, but they're basically gamifying the learning process of Linux, Docker, and a bunch of back-end coding programs like Python and JavaScript.

Also linked below.

But no matter which apps or services you end up committing, This next lesson is one I wish someone just yelled at me at the top of their lungs.

It will literally save your life and your server from so much headache.

And that's to write things down.

Whatever random Docker change you made to the original YAML file example you found online, write it down.

If you changed a folder or labeled something different, write it down.

There's a chance that you'll have to remake your apps and containers in the future.

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Just save yourself some time and write yourself a personal server manual.

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But that day will be in the very distant future so distant

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that you have long since forgotten what weird tinkering thing you did to get your thing to work in the first place.

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Which brings me to passwords.

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Write down your passwords, especially if you are changing them, which you should because you shouldn't use a default one.

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A password manager could come in handy.

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No, I'm not jumping into a sponsorship, but that would have been smart, huh?

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Some services come with passwords by default that you can change, but sometimes we get a bit lazy.

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Others have certain requirements that might be different than than the one you typically use, it would just greatly help a lot to keep a log at everything for reference.

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Speaking of things you wish you have, especially when things take a bad turn, this next lesson is one of the most important things that a lot of people understand,

110

but actually don't do themselves.

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And that's to have a real backup.

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You'll probably see this all the time, but RAID is not a backup.

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RAID are just disks arranged so that you can have some redundancy in them.

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You can have mirrors, where half your disks are just a copy of the other half.

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You can have RAID 5 where you lose a single drive and you can still restore your data.

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Now, I haven't had a drive fail personally, but I've heard the biggest problem with RAID is that when you make a server, you buy all the same drives from the same batch from the same factory,

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and this makes them the same age.

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So if you lose one drive, there's a large likelihood that another drive will go down while you're restoring it, which leads us to our backup.

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This is where the 3-2-1 rule comes in, which stands for three copies of your data, two different media platforms, and one copy is off-site.

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Now, looking at this, you're probably thinking, I can't afford that.

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And in these trying times, you might be right.

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Storage costs a lot.

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It's really precious.

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And if you only host the services you actually use, you can save a bunch of space.

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Say you have two servers, each with two 4TB drives that are mirrored.

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If it's about 150 per 4TB, you're looking at $600 worth of drives, along with whatever old laptop or computer you plan on using as the brain of your server.

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That would come out to be $1,000 for your main server, your backup server, and potentially an online long-term solution using something like Amazon Glacier,

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which lets you backup a lot of data for pretty cheap.

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But the catch is you can't access it often since it's long-term cold storage.

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But nevertheless, even with only four terabytes of usable data, that's a lot of movies, images, music, and shows.

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And when you're done with something, just get rid of it.

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Storage is precious.

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Don't hoard media for the sake of it.

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Keep what matters.

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If you don't want to store much media, then even a one terabyte old laptop can make a great server.

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Now the cost is relatively low.

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So the question would be, what are you wanting to do with your server?

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And is the data important enough you would need a backup for it because

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if it is then you'll have to consider the cost of

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the backup too speaking of expensive things there's more you have

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to spend than just your hard-earned cash money this is something i've learned throughout the past year and it's

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that a server takes a lot of time time to set

143

up tinker update maintain at times it might be the only thing on your mind especially

144

if you're working on an all-consuming problem like why is my

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new album not showing on my jellyfin The initial setup takes time to format your hard drive, spin up your apps.

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Then you have to take time out of your day to troubleshoot if something goes wrong.

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And chances are, something will go wrong.

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Even with the most in-depth guides and tutorials, there's going to be very specific things that happen to you because of your laptop or internet or network or whatever.

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Then you have to read a ton of forum posts and try all the potential solutions.

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It's not something I recommend if you're a super busy person, especially if you just want to go home from work, turn on a movie right away.

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I've had situations where I do just that and suddenly the NAS isn't connecting properly or the reverse proxy is broken.

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Now I just have to go into the pipeline and see where the things broke.

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One time, I swear, everything was fine.

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But the ISP just changed our public IP address, which broke the proxy.

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And I had no idea.

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There's no tech support.

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It's just you.

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This is even more painful when you have family members relying on you for your media.

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Yes, I'm talking to myself.

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You know it's tough when you can't get Bluey to work and your kid's screaming at you.

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Anyways, it's not as bad as it seems.

162

Self-hosting is super fun, and the best part is you can literally get started on any hardware.

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If it's a tiny Raspberry Pi from ages ago, they're a little expensive now, so it's not worth it.

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Or a super old Dell Optiplex you found on eBay.

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You can find old laptops, use PCs, whatever, for super cheap online, and they can be your initial home lab.

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You can use these more affordable devices as stepping stones to learn and gain experience.

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And when you feel like you really need an upgrade, then you can do that.

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And you definitely don't need a ton of storage right away.

169

Just one terabyte can get you started self-hosting plenty of services and store quite a bit of media too.

170

So if you've been interested in self-hosting and you still want to do it after knowing all these lessons, try it out.

171

We've made a ton of videos self-hosting different things on different computers.

172

And it's super fun and it is a worthwhile rabbit hole to go down.

173

So get out there.

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Enjoy self-hosting.

175

Peace out.

176

I hope you've been taking notes on self-hosting because it's a big topic.

177

And remember, if you want an AI notepad which works with you like a partner, check out Granola.

178

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New members get 100% off their first month.

✨ วิดีโอแนะนำ

76 ประโยค

คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “I Self-Hosted for a Year... Here's What I'd Do Differently” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: server, self, hosting, note, drive วิดีโอนี้มี 179 ประโยค และ 2506 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 11:37 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 216 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 84% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์	คำอ่าน	ความหมาย
password คำนาม	/ˈpæs.wɜɹd/	รหัสผ่าน, รหัส
terabyte คำนาม	/ˈtɛɹəˌbaɪt/	เทระไบต์
proxy คำนาม	/ˈpɹɑk.si/	ตัวแทน
thorough คำคุณศัพท์	/ˈθʌɹoʊ/	ละเอียด, ถี่ถ้วน
disk คำนาม	/dɪsk/	ดิสก์, จักร
rabbit คำนาม	/ˈɹæbɪt/	กระต่าย
configure คำกริยา	/kənˈfɪɡə(ɹ)/	ปรับแต่ง, ตั้งค่า
haphazardly คำกริยาวิเศษณ์	/hæpˈhæzɚdli/	สุ่มสี่สุ่มห้า
paralysis คำนาม	/pəˈɹæləsəs/	อัมพาต
folder คำนาม	/ˈfoʊldɚ/	โฟลเดอร์
analyze คำกริยา	/ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/	วิเคราะห์
yell คำกริยา	/jɛl/	ตะโกน
consume คำกริยา	/kənˈsum/	อุปโภค, ใช้
headache คำนาม	/ˈhɛdeɪk/	ปวดหัว
container คำนาม	/kənˈteɪ.nəɹ/	บรรจุภัณฑ์, หีบห่อ

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

คำศัพท์	ความหมาย
try out คำกริยา	ลอง

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้าง	ในวิดีโอ
ประโยคเงื่อนไข if + อนุประโยค, will/would + กริยา — เงื่อนไขและผลลัพธ์	if it is then you'll have
Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่	have been using · you've been taking
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน	I've heard · i've learned · you've been interested
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ	are overwhelmed · is sponsored · are mirrored

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 45 ครั้ง เช่น you're, don't, you'll ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

เสียง “th”: thorough /ˈθʌɹoʊ/, worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/
คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: haphazardly /hæpˈhæzɚdli/, paralysis /pəˈɹæləsəs/, redundancy /ɹɪˈdʌndən(t)si/, affiliate /əˈfɪl.i.eɪt/, technically /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/

เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:

เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: anyways /ˈɛn.iˌweɪz/, install /ɪnˈstɔl/, finagle /fɪˈneɪ.ɡəl/, paralysis /pəˈɹæləsəs/, usable /ˈjuː.zə.bəl/
/z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: unused /ʌnˈjuzd/, anyways /ˈɛn.iˌweɪz/, haphazardly /hæpˈhæzɚdli/, measly /ˈmizli/, usable /ˈjuː.zə.bəl/
/r/ กับ /l/ — แยกให้ชัด: granola /ɡɹəˈnoʊlə/, paralysis /pəˈɹæləsəs/, troubleshoot /ˈtɹʌbl̩ˌʃuːt/, worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/, remotely /ɹɪˈmoʊtli/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง password, terabyte, proxy เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →

ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: I Self-Hosted for a Year... Here's What I'd Do Differently.

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