Shadowing Practice: Lake Victoria - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Lake Victoria Lake Victoria is the second largest freshwater lake in the world by area,
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the largest in Africa and the largest tropical lake in the world.
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It has an area of 68 ,870 square kilometers.
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The construction of the Owen Falls Dam on the Nile in 1949 and 1954 resulted in a rise of 1100.
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135 meter above sea level the depth of the deepest point
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in the lake is 82 meter lake victoria is one of
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the african great lakes it is overlooked by three countries kenya oganda
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and tanzania the lake also includes about 3 000 islands some of
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which have become a destination for many tourists the white nile
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river stems from the lake the arab traveler al -idrisi was the first to speak about
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AD who lived an accurate map of the lake.
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The lake was named after explorer John Henning's peak in his report counting the first British to document it.
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The peak accomplished this in 1858 while on an expedition with Richard Francis Burton to locate the source of denial.
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This campaign was sponsored
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by the royal geographical society with an area of about 59
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974 kilometers lake victoria is the largest lake on africa by area the largest tropical lake in the world
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and the second largest in the world for fresh water after
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lake superior in north america in terms of volume lake victoria is the 9th largest continental lake in the world
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and contains about 2 ,424 cubic kilometers of water.
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Lake Victoria occupies a shallow depression in Africa.
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The maximum depth of the lake is between 80 and 84 meters,
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262 and 276 feet, and the average depth is 40 meters, 130 feet.
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Its catchment area covers
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The lake has a coastline of 7142 km wind digitized at the Wanmalil level
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and the islands make up more than 3 % of this length.
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The area of the lake is divided into three countries: Kenya occupies 6%, Uganda 45 % and Tanzania 49%.
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The lake includes many spaces of fish that don't live anywhere else, especially tilapia and indigo perch.
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Geologically speaking, Lake Victoria is relatively young with an age of about 400 ,000 years formed
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when waste flowing rivers were blocked by a rising crystal mass during its geological history.
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Lake Victoria has undergone changes, ranging from its current shallow depression to what may be a series of much smaller lakes.
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Geological cores taken from the bottom of Lake Victoria show
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that Lake Victoria has dried up completely at least three times since its formation.
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It is possible that these drying cycles are related to past ice ages, which were times when precipitation decreased globally.
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Lake Victoria last dried up about...
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70 ,300 years ago and refiled 40 ,700 years ago with the onset of the African White Age.
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The Nile River is the only river flowing from Lake Victoria as it exists the lake near Jinja, Uganda.
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In terms of contributing water, this is what makes Lake Victoria the main source of the longest branch of the Nile.
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However, the more distant source of the Nile Basin and thus the ultimate source of the Nile,
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As one of the branch rivers of the Kagera River, the exact tributary remains indetermined,
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which originates either in Rwanda or Burundi.
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The upper part of the Nile is generally known as the Victoria River until the reaches Lake Albert,
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although it is part of the same river system now as the White Nile and is sometimes referred to as such.
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Strictly speaking, these names do not apply to it until after the river crosses the the Ogandan border into southern Sudan in the north.
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Recently, the lake has become showing eutrophication conditions in the period in 1990 and 1991.
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Concentrations in the mixed layer were higher than in 19,
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16 and 61, with continuous supersaturation of oxygen in surface water.
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Oxygen concentration in low moving water that is the layer of water that lies below the
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1990 and 91 for a longer period than 1960 and 61 with values less than 1 mg per liter.
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Occurs in waters as shallow as 40 meters compared to the largest event over 50 meters.
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In 1961 changes in oxygenation are consistent with measurements of the high algal biomass and productivity.
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These changes rose for various reasons successive burning within its Bajan, soot, and ash deposited over the vast lake area.
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From the increased nutrient flows through the rivers, and from the increased pollution associated with settling along their shores.
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Many species of mammals live in the Lake Victoria region, and some are closely related to the lake itself and nearby wealth lands.
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Among these are the epipotamos, the African otter, the mongos, the marsh, the redback boar, the divaza waterbog, the cane rats,
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and the giant African otter.
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The Williams Moo Turtle is restricted to Lake Victoria and other lakes, rivers and swamps in the Upper Nile Bashing.
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Lake Victoria is a transisperance of a large number of migratory birds.
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But it's also a living environment.
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for a large number of resident spices in the dense Swamps.
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Many animals find shelter and food.
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This place is home to Abu Markoub Rex which feeds on fish,
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amphibians and turtles and is currently classified as an endangered spices.
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You can find what's tiled and also several types of cormorants,
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the great cormorant, carbo and African cormorant as well as various types of herons in the wooded savannah that surrounded the lake,
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we can observe the Senegalese Kingfisher, a very colorful bird that belong to the same family as Kingfisher's.
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Near the shore we can sometimes see a Dima of worms or barbicans or a black bird with a severed throat.
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Since the 20th century, Lake Victoria ferries have been an important mode of transportation between Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya.
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The major ports of the lake are Kizomo, Mwanza, Makuba, Enti, Pilport and Jinja.
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Until 1963, the fastest and most modern ferry, the MV Victoria, was classified as a Royal Maleship.
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In 1966, trained ferry services between Kenya and Tanzania were established with the introduction Boro and Umoja.
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The equal record for transportation in the lake is the sinking of the Bokuya Ferry there on May 21,
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1996, killing between 800 and 1 ,000 people, making it one of the worst marine disasters in Africa.
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Another tragedy occurred recently on September 20, 2018, involving
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pull Wikitube, the first audiovisual encyclopedia in the English version.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu C1 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “Lake Victoria” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: lake, victoria, river, nile, largest. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 74 cümle ve 1021 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 8:31 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 120 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin yalnızca %74’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| ferry isim | /ˈfɛɹi/ | araba vapuru, vapur |
| meter isim | /ˈmitəɹ/ | metre |
| cormorant isim | /ˈkɔɹməɹənt/ | karabatak |
| shallow sıfat | /ˈʃæloʊ/ | sığ |
| otter isim | /ˈɑtɚ/ | su samuru, lutr |
| metre isim | /ˈmiːtəɹ/ | metre |
| swamp isim | /ˈswɑmp/ | bataklık, batak |
| spice isim | /spaɪs/ | baharat |
| amphibian isim | /æmˈfɪbɪən/ | iki yaşamlı, amfibi |
| audiovisual sıfat | /ˌɔ.di.oʊˈvɪ.ʒu.əl/ | görsel-işitsel |
| biomass isim | /ˈbaɪoʊˌmæs/ | biyokütle |
| catchment isim | /ˈkɛt͡ʃmənt/ | havza |
| eutrophication isim | ötrofikasyon | |
| indigo isim | /ˈɪndɪˌɡoʊ/ | indigo, çivit mavisi |
| mammal isim | /ˈmæməl/ | memeli, memeli hayvan |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| dry up fiil | kurumak |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | is overlooked · was named · was sponsored |
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | have become · has undergone · has dried |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: shallow /ˈʃæloʊ/, audiovisual /ˌɔ.di.oʊˈvɪ.ʒu.əl/, freshwater /ˈfɹɛʃˌwɔːtə(ɹ)/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, marsh /mɑɹʃ/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: geological /ˌd͡ʒi.əˈlɑdʒ.ɪk.əl/, audiovisual /ˌɔ.di.oʊˈvɪ.ʒu.əl/, originate /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪneɪt/, tributary /ˈtɹɪbjʊtəɹi/, encyclopedia /ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpidi.ə/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: swamp /ˈswɑmp/, freshwater /ˈfɹɛʃˌwɔːtə(ɹ)/, worm /wɝm/
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: classify /ˈklæs.əˌfaɪ/, swamp /ˈswɑmp/, spice /spaɪs/, traveller /ˈtɹævəlɚ/, tributary /ˈtɹɪbjʊtəɹi/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: shallow /ˈʃæloʊ/, classify /ˈklæs.əˌfaɪ/, amphibian /æmˈfɪbɪən/, biomass /ˈbaɪoʊˌmæs/, mammal /ˈmæməl/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; ferry, meter, cormorant gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.