Pratique du Shadowing: Lake Victoria - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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74 phrases
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Lake Victoria Lake Victoria is the second largest freshwater lake in the world by area,
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the largest in Africa and the largest tropical lake in the world.
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It has an area of 68 ,870 square kilometers.
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The construction of the Owen Falls Dam on the Nile in 1949 and 1954 resulted in a rise of 1100.
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135 meter above sea level the depth of the deepest point
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in the lake is 82 meter lake victoria is one of
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the african great lakes it is overlooked by three countries kenya oganda
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and tanzania the lake also includes about 3 000 islands some of
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which have become a destination for many tourists the white nile
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river stems from the lake the arab traveler al -idrisi was the first to speak about
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AD who lived an accurate map of the lake.
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The lake was named after explorer John Henning's peak in his report counting the first British to document it.
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The peak accomplished this in 1858 while on an expedition with Richard Francis Burton to locate the source of denial.
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This campaign was sponsored
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by the royal geographical society with an area of about 59
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974 kilometers lake victoria is the largest lake on africa by area the largest tropical lake in the world
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and the second largest in the world for fresh water after
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lake superior in north america in terms of volume lake victoria is the 9th largest continental lake in the world
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and contains about 2 ,424 cubic kilometers of water.
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Lake Victoria occupies a shallow depression in Africa.
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The maximum depth of the lake is between 80 and 84 meters,
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262 and 276 feet, and the average depth is 40 meters, 130 feet.
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Its catchment area covers
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The lake has a coastline of 7142 km wind digitized at the Wanmalil level
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and the islands make up more than 3 % of this length.
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The area of the lake is divided into three countries: Kenya occupies 6%, Uganda 45 % and Tanzania 49%.
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The lake includes many spaces of fish that don't live anywhere else, especially tilapia and indigo perch.
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Geologically speaking, Lake Victoria is relatively young with an age of about 400 ,000 years formed
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when waste flowing rivers were blocked by a rising crystal mass during its geological history.
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Lake Victoria has undergone changes, ranging from its current shallow depression to what may be a series of much smaller lakes.
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Geological cores taken from the bottom of Lake Victoria show
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that Lake Victoria has dried up completely at least three times since its formation.
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It is possible that these drying cycles are related to past ice ages, which were times when precipitation decreased globally.
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Lake Victoria last dried up about...
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70 ,300 years ago and refiled 40 ,700 years ago with the onset of the African White Age.
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The Nile River is the only river flowing from Lake Victoria as it exists the lake near Jinja, Uganda.
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In terms of contributing water, this is what makes Lake Victoria the main source of the longest branch of the Nile.
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However, the more distant source of the Nile Basin and thus the ultimate source of the Nile,
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As one of the branch rivers of the Kagera River, the exact tributary remains indetermined,
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which originates either in Rwanda or Burundi.
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The upper part of the Nile is generally known as the Victoria River until the reaches Lake Albert,
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although it is part of the same river system now as the White Nile and is sometimes referred to as such.
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Strictly speaking, these names do not apply to it until after the river crosses the the Ogandan border into southern Sudan in the north.
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Recently, the lake has become showing eutrophication conditions in the period in 1990 and 1991.
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Concentrations in the mixed layer were higher than in 19,
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16 and 61, with continuous supersaturation of oxygen in surface water.
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Oxygen concentration in low moving water that is the layer of water that lies below the
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1990 and 91 for a longer period than 1960 and 61 with values less than 1 mg per liter.
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Occurs in waters as shallow as 40 meters compared to the largest event over 50 meters.
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In 1961 changes in oxygenation are consistent with measurements of the high algal biomass and productivity.
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These changes rose for various reasons successive burning within its Bajan, soot, and ash deposited over the vast lake area.
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From the increased nutrient flows through the rivers, and from the increased pollution associated with settling along their shores.
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Many species of mammals live in the Lake Victoria region, and some are closely related to the lake itself and nearby wealth lands.
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Among these are the epipotamos, the African otter, the mongos, the marsh, the redback boar, the divaza waterbog, the cane rats,
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and the giant African otter.
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The Williams Moo Turtle is restricted to Lake Victoria and other lakes, rivers and swamps in the Upper Nile Bashing.
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Lake Victoria is a transisperance of a large number of migratory birds.
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But it's also a living environment.
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for a large number of resident spices in the dense Swamps.
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Many animals find shelter and food.
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This place is home to Abu Markoub Rex which feeds on fish,
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amphibians and turtles and is currently classified as an endangered spices.
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You can find what's tiled and also several types of cormorants,
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the great cormorant, carbo and African cormorant as well as various types of herons in the wooded savannah that surrounded the lake,
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we can observe the Senegalese Kingfisher, a very colorful bird that belong to the same family as Kingfisher's.
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Near the shore we can sometimes see a Dima of worms or barbicans or a black bird with a severed throat.
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Since the 20th century, Lake Victoria ferries have been an important mode of transportation between Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya.
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The major ports of the lake are Kizomo, Mwanza, Makuba, Enti, Pilport and Jinja.
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Until 1963, the fastest and most modern ferry, the MV Victoria, was classified as a Royal Maleship.
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In 1966, trained ferry services between Kenya and Tanzania were established with the introduction Boro and Umoja.
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The equal record for transportation in the lake is the sinking of the Bokuya Ferry there on May 21,
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1996, killing between 800 and 1 ,000 people, making it one of the worst marine disasters in Africa.
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Another tragedy occurred recently on September 20, 2018, involving
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Lake Victoria ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : lake, victoria, river, nile, largest. Cette vidéo contient 74 phrases et 1021 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 8:31. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 120 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 74 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| ferry nom | /ˈfɛɹi/ | bac, ferry |
| meter nom | /ˈmitəɹ/ | mètre, compteur |
| cormorant nom | /ˈkɔɹməɹənt/ | cormoran |
| shallow adjectif | /ˈʃæloʊ/ | peu profond, superficiel |
| classify verbe | /ˈklæs.əˌfaɪ/ | classifier |
| otter nom | /ˈɑtɚ/ | loutre |
| metre nom | /ˈmiːtəɹ/ | mètre |
| swamp nom | /ˈswɑmp/ | marécage, marais |
| occupy verbe | /ˈɑkjəpaɪ/ | occuper |
| spice nom | /spaɪs/ | épices |
| amphibian nom | /æmˈfɪbɪən/ | amphibien, batracien |
| audiovisual adjectif | /ˌɔ.di.oʊˈvɪ.ʒu.əl/ | audiovisuel |
| barbican nom | /ˈbɑɹbɪkən/ | barbacane |
| biomass nom | /ˈbaɪoʊˌmæs/ | biomasse |
| digitize verbe | /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪtaɪz/ | numériser, digitaliser |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| make up verbe | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | constituer, composer |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is overlooked · was named · was sponsored |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | have become · has undergone · has dried |
Prononciation à surveiller
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: shallow /ˈʃæloʊ/, audiovisual /ˌɔ.di.oʊˈvɪ.ʒu.əl/, freshwater /ˈfɹɛʃˌwɔːtə(ɹ)/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, marsh /mɑɹʃ/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: geological /ˌd͡ʒi.əˈlɑdʒ.ɪk.əl/, audiovisual /ˌɔ.di.oʊˈvɪ.ʒu.əl/, originate /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪneɪt/, tributary /ˈtɹɪbjʊtəɹi/, encyclopedia /ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpidi.ə/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: geological /ˌd͡ʒi.əˈlɑdʒ.ɪk.əl/, catchment /ˈkɛt͡ʃmənt/, digitize /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪtaɪz/, originate /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪneɪt/, geographical /d͡ʒiəˈɡɹæfɪkl̩/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: ferry /ˈfɛɹi/, meter /ˈmitəɹ/, cormorant /ˈkɔɹməɹənt/, metre /ˈmiːtəɹ/, barbican /ˈbɑɹbɪkən/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme ferry, meter, cormorant.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.