Shadowing Practice: Tiger! | Scorched Earth | Full Documentary - Learn English Speaking with Video
Bir pratik modu seçin
Her mod tam ekran bir pratik odası açar.
328 cümleler
Cümleler çok kısa veya çok uzun ise, ayarlamak için Düzenle'ye tıklayın.
1
The armored might of Hitler's Wehrmacht will be forever associated with its most famous tank,
2
the Panzerkampfwagen VI, better known to a fearful world as the Tiger.
3
More than half a century later, the still hulks of these metal masters silently mark time in the Tank Museum at Bovington in Dorset, England.
4
The Tiger
5
But it is not too difficult to roll back the years
6
and conjure up the image of this terrible instrument of destruction in its prime.
7
Like its namesake, the tiger was a rare beast, and in its field it was every bit as deadly, a hunter and killer of unmatched ferocity.
8
I'm sorry.
9
The End In the wake of Germany's bitter defeat in the Great War of 1914 to 1918,
10
The victorious Allies imposed a series of draconian restrictions on the vanquished foe, designed to prevent Germany from developing armed forces worthy of the name.
11
One of the chief restrictions was to prevent Germany from developing or acquiring any form of battle tank.
12
Initially, the treaty worked.
13
In 1935, only four years before the outbreak of World War II, Germany still didn't possess a tank force.
14
In the space of ten short years, German tank technology would progress from the lightweight and inefficient Panzer I to the Panzer VI,
15
and onto the development of the Maus, the prototype Panzer VII, which would have been the largest and heaviest armored tank in the history of warfare.
16
The evil sorcerer who conjured up this energy for the mercurial transformation of the German tank arm, from a weak force of lightly armed two-man machines,
17
to the menacing panzer divisions equipped with the King Tiger was
18
the same man who also was to plunge the world into total war.
19
He was Adolf Hitler.
20
It was Hitler who provided the impetus to develop the tanks of Germany's Wehrmacht.
21
To huge popular acclaim in Germany, in 1935 he cast aside the terms of Versailles and began to re-equip the country.
22
In defiance of the Allies, Hitler began the development of both a tank force, and also a viable air force.
23
His stance was totally uncompromising and overtly expansionist.
24
In doing so, he took an enormous risk.
25
In order to enforce the Versailles Treaty, Britain and France would have been well within in their rights to take military action against Hitler.
26
In 1935, Germany would have been in no state to resist.
27
But Hitler was a gambler, and he gambled upon bluffing his enemies into believing his forces were far stronger than they actually were.
28
By doing so, he bought time while his generals desperately built up the real strength of his armies, ready for the day when war would come again.
29
To continue the deception, a number of tricks were perfected.
30
To impress foreign dignitaries, the tanks leading the parade would be driven round by a secret route to join the end of the colony
31
and come round again, thus doubling the numbers.
32
Hitler was successful in bluffing his enemies, but he also bluffed his friends.
33
He had promised the generals that a major war in Europe would not come until 1942 at the earliest.
34
In fact, Hitler actually precipitated the Second World War with his invasion of Poland in 1939,
35
three years before the complete armament of the forces destined for the fight were due to be available.
36
The German generals were able to provide a quick
37
and complete victory for Hitler with the successful invasion of Poland in September 1939.
38
In addition to Hitler's armies, the Poles were simultaneously attacked by Stalin's Red Army, so the contest was short and conclusive, but it was still a victory.
39
The next campaign would be much more of a gamble.
40
Hitler turned his gaze to the invasion of France, and his generals grew nervous.
41
They knew that this time there would surely be no repeat of the victory won in Poland.
42
Hitler's combination of political brinkmanship and calculated gambles had disguised the fact
43
that the German army at this time could deploy only 2,000 tanks.
44
The Allies could count on 4,500.
45
The popular view of the Wehrmacht of 1939 is an armored juggernaut, but in fact, most of its armies still marched on foot.
46
In 1939, German cavalry regiments were still deployed, and played an active role in the field.
47
The bulk of the army's transport was not even motorized.
48
It was still horse-drawn.
49
Not surprisingly, news crews chose to focus on the new and glamorous armored formations with their high propaganda value.
50
Archive footage of horse-drawn artillery and the long lines of men slogging along on foot is much rarer.
51
But these were the men who formed the bulk of the German army, and they still marched to battle as their grandfathers had done.
52
If the Wehrmacht hoped to defeat the French and British, they would have to defeat 4,000 French and 500 British tanks.
53
Not only were their numbers inferior, but many of the tanks deployed by the Germans were of limited fighting value.
54
The main offender in this respect was the tiny Panzer I light tank.
55
The Panzer I tank seen here in Bovington was small and lightly armoured.
56
This particular machine is a turretless command version.
57
These frontline fighting machines only carried two men, and were very lightly armed and equipped with just two machine guns.
58
Even though the shortcomings of the Panzer I had been cruelly exposed in Poland, some 520 machines still had to be engaged for the coming invasion of France.
59
There was no alternative.
60
The other mainstay of the Panzer Force in 1940 was Panzer II, a slight improvement on the flimsy Panzer I, but not much.
61
It was a three-man machine and had the added benefit of a 38-millimeter gun.
62
Despite its lack of armor and seriously limited firepower, it provided some 40% of the total Wehrmacht tank strength in 1940.
63
Hundreds of these machines were deployed for the assault on France.
64
of far greater military value was the Panzer III then one
65
of the best tanks in the world by the standards of
66
the later war years it had a comparatively weak main gun
67
but in 1940 it was more than adequate the main problem with the Panzer III was the fact
68
that it was only a in very small numbers.
69
Only 349 were available for the French campaign.
70
In even shorter supply was the excellent Panzer IV.
71
The The
72
bulk of the remaining machines were the Czech made Panzer 38T, of which some 400 were deployed.
73
The Panzer 38 was to provide a reliable and efficient tank for the early stage of the war.
74
Taken together with the Mark III and IV, the breakdown of forces meant Hitler's army deployed a total of 1,500 light tanks and 900 medium and heavy,
75
far too high a proportion of light tanks for the liking of the German general staff.
76
The questionable force was to meet and defeat some 4,500 Allied tanks.
77
Including the excellent Char B and the sturdy British Matilda, seen here at Bovington, both of these tanks were the equal of anything the Germans possessed.
78
But as the history books testify, Hitler was to triumph as completely in France as he had done in Poland.
79
He did so for two reasons.
80
Firstly, there were the poor French and British tactics.
81
The French tanks in particular were distributed in small contingents throughout the army, while the German tanks were concentrated in the new panzer divisions,
82
superbly led by able commanders.
83
It was these new panzer divisions which really gave the edge to the Wehrmacht.
84
The Germans concentrated all of their tanks into the hard-hitting panzer divisions, which were the only divisions in the whole army to be equipped with tanks.
85
The panzer divisions themselves could be grouped together to form panzer corps, Panzer Corps, which could achieve a massive local superiority at the point of decision on the battlefield.
86
The local superiority allowed the attacking German armored divisions to punch through the defensive line on a very narrow frontage,
87
and then stream forward to take objectives deep in the rear, leaving support infantry to mop up.
88
Tanks and motorized inventory would be supported by a devastating aerial bombardment by Stuka dive bombers, the division's own mobile artillery.
89
This was the essence of the new German concept of Blitzkrieg, the Lightning War.
90
It was this combination of efficient battlefield tactics and inspired leadership which made the difference for Hitler.
91
It also prevailed in the conquest of the Balkans and Greece in 1941.
92
But from these new victories, several false conclusions were drawn.
93
The chief of these was the German belief that their tanks were the best in the world.
94
Consequently, there was no urgent need for the development of new, heavier types of tanks.
95
This arrogant attitude was to lead to a shock from which Germany would never recover.
96
That shock was to be delivered in Russia.
97
When Hitler ordered the conquest of Russia in the summer of 1941, confidence among the Panzer force was at an all-time high.
98
The initial assault on the Soviet Union proceeded according to plan, and the mighty German army swept all before.
99
As always, the panzer divisions were well to the fore.
100
Despite the understandable cockiness of the German high command, some of the lessons from earlier campaigns had been absorbed, and the makeup of the tank force
101
which shook Stalin to the core had a much higher proportion of Mark III and Mark IV and Panzer 38T tanks.
102
This trend illustrated the steadily increasing reliance on heavier armor, which was to continue throughout the war.
103
Despite being outnumbered by a factor of 4 to 1, the German tanks at first swept all before them.
104
Initially the tanks met only older and obsolete Russian armor, which the Panzer 3's and Panzer 4's had little trouble dealing with.
105
It was just as well, because the Wehrmacht was about to meet with a very nasty surprise.
106
After a few weeks of the campaign, the German forces suddenly encountered two of the new Russian tanks, which were to change the course of the war.
107
The first was the T-34.
108
Far better armed and equipped than the German Mark IV, and also better equipped to deal with the extreme Russian weather conditions.
109
Its wide tracks made it equally at home in the dry, mud and snow.
110
In addition, the sloping armour presented an angled front to German fire, designed to cause shells to glance off the armour.
111
The T-34 was to become the real nemesis of the German army.
112
It was built for mass assembly, and the crude welding lines can be clearly seen.
113
It was no beauty, but it was tough.
114
Ultimately some 90,000 would be built.
115
The T-34s
116
Although the Germans would devise better tanks, they could never hope to compete in terms of the sheer numbers of T-34s which were produced.
117
It was by no means the best tank to emerge from World War II, but it was more than adequate for the task,
118
and the huge numbers manufactured would ultimately tip the balance of the whole war.
119
The other new Russian tank which the Germans now encountered was the heavy KV-1,
120
a 46-ton with superior heavy armour and a vicious 76mm gun, capable of destroying any German tank from most ranges on the battlefield.
121
The German High Command of guns.
122
A new heavy tank was needed urgently,
123
but it wouldn't be available for at least a year. To compound matters,
124
mistaken assessments based on experience in France had led to even
125
the heaviest German tank being equipped with the short-barrelled 75mm gun seen here at Bovington.
126
These short-barrelled weapons made the tanks easy to manoeuvre, but deprived the gun of the missile velocity and penetrating power which a larger barrel produced.
127
While Germany scrambled to produce the new heavy tanks, the Mark IVs were urgently re-equipped with long-barrelled 75mm guns,
128
and given extra welded skirts as protection against the new Russian weapons.
129
Measures like these helped to keep up the momentum of the German advance in 1942,
130
but the panzer divisions were increasingly hard pressed by the increasing numbers of T-34s and KV-1s.
131
Only the deadly 88mm anti-tank gun was really equal to the task of destroying the hordes of T-34s.
132
What the Germans needed was a tank big enough to have such a gun.
133
The experience of tank ace Hermann Bix was typical of the desperate straits German tank commanders found themselves in from 1942.
134
Bix saw a dozen of his shells bounce off this KV-1, even at the closest ranges.
135
Eventually, he managed to silence the steel monster as it swung its turret to take aim against him
136
by the expedient of a well-aimed shot deliberately fired through the barrel of his opponent's gun.
137
Men like Vicks were part of a new breed of German
138
tank commanders who achieved incredible victories against superior forces now armed with better equipment.
139
Rudolf von Ribbentrop, son of Germany's foreign minister, was another celebrated tank commander during this difficult time.
140
Due to the efforts of Bix, von Ribbentrop and others, the German momentum continued.
141
It took them to the gates of Leningrad in the north, into the Caucasus in the south, and to the very gates of the infamous city of Stalingrad.
142
But by October 1942, they could advance no further.
143
The Lines of supply were desperately overextended, and the tanks were worn out by the thousands of miles they had traveled,
144
and the climatic conditions which turned from dust to mud to snow, taking their toll on the engines.
145
They were never given adequate time for repair and maintenance.
146
Despite their robust appearance, tanks are quite delicate machines, which are not designed to travel long distances on their tracks.
147
They need very frequent repairs and constant attention.
148
By 1942, crucial shortages of spare parts had developed.
149
For example, the lack of air filters to extract the summer dust from the air sucked into engines
150
led to worn out pistons and massive extra oil consumption, which in turn placed a strain on fuel supplies.
151
German lines of supply stretched 2,000 miles all the way back to Berlin, and every single item of spares had to be carried to the front,
152
across Russia's limited rail network, exposed to the privations of partisans.
153
All the time, the Red Army's armada of T-34s was growing ominously.
154
New Russian tank armies were coming into being, and in November 1942, the storm broke.
155
The new Russian offensive swept behind the German lines in the south, and surrounded and destroyed the 6th Army at Stalingrad.
156
The sheer number of Russian tanks staggered the Germans, who desperately needed an answer.
157
In the winter of 1942, the answer to their prayers was finally ready for delivery.
158
The first time I was in the war was to be a war for delivering.
159
The Panzerkampfwagen VI, or the Tiger, had been developed in 1940 and 1941,
160
too late to benefit from all of the lessons of the Russian war.
161
So it had the uncompromisingly flat armor at the front, which didn't deflect shots away from the vehicle.
162
But it was so very heavily armored that it wasn't a major problem.
163
In fact, the Tiger was almost impervious to most Russian guns at all but the closest ranges, and it carried the deadly 88mm gun,
164
then the best weapon on the battlefield.
165
The gunner of the Tiger lined his target up on the middle triangle of his gunsight, as the motorized turret effortlessly swung the gun into position.
166
The maker's manual proclaimed that the 88mm gun was 100% accurate at ranges of up to 1,000 meters.
167
On the battlefield, the Tiger soon proved its deadly efficiency.
168
But there were never enough machines to equip all of the panzer divisions, so the Tigers were organized into special heavy tank battalions,
169
called Schwer Abdullans, which could be rushed from place to place on the hard-pressed front, wherever they were most desperately needed.
170
Each battalion of heavy tanks consisted of 17 machines organized into a command troop of three tanks, a company troop of two tanks,
171
and three Zug, or sections, of four tanks each.
172
The highly efficient Nazi propaganda trumpeted the arrival of the Tiger, and for once, the results justified it.
173
The training manual
174
which dealt with the Tiger was very specific on the subject of how they were to be employed in battle.
175
The terrific firepower, strong armor,
176
high cross-country ability and high overrunning power are the characteristics of the heavy Panzerkampfwagen in the Tiger Company.
177
They enable the company to attack in the first wave against strong defenses, to destroy heavy enemy tanks and other armored targets already at long ranges,
178
ranges, to decisively defeat the enemy defenses, to break through positions reinforced by defensive works.
179
As a rule, the Tigers were to be employed in separate heavy panzer battalions,
180
in order to quickly break enemy resistance and penetrate defenses by means of their concentrated fire superiority and strong armor protection.
181
There were two main offensive formations.
182
The Kyle Formation for attacking on a narrow front, and the Bright Kyle for attacking on a broad front.
183
The main targets for the Tiger were listed in order of priority.
184
Firstly, armored targets and bunker embrasures, were to be attacked using armor-piercing shells.
185
And secondly, prepared defenses, anti-tank guns, artillery positions, and massed inventory targets,
186
which were to be attacked with high explosive shells.
187
The manual pointed out that the unmistakable noise of the Tiger's engine traveled long distances, especially at night.
188
Care needed to be taken therefore with the wind direction and the location of assembly areas, which, in order to preserve the element of surprise,
189
were to be as far distant from the front as possible.
190
All German teachings stressed that the most important task of the Tiger companies was the engagement of enemy tanks,
191
as the excellent combination of the 88mm gun and strong armour, matched by reasonably high manoeuvrability,
192
made the Tiger the strongest combat weapon available to the Wehrmacht.
193
The Tiger was therefore a powerful and decisive point weapon.
194
Its strength was best utilized in concentrated and ruthlessly conducted attacks.
195
Spreading the tanks too thinly reduced the striking power of the group.
196
On the rare occasions when the Tiger was to be used in defensive operation, positions were always prepared to maximize its effectiveness.
197
In combat, the Tigers were to be sent into action at the crisis points of the battle, where their presence would be decisive.
198
All other weapons were merely there to support the heavy tanks and the tasks allocated to them.
199
From experience of combat, the tactics which proved most successful were to engage the enemy with fire from lighter tanks,
200
while the Tigers launched a flank or surprise attack, using their superiority and firepower against the enemy tank's weakest points.
201
During battles in built-up areas, it was stressed that the Tiger was not to be sent into house-to-house fighting
202
because of its vulnerability to infantry at close quarters.
203
There was also the protruding gun, which could cause the tank to get stuck in narrow streets.
204
The tactics worked.
205
Although only 80 Tigers had been delivered by the end of January 1943, already they were credited with over 400 kills.
206
The Allies grew nervous, but so far no Tiger had been captured.
207
That situation was to change early in 1943, when British forces fighting in Tunisia knocked out and captured this machine,
208
which is now housed in the Tank Museum at Rovington.
209
The Every
210
inch of the Tiger was studied, and a very concerned study team presented these extracts.
211
The tank provides a very stable gun platform for either head-on or broadside stationary firing.
212
During the firing trials, a target was engaged at 1100 yards.
213
Correction was given to the gunner for the first round, after which he fired a further five rounds, and secured five consecutive hits.
214
The gun appeared to be remarkably consistent.
215
The highest timed rate of fire during these limited trials was four rounds in just 39 seconds.
216
This tank has a higher rate of fire than our own heavy gun tanks.
217
Five rounds were also fired at a target moving at 15 miles an hour range 1500 yards.
218
Three hits were scored.
219
A target at one mile distance was engaged, and a hit was obtained with the fourth round.
220
The study revealed that the design had been well thought out, and embodied a number of distinctly original features, especially the heavy armament and armor, turret and hull construction.
221
It was noted that the Panzerkampfwagen VI, with its heavy armor, dual-purpose armament and fighting ability, was basically an excellent tank,
222
and constituted a considerable advance on any Allied tank.
223
The study revealed its only real weakness was the limits imposed on mobility due to its weight, width, and limited range of action,
224
and concluded that the Tiger all round presented a very formidable fighting machine, which could not be underrated.
225
There was more bad news for the Allies.
226
In tandem with the Tiger, the German armaments industry had also been developing a new medium tank to match the T-34.
227
Although they would not admit it, many of the features of the new Panzer Kampfwagen 5, or Panther, were copied directly from the T-34.
228
The Panther had the same sloping armour, wide tracks and even a similar 75mm gun.
229
Once the Panther had overcome its initial teething problems, it would prove itself the best medium tank of the war.
230
It was a far better vehicle than the T-34, but again the problem of short supply remained.
231
It was never to be available in the quantities which the war in the east demanded.
232
Although 6,000 would be built, that was never enough, as the numbers destroyed always kept pace with supply.
233
It has been estimated that from May 1944 until the end of the war,
234
on any given day an average of only 400 tanks were available for action in the entire German army.
235
With this tremendous disparity in numbers, it has been estimated
236
that the German tank divisions would have had to destroy ten Russian tanks for every one of their own which was lost.
237
In fact, by the end of the war, it is estimated that four Russian tanks were destroyed for every German tank,
238
and indeed, the figure was more like ten in the case of the Tiger.
239
Even on the Western Front, where the Allied tanks enjoyed a similar advantage to the Russians, Three Allied tanks were being destroyed for every German machine lost.
240
It is interesting to note that only a small proportion of Tiger tanks were actually destroyed by Allied tanks.
241
The vast majority either fell victim to Allied fighter bombers, or had to be abandoned and destroyed by their crews when they experienced mechanical difficulties,
242
or more frequently, ran out of fuel.
243
From 1944, the Allied bomber campaigns were really beginning to bite, and the shortage of fuel was killing the panzer formations as effectively as the Allied armies.
244
Before they were swept away, Small groups of Tigers performed heroically.
245
One man will always be associated with the Tiger.
246
He was Michael Wittmann of the 1st SS Panzer Division.
247
Wittmann was responsible for a huge number of Allied tank kills.
248
By June 1944, Wittmann and his Tiger had been responsible for more than 130 Russian tanks
249
when they were transferred to the Western Front.
250
It was there that one of the most famous tank actions of the war took place.
251
On June 13th, 1944, Michael Wittmann encountered the leading elements of the British 7th Armoured Division.
252
With the practical eye of an experienced veteran, Wittmann noted that the column was locked into a single road.
253
He therefore destroyed the last vehicle in the column, just as quickly the first, effectively trapping the entire column.
254
Slamming his vehicle into action, Wittmann methodically moved down the line, destroying 17 tanks and 8 other vehicles.
255
All of this destruction was achieved by one Tiger, handled with deadly efficiency.
256
Despite actions like these, the Tigers were still being destroyed as fast as they were delivered
257
and Wittmann himself fell in action in August 1944, his machine totally destroyed.
258
Such losses were simply unsustainable.
259
By 1944, despite the pressures of the Allied bombing raids, some 20,000 German armoured fighting vehicles were manufactured.
260
But battlefield losses were running at some 23,000 machines.
261
So the number of tanks available at the front line actually
262
fell during 1944 to a point where the bulk of Germany's
263
armoured force had been severely ground down by the early months of 1945.
264
During 1944 on average there were never more than 70 Tigers
265
available for action at any given time on the whole of the Russian front.
266
The remaining machines were either under short or long term repair.
267
It was this tiny force which forged a legend.
268
On the Western Front, a similar situation prevailed.
269
Average battle readiness was only 65 machines on any given day.
270
The The
271
bulk of the German armor was trapped and surrounded by superior forces in these streets.
272
The Allies by now enjoyed total air supremacy, and the Allied Air Force had a field day destroying the retreating German columns.
273
The second panzer division was destroyed by the second panzer division.
274
A daring thrust by the second panzer division broke the encirclement and relieved the pressure.
275
But the bridges were down and the retreating panzers could not withdraw over the Seine.
276
Most had to be abandoned or blown up.
277
By August 1944, not one single Tiger was left operational in France.
278
The high rate of attrition on their armoured force caused the Germans to cast around desperately for a solution.
279
One successful expedient was to dispose with the turret of the tanks, to produce turretless vehicles with less flexibility, but with the same firepower.
280
They were also easier and quicker to manufacture.
281
Three could be made for every two tanks.
282
These tank killers were known by the German name, Yadpanther.
283
By this stage of the war, German armour was fighting almost exclusively defensive battles, for which the Yadpanzers were perfectly suited.
284
They could lie in wait, firing from fixed positions.
285
The Yad Panther shown here is from the Imperial War Museum.
286
It has had the side removed, to permit the public to view the inside, but the sense of military efficiency still remains.
287
The on
288
the battlefield.
289
But only 470 of these machines were ever manufactured, never enough to seriously affect the tidal wave of armor now encroaching Germany on every side.
290
But the Tiger and Tiger B still made a large impact in the closing months of the war.
291
So much so that General Eisenhower requested a special study of the Tiger in action.
292
Drawn exclusively from eyewitnesses, it made for depressing reading for the Allies, as this selection of quotes confirms.
293
It is my opinion that the Tiger enemy tank is far superior in maneuverability to our own Sherman tanks.
294
The higher muzzle velocity of the German tanks enables them to far outrange our Shermans.
295
I have seen them knock our tanks out at ranges up to 1,000 yards, and know of no incident where a Sherman tank has knocked out a Panther
296
or a Tiger tank at more than 300 yards range.
297
It is my opinion that the vast majority of Panther and Tiger tanks knocked out have been destroyed by air support, abandoned, or as a direct result of air attack.
298
On the other hand, 85% of the tanks we have lost have been due to enemy tanks and anti-tank guns.
299
Seldom have I seen a shot ricochet from a Sherman tank.
300
However, often our armor-piercing shells have glanced harmlessly off the Tiger's front slope and turrets.
301
The heavy armor plate of the Panther and the Tiger enables them to turn our shot.
302
but our armor is easily pierced by their more powerful guns.
303
Our tank guns, both 75mm and 76mm, haven't the penetrating power that the German tanks have.
304
At El Boeuf, during August 1944, our armor-piercing shells bounced off a Tiger at point-blank range while we were on a roadblock.
305
One day a Tiger Royal tank got within 150 yards of my tank and knocked me out.
306
Five of our tanks opened up on him from ranges of 200 to 600 yards
307
and got five or six hits on the front of the Tiger.
308
They all just glanced off and the Tiger backed off and got away.
309
I saw four Tigers 1,800 yards away and fired upon them.
310
I hit them in their right side about 15 times with armor-piercing ammunition, but saw all of them hit and bounce off.
311
We were ordered to engage a column of six Tigers.
312
Each time one of the armor-piercing shells hit the tanks, you could see them ricocheting two and three hundred feet into the air.
313
The Russians were less gloomy.
314
They seemed to have had better success, even against the Tiger II, as this report declares.
315
The Germans have built up great hopes by the production of their new heavy Tiger B Panzer, which they believe to be invulnerable.
316
When our anti-tank units open fire, the King Tigers deploy, turn their front to face the enemy, and open fire to the short forts.
317
But the Tiger B has many vulnerable points, and many negative characteristics that increase its vulnerability.
318
as we have seen from combat experience it has been destroyed by the T-34.
319
The Tiger B was the largest practical tank to see action in the Panzer Division.
320
Already its huge size was giving enormous difficulty in negotiating narrow roads and moving across bridges, few of which could carry its huge weight.
321
It also needed huge stocks of the vital fuel supplies which Germany could no longer provide.
322
In 1945 when the war ended, Germany was developing the super heavy Panzer 7,
323
a huge metal monster, massively armoured and sporting a huge main gun.
324
It was never to see action, and only four prototypes were built.
325
But it seemed
326
that the crazed minds of the Third Reich would never give up the quest to be the best and the biggest, whatever the cost.
327
But as the humble T-34 had proved, it's not just size that matters.
328
Thank you.
Uygulamayı İndir
Akıcı konuşmak için ihtiyacınız olan her şey
AI TelaffuzHer cümleyi puanla
IPA AlıştırmasıHer sesi ustalaştır
Kelime BilgisiKelime bankanızı oluşturun
Kelime OyunuOynarken öğrenin
Aynı Kanal
FOR YOU
Video Öner
C1408 cümleler
World War 2 Explained in 31 Minutes
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
52 cümleler
Explained All Bulls | Real & Mythical Bulls Comparison 🐂
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
285 cümleler
Driving Every V10 Ever Made: The History of the World's Best-Sounding Engine — Jason Cammisa ICONS
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2107 cümleler
M26 Pershing vs T34-85
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C156 cümleler
The Death of the Russian Army 1917 (WW1 Documentary)
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
23 cümleler
No Peace Amongst the Stars | Warhammer 40,000 Official Cinematic Trailer
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
81 cümleler
Terracotta Warriors 0816
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
361 cümleler
The Men Who Murdered Himmler? New Documents Reveal MI5 Present When Himmler Died!
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C12
560 cümleler
The Most Dangerous Woman in Science Says We Got the Dinosaur Extinction Totally Wrong
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
190 cümleler
This True Story Will Change How You See Reality - Robert Greene
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
162 cümleler
Why Attacking a Sleeping Roman Army Was a Death Trap
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
115 cümleler
Why nobody stopped the Rwandan genocide
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: tank, tiger, German, panzer, gun. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 328 cümle ve 4994 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 47:41 sürüyor. Konuşmacı yavaş konuşuyor, dakikada yaklaşık 105 kelime; her sesi taklit etmek için zamanınız var. Kelimelerin yalnızca %76’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| armor isim | /ˈɑːɹ.mɚ/ | zırh |
| equip fiil | /ɪˈkwɪp/ | donatmak |
| battlefield isim | /ˈbætəlˌfiːld/ | savaş meydanı, savaş alanı |
| pierce fiil | /pɪɹs/ | deldirmek |
| superiority isim | /sʊˌpɪə(ɹ).iˈɒ.ɹɪ.ti/ | üstünlük, rüçhan |
| sweep fiil | /swiːp/ | süpürmek |
| artillery isim | /ɑɹˈtɪləɹi/ | topçuluk |
| abandon fiil | /əˈbæn.dən/ | bırakmak |
| adequate sıfat | /ˈæd.ə.kwɪt/ | yeterli, uygun |
| penetrate fiil | /ˈpɛnɪtɹeɪt/ | sokmak |
| bluff isim | /blʌf/ | blöf |
| vulnerability isim | /ˌvʌln(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/ | yaralanabilirlik |
| firstly zarf | /ˈfɜɹstli/ | ilk, önce |
| restriction isim | /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/ | kısıtlama, sınırlama |
| conquest isim | /ˈkɑnkwɛst/ | fetih, istila |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| blow up fiil | havaya uçurmak, havaya uçmak |
| keep up fiil | ayak uydurmak, yetişmek |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | were perfected · would be driven · were simultaneously attacked |
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | has been estimated · has had · have seen |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | man who also · men who formed · divisions, which were |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı didn't, haven't, I'm gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 6 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: restriction /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/, sheer /ʃɪɚ/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: desperately /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət.li/, superiority /sʊˌpɪə(ɹ).iˈɒ.ɹɪ.ti/, artillery /ɑɹˈtɪləɹi/, expedient /ɪkˈspiːdi.ənt/, vulnerability /ˌvʌln(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: equip /ɪˈkwɪp/, sweep /swiːp/, adequate /ˈæd.ə.kwɪt/, conquest /ˈkɑnkwɛst/
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: sweep /swiːp/, sloping /ˈsloʊpɪŋ/, prevail /pɹɪˈveɪl/, bluff /blʌf/, troop /tɹup/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: panzer /ˈpæntsə(ɹ)/, battlefield /ˈbætəlˌfiːld/, abandon /əˈbæn.dən/, adequate /ˈæd.ə.kwɪt/, battalion /bəˈtæl.jən/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; armor, equip, battlefield gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.