Shadowing Practice: what is a database index? - Learn English Speaking with Video
Ders oluşturuluyor...
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we really need to talk about what do we mean by
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an index very quick we added this concept of indexes
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because of a problem
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that we have in database systems you see we have regardless
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of the way you store your data whether it's a relational table of columns and rows or documents or blob storage
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this data is huge in your table you're going to have millions
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and millions of rows in your documents you're going to have thousands
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and thousands of documents in your blob stores you're going to
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have these content these blob pictures videos whatever contiguous one of the other
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but searching becomes interesting
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because how do you find something in this pile of stuff you get a scan one by one
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these million rows or thousands of document or tens
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and thousands of these blob images which is obviously not ideal
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because you have to loop one by one
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and you have to visit apparently work with millions of rows to find what you're looking for
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so so smart people found a way to eliminate working with millions of millions of rows
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and instead work with as few
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or rows as possible to find exactly what we're looking for
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the the best solution to search billions of rows is to
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avoid searching billions of rows right that's that's the best solution
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so the trick here is to take shortcuts so indexes was well born
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and there are many many types of indexes
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that helps you you know find exactly what you're looking for
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or at least narrow the search not exactly gives you one io or one cost bigger of one not necessarily
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but it helps you you know narrow
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that search that's the goal of an index
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so regardless of the type of it is a b3 b
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plus tree you know uh jest tree generalized search tree
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or brand the goal is just let me work with as let me eliminate things
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that is absolutely doesn't contain my results right just like concept of a bloom filter
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so that's an index so i have an index
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and you search this index so you still need to search
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but it's a much much much smaller data structure compared to the millions of rows
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that you have on your actual data blob store documents right
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usually you keep we call this area the heap right the heap is a data structure where you just dump everything
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ram it's just a dumping ground index is an optimized data structure
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that helps you pick what column in your document
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or on your row on your table and exactly index
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that column and the goal is to give you give you a row sets right a sets of rows
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that are candidate
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that may give you the results after you search the index
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you get a list of candidate results right could be one
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or could be more you still in most situations you still
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need to go to jump to the heap to the big table
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which contains actual data and fetch the content
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because the index will only have one column
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or two right the heap will have everything in it
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so you jump back but the index tells you exactly where to jump
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and that is the trick here the index tells you hey jump to page 179
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and pull row 73 in that page it tells you exactly
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that right now it depends on the database the database is
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sometimes does an additional filtering upon fetching the row itself
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because there are situations where the row might have been deleted
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but the index wasn't updated and and we need to see
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if i'm supposed to see this row or not
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so whether whether you're in a multi-version currency control or not so this is an index Cool.
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Sounds like a good data structure, right?
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Beautiful.
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Let's always add an index.
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Why not?
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But careful with that.
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What did we say?
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We said that the index gives you a candidate rows so
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that you go to the table and fetch exactly what you want.
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Right?
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Cool.
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Keep that in mind.
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Okay.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 68 cümle ve 696 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 5:12 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 134 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin %87’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığını takip etmek kolay.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodan daha az kullanılan 14 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
- column /ˈkɒləm/ (isim) — kolon, sütun. A solid upright structure designed usually to support a larger structure above it, such as a roof or horizontal beam, but sometimes for decoration.
- database /ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/ (isim) — veritabanı, veri tabanı. A collection of (usually) organized information in a regular structure, usually but not necessarily in a machine-readable format accessible by a computer.
- trick /ˈtɹɪk/ (isim) — hile, numara. Something designed to fool, dupe, outsmart, mislead or swindle.
- narrow /ˈnæɹəʊ/ (sıfat) — dar. Having a small width; not wide; having opposite edges or sides that are close, especially by comparison to length or depth.
- filter /ˈfɪltɚ/ (isim) — filtre. A device which separates a suspended, dissolved, or particulate matter from a fluid, solution, or other substance; any device that separates one substance from…
- eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/ (fiil) — temizlemek. To completely remove, get rid of, put an end to.
- compare /kəmˈpɛɚ/ (fiil) — karşılaştırmak, kıyaslamak. To assess the similarities and differences between two or more things [“to compare X with Y”]. Having made the comparison of X with Y, one might have found it…
- currency /ˈkʌɹ.ən.si/ (isim) — para birimi. Money or other items used to facilitate transactions.
- loop /luːp/ (isim) — ilik. A length of thread, line or rope that is doubled over to make an opening.
- delete /dɪˈliːt/ (fiil) — silmek. To remove, get rid of or erase, especially written or printed material, or data on a computer or other device.
- pile /paɪl/ (isim) — pil, yığmak. A mass of things heaped together; a heap.
- contiguous /kənˈtɪɡ.ju.əs/ (sıfat) — bitişik. Connected; touching; abutting.
- relational (sıfat) — ilişkisel. Relating to relations.
- shortcut /ˈʃɔːtkʌt/ (isim) — kestirme, kestirme yol. A path between two points that is faster than the commonly used paths.
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
- look for (fiil) — aramak. To seek.
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı you're, doesn't, I'm gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 10 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, contiguous /kənˈtɪɡ.ju.əs/, generalize /ˈd͡ʒɛn.(ə.)ɹə.laɪz/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; column, database, trick gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.