Shadowing Practice: What is the Uffington white horse? - Learn English Speaking with Video

The Huffington White Horse is one of the most incredible prehistoric sites in the world.

It's 3,000 years old.

Part of its mystery is, of course, its meaning and its purpose.

Why would this horse be carved into the side of this hill?

The answer may lie in its location.

This stretch of the Ridgeway marked the boundary between three Iron Age tribes.

Each tribe minted its own coins, and archaeologists can trace their approximate territories by mapping where these coins have been found.

So the White Horse may have been a meeting place for these three tribes, or perhaps it was made as a warning sign by one of the tribes to ward off their neighbours.

Below the White Horse is Dragon Hill, a naturally occurring hill that was flattened for ceremony several hundred years after the White Horse was first carved.

According to local folklore, it marked the site where St. George slayed the dragon.

The patch of ground here marks the spot where the dragon's blood spilt onto the earth, poisoning it forever.

This old story led to a more modern belief that the white horse was actually not a horse at all, but a dragon.

This, however, can't be the case.

We know from Iron Age coins and artefacts that horses were prevalent in Iron Age art.

However, we don't have any depictions of dragons.

We don't even know if dragons existed in the mythology of these tribes.

If it was a dragon, it would be the first and only depiction of a dragon that we have from this era, whereas horses are everywhere.

Some say the horse is a representation of the goddess Epona, but that's likely to be too early.

Epona doesn't seem to arrive in Britain until after the Roman invasion.

Horses were being used in battle for the first time during the Iron Age.

Carving one onto a hillside would show your neighbours you had horses and you weren't afraid to use them.

To further add to this theory, there is a hill fort above the White Horse which did have significant defences.

There haven't been any fines to suggest there was military action that took place here, but perhaps the fort was deterrent enough.

But beyond a show of power, the horse could have had a spiritual significance.

It's built just below some burial mounds and some have theorised that the horse represents death and rebirth.

We can't overlook the fact that the horse is viewed best from above.

Could it have been carved for the pleasure of some celestial being?

We can't say for sure but it is tantalising.

One of the most amazing things about this horse is how it survived all of this time.

As you can see the lines on the carving are incredibly thin.

It would only take 30 years for the grass to grow over it and it would be covered forever.

Every seven years or so the horse would be re-chalked.

It's a custom that was well established by the 18th century and we know this from a newspaper article.

It's called the scouring of the white horse.

It was a festival with cheese rolling, wrestling, drinking and music.

There's no source that tells us how the horse was maintained for 3,000 years.

We only know it from recent history really.

But in local folklore it's believed that

if the horse is ever allowed to fade away

that the land would suffer and the spirits of the hill would grow restless.

I think this story might have played an important part in the horse being cared for

and looked after after all these years.

It's living proof of how folk tales bring people together.

It's survived countless religious changes, the Roman invasion, the Norman invasion, plagues, wars.

No matter what, people came together to preserve the horse.

Its meaning and original purpose lost, but its significance has never been forgotten.

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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları

Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 46 cümle ve 654 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 3:23 sürüyor. Konuşmacı hızlı konuşuyor, dakikada yaklaşık 193 kelime; bu yüzden birbirine bağlanan ve zayıflayan sesler duyacaksınız. Kelimelerin yalnızca %80’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.

Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler

Videodan daha az kullanılan 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:

dragon /ˈdɹæɡən/ (isim) — ejderha, ejder. In European mythologies, a gigantic beast, typically reptilian with leathery bat-like wings, lion-like claws, scaly skin and a lizard-like body, often a…
invasion /ɪnˈveɪʒən/ (isim) — saldırı, işgal. A military action consisting of a large armed force of one geopolitical entity entering territory controlled by another such entity, generally with the…
coin /ˈkoɪ̯n/ (isim) — madenî para, demir para. A piece of currency, usually metallic and in the shape of a disc, but sometimes polygonal, or with a hole in the middle.
fort /fɔɹt/ (isim) — kale, korugan. A fortified defensive structure stationed with troops.
significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ (isim) — önem. The extent to which something matters; importance
neighbour /ˈneɪbɚ/ (isim) — komşu. A person living on adjacent or nearby land; a person situated adjacently or nearby; anything (of the same type of thing as the subject) in an adjacent or…
occur /əˈkɜː/ (fiil) — olmak. To happen or take place.
thin /ˈθɪn/ (sıfat) — ince. Having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite.
establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ (fiil) — yerleştirmek. To make stable or firm; to confirm.
mystery /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ (isim) — gizem, esrâr. Something secret or unexplainable; an unknown.
suffer /ˈsʌfɚ/ (fiil) — çekmek, acı çekmek. To undergo hardship.
custom /ˈkʌstəm/ (isim) — adet, görenek. Frequent repetition of the same behavior; way of behavior common to many; ordinary manner; habitual practice; method of doing, living or behaving.
ceremony /ˈsɛɹ.əˌmoʊ.ni/ (isim) — seremoni, ayin. A ritual, with religious or cultural significance.
spiritual /ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/ (sıfat) — spiritüel, tinsel. Of or pertaining to the spirit or the soul.
arrive /əˈɹaɪv/ (fiil) — varmak. To reach; to get to a certain place.

Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller

care for (fiil) — bakmak, göz kulak olmak. To attend to the needs of, especially in the manner of a nurse or personal aide.
look after (fiil) — göz kulak olmak, bakmak. To follow with the eyes; to look in the direction of (someone or something departing).

Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar

Konuşmacı can't, don't, doesn't gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 8 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.

“th” sesleri: thin /ˈθɪn/, mythology /mɪˈθɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, rebirth /ɹiːˈbɜːθ/
“sh” ve “zh” sesleri: invasion /ɪnˈveɪʒən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, representation /ˌɹɛp.ɹə.zɛnˈteɪ.ʃən/, depiction /dɪˈpɪkʃən/
Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, ceremony /ˈsɛɹ.əˌmoʊ.ni/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, representation /ˌɹɛp.ɹə.zɛnˈteɪ.ʃən/

Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır

Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
0,75× hızla başlayın, cümle cümle tekrar edin ve kolaylaşınca normal hıza dönün.
Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; dragon, invasion, coin gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.

Bu videodaki dil bilgisi

Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:

Yapı	Videoda
Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli	be carved · have been found · was made
Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem	have been found · haven't been · have theorised

Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?

Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.

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