Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: How to Use Past Simple & Past Continuous in Real English Conversations
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483 câu
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1
Michael, I really need to ask you about past simple and past continuous.
Michael, tôi thực sự cần hỏi bạn về thì quá khứ đơn và quá khứ tiếp diễn.
2
Oh?
3
Tell me.
4
What is confusing you exactly?
5
Honestly, I don't understand when to use them in a story.
6
Ah, I see.
7
You are confused about past simple versus past continuous, right?
8
Exactly.
9
Yesterday, I tried to tell a funny story at work, and it was a disaster.
10
What happened?
11
I said, when my boss called me, I slept.
Tôi đã nói rằng khi sếp gọi cho tôi, tôi đang ngủ.
12
Everyone looked at me like I was crazy.
13
Yes, I see the problem.
14
But don't worry, that is a very common mistake.
15
Listen carefully, stop guessing, and please stop memorizing long grammar charts.
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Today, you will finally understand the difference between past simple and past continuous with simple logic.
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But before we start, A quick request for our amazing viewers.
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Please support us.
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Like this video and subscribe to the channel.
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Done.
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That sounds fair.
22
Now please teach me.
23
All right, Olivia.
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Let's look at your funny mistake from today.
25
Oh, my disastrous story?
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Please be gentle.
27
You told your colleagues, when my boss called me, I slept.
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Yeah, and they laughed.
29
Was it really that bad?
30
Well, it sounded very strange to their ears. But why?
31
Both actions happened in the past.
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True, but in English, we have to show the shape of the action.
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The shape of the action?
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What does that mean?
35
Imagine a camera.
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One tense is like a long video.
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Okay, a long, continuous video.
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And the other tense is just a quick photograph.
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Click.
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A quick photograph?
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Wow, I love this camera idea.
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So, when you said, I slept, you used a quick photograph.
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Oh, like sleeping takes only one second?
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Exactly.
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It sounded like you instantly fell asleep the exact moment he called.
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Like his voice was a magic sleeping spell.
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Precisely.
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Like, hello, Olivia, and boom, you're asleep on the floor.
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Oh my goodness, that is hilarious.
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Now I understand why they laughed.
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Because you used the wrong camera mode for sleeping.
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Sleeping is definitely a long video, not a quick photo.
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Spot on.
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Sleeping takes time.
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It is a long background action.
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So I needed the video tense.
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Exactly.
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And today we will master both camera modes.
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I am so ready.
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Give me the video camera first.
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Let's start with the video camera, the past continuous tense.
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Okay, the video camera.
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How do I use it?
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We use this tense for a long, continuous action in the past.
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Like something taking a lot of time?
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Yes, it is the background of your story.
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It sets the scene.
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Setting the scene, like the beginning of a movie?
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Exactly.
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Imagine a movie starting.
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What is happening on the screen?
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Hmm.
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The sun is shining.
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People are walking.
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Perfect.
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But let's put it in the past.
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The sun was shining.
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Oh, people were walking.
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You got it.
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You use was or were plus the ing form of the verb. Was shining. Were walking.
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Because it is a flowing video.
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Exactly.
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The action is flowing.
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It is in progress.
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So, back to my terrible story about my boss.
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Yes.
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What were you doing before the phone rang?
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I was in my bed.
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The action was flowing for hours.
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Right.
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So what is the correct video tense?
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I was sleeping.
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Brilliant.
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You were sleeping.
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A nice, long video action.
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Wow.
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That makes so much sense visually.
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Let's try another one.
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You in the kitchen, making food for an hour.
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I was cooking dinner.
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Perfect.
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You created a beautiful video background for me.
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I love this.
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I was cooking.
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I was sleeping. So easy.
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Now let's grab the other camera, the quick photograph.
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Ooh, the click camera.
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The past simple tense.
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Exactly.
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We use past simple for short, quick, finished actions.
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So, not a flowing video, just a sudden event?
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Spot on.
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It usually interrupts the long video.
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Ah, like a sudden surprise in the middle of the movie.
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Yes, the action happens fast and finishes fast.
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Give me a good example of a quick photo action.
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Remember your boss?
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His phone call.
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Oh, the phone ringing is fast.
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It is an interruption.
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Exactly.
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So we use the short tense.
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The phone rang.
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The phone rang.
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Click.
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Sudden action.
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Let's go back to your kitchen example.
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You were cooking dinner.
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And suddenly, my sister dropped a glass.
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Perfect.
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Did she drop the glass for a long time?
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Ha ha, no. It happened in one second.
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Crash!
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So you used the photo tense.
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She dropped a glass.
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Wow, I was cooking.
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Video.
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She dropped it.
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Photo.
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You are mastering the visual logic beautifully, Olivia.
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It feels so much better than memorizing grammar charts.
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Because your brain loves pictures, not boring timelines.
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Totally.
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So past simple is the interrupter, the quick flash.
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Exactly.
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The quick flash that changes the story.
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This is amazing!
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Let's put them together now.
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Alright, let's combine the video and the photo into one perfect sentence.
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The ultimate storytelling sentence.
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I am ready.
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To connect them, we usually use two magic words, when or while.
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When and while.
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Do they mean the same thing?
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They are similar, but they attach to different cameras.
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Ooh, interesting.
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Tell me the secret.
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While loves the long video.
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It means during that time.
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So I put while next to the ing form.
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Exactly.
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While I was sleeping...
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The phone rang.
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Perfect!
165
You created a flawless English sentence.
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Wow!
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While I was cooking, my sister dropped a glass.
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You are doing great!
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Now, what about when?
170
Let me guess.
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When loves the quick photo.
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Brilliant deduction.
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When attaches to the short interruption.
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So, I put it next to the past simple tense.
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Try it.
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Swap the magic word in your sleeping story.
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I was sleeping when the phone rang.
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Masterpiece.
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The meaning is exactly the same as the first one.
180
Really?
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While I was sleeping, it rang is the same as I was sleeping when it rang?
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Absolutely.
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It just depends on where you want to place the magic word.
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That is so cool.
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It gives me freedom when I speak.
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Exactly.
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Freedom without confusion.
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I am definitely going to use both magic words tomorrow.
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Let's make sure you can use the negative form smoothly, too.
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Good idea.
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Sometimes saying no in the past is tricky.
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Let's start with the video camera, the past continuous.
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Okay.
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How do I make the long action negative?
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You just add not after was or were, wasn't or weren't.
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Oh, that is easy.
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I wasn't sleeping.
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Exactly.
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Meaning that video was not playing in the background.
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Got it.
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For example, I wasn't listening when the teacher spoke.
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Very honest example and perfect grammar.
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Thank you.
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Now, what about the quick photo camera?
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For the short past simple, we use didn't plus the base verb.
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Ah, I remember this.
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Didn't call, didn't go.
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Yes.
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So let's combine a negative photo with a positive video.
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Okay, let me think of a good situation.
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Take your time.
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Paint the picture for me.
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I was walking in the park, but I didn't see my friend.
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Spot on.
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The walking was the long background video.
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And the not seeing was the quick photo result.
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You nailed it.
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Let's try one more combination.
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While I was watching TV, the pizza guy didn't ring the bell.
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He just knocked.
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That is a fantastic sentence, Olivia.
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Very natural storytelling.
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Yay!
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I wasn't watching, didn't ring.
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It is totally logical.
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You are using the negative forms like a pro.
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This visual logic makes me feel unstoppable.
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Now, I need to teach you an important exception about telling stories.
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An exception?
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Uh-oh.
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Does the camera break?
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No, the camera is fine.
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But sometimes there is no video at all.
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What?
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No background video?
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Just photos?
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Exactly.
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Sometimes you just tell a list of quick actions, one after another.
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Like a sequence of events?
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Action 1, action 2, action 3?
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Precisely.
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When actions happen in a sequence, we only use the short photo tense.
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Just past simple.
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Click, click, click.
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Yes!
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For example, I woke up, I took a shower, and I left the house.
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Ah, none of them are background actions.
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They are a chain.
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Exactly.
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You cannot say, I was waking up and then I was taking a shower.
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That sounds terrible.
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It feels too slow and weird.
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Exactly, because they are finished consecutive steps.
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So, if one thing finishes before the next thing starts, just use past simple.
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Beautifully summarized, Olivia.
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Let me try a sequence.
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I opened the door, turned on the light, and saw a spider.
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Perfect!
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Click, click, click.
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Three fast photos.
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Wow!
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And what if I want to add a background to that spider story?
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Oh, challenge yourself.
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Give me the full movie scene.
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While the spider was crawling on the wall, I screamed and ran away away.
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That is a master class in English storytelling right there.
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I am so proud of that sentence.
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The video and two photos.
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You should be proud.
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It was completely flawless.
271
This is officially my favorite grammar lesson ever.
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Now, Olivia, pay close attention.
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We are entering the trap zone.
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The trap zone?
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Okay, I am on high alert.
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What is the trap?
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There are some special verbs in English that hate the video camera.
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Hate the video camera?
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You mean I cannot use them with ing?
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Exactly.
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We call them state verbs.
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They describe feelings, thoughts, or senses.
283
Feelings and thoughts?
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Like the word know?
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Yes.
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You can never say, I was knowing the answer.
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Oh, I actually hear students say that a lot.
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I was knowing it.
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It is a huge trap.
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Knowing is not a physical action.
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It is a state of mind.
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So, even if I knew it for a long time, I just used the phototense.
293
Precisely.
294
Always say, I knew the answer.
295
Wow, good to know.
296
What are some other trap words?
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Words like want, need, love, understand.
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So, I cannot say I was wanting a coffee.
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Never.
300
Even if you felt that desire for three hours, you just say, I wanted a coffee.
301
That's actually easier.
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I don't have to worry about the ing.
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Exactly.
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State verbs are strictly past simple only.
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So, if I didn't get the joke, I say, I didn't understand, not, I wasn't understanding.
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Spot on.
307
Trap successfully avoided.
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Awesome.
309
Love, need, know, want, understand.
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Got it.
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You will sound so much more advanced just by avoiding this one mistake.
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I am feeling so confident.
313
Give me the next challenge.
314
Let's put everything side by side to test your logic.
315
Bring it on.
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I have my video camera and my photo camera ready.
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I will give you two similar situations.
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You tell me the difference in meaning.
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Okay, deal.
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Shoot.
321
Sentence A.
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When John arrived, we had dinner.
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Sentence B, when John arrived, we were having dinner.
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Oh, wow.
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They look so similar, but they feel very different.
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Tell me exactly how they feel different.
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Use the logic.
328
Okay.
329
When John arrived, we had dinner.
330
This is a sequence of photos.
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Yes.
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Click, click.
333
So what happened first?
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John arrived first.
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Then, after he walked in, we all started eating together.
336
Absolutely brilliant!
337
Now, what about sentence B?
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We were having dinner.
339
Were having is the long video, the background action.
340
Exactly.
341
So what is the situation when John opens the door?
342
We are already eating.
343
Our mouths are full of food when he arrives.
344
Perfect!
345
He interrupted your meal.
346
Wow, the grammar completely changes the story.
347
It changes the entire movie scene in the listener's head.
348
In the first one, we waited for John.
349
In the second one, we didn't wait.
350
Exactly!
351
Poor John in the second sentence.
352
This is mind-blowing.
353
The tenses paint the picture.
354
Because you were using pure visual logic now, not just guessing words.
355
I love this.
356
No more confusing my coworkers with bad stories.
357
Let's see how this works in a real, natural conversation.
358
No grammar explanations?
359
Just a normal chat about my day?
360
Exactly.
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Just a regular chat.
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Let's start.
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Okay.
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I am ready.
365
Let's do it.
366
Hey, Olivia.
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I tried to call you yesterday evening, but you didn't answer.
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Oh, I am so sorry, Michael.
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I didn't hear my phone.
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Really?
371
What were you doing around 7 p.m.?
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At 7 p.m., I was watching a very loud action movie.
373
Ah, that makes sense.
374
Was it a good movie?
375
It was amazing, but while I was watching the best part, the electricity went out.
376
Oh, no. What did you do then?
377
I just lit some candles, grabbed a book, and read for an hour.
378
That sounds quite relaxing, actually.
379
It was.
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But while I was reading, I heard a strange noise outside.
381
Strange noise?
382
Did you go outside to check?
383
No way!
384
I was too scared.
385
I just locked the door and stayed inside.
386
Very smart.
387
Well, I'm glad you're safe.
388
Thanks.
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Anyway, sorry I missed your call.
390
I will call you back next time. And cut!
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That was fantastic, Olivia!
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Wow!
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Did you notice?
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I used all the rules perfectly without thinking.
395
I definitely noticed.
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It flowed beautifully.
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I used the video was watching, the photo went out, and the sequence lit grabbed red.
398
You are officially a master storyteller in English.
399
Thank you!
400
That felt so incredibly natural.
401
All right, before we wrap up the video, let's do a very quick mental summary.
402
Good idea.
403
Let's lock these cameras in my brain forever.
404
Remember the core logic for the past continuous tense.
405
Let me say it.
406
It is the video camera, a long, flowing background action.
407
Exactly.
408
You use it to set the scene.
409
I was sleeping.
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Yes, and the magic word while loves this tense.
411
Perfect.
412
Now, what is the core logic for the past simple tense?
413
It is the photo camera.
414
A short, quick, finished action.
415
Click.
416
Spot on.
417
It usually interrupts the video.
418
The phone rang.
419
Yes, and the magic word when usually attaches to this short action.
420
And what about a sequence of events?
421
Action 1, action 2, action 3?
422
We only use the photo camera.
423
Click, click, click.
424
Past simple only.
425
That is the entire rule, Olivia.
426
Just pure visual logic.
427
It is incredible how simple it is when you organize it like cameras.
428
So no more saying, I slept when he called at the office?
429
Definitely not.
430
My coworkers are going to be so impressed with my stories tomorrow.
431
I have no doubt about that.
432
You will sound just like a native speaker.
433
No more confusing timelines.
434
I just picture the movie scene in my head.
435
I am very proud of your progress today, Olivia.
436
Thank you, Michael.
437
You make learning grammar actually fun.
438
That is the secret to learning, keeping it visual and fun.
439
Absolutely.
440
I am ready to tell a million stories now.
441
All right.
442
That brings us to the end of today's Storytelling Masterclass.
443
Wow.
444
Time flew by so fast.
445
I learned so much today, Michael.
446
I am very happy to hear that, Olivia.
447
But now it is homework time!
448
Ooh, a challenge for our amazing viewers!
449
I love it!
450
What is the mission?
451
We want to see if you guys can use the video camera and the photo camera together.
452
Yes, prove to us that you stopped memorizing grammar charts and started thinking visually.
453
So we want you to go down to the comment section right now.
454
Okay, and what exactly should they write?
455
A full Hollywood movie script?
456
Haha, no. Just one sentence is enough.
457
Tell us a mini-story about your day.
458
Oh, I get it.
459
Use a long background action and interrupt it with a quick, sudden action.
460
Exactly.
461
Give us one past continuous video interrupted by a past simple photo.
462
Like, while I was eating my lunch, my cat jumped on the table.
463
Perfect example.
464
And please do not be shy.
465
We want to read all of your stories.
466
That is right.
467
I am personally going to read every single comment.
468
And I'll be there to give you feedback and correct any little mistakes.
469
But remember guys, do not be afraid to make mistakes.
470
That is how we learn.
471
Absolutely.
472
So grab your keyboards and drop your mini-stories in the comments below.
473
We're waiting.
474
And hey, if you found this camera trick helpful today… Please hit that like button.
475
It really helps our channel grow and reach more English learners.
476
And don't forget to subscribe and turn on the notification bell.
477
Definitely.
478
You do not want to miss our upcoming visual grammar lessons.
479
We have so many more fun tricks to share with you all.
480
Thank you so much for watching, everyone.
481
Keep practicing your storytelling.
482
See you in the next video.
483
Bye-bye.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói trình độ B1 này dựa trên video “How to Use Past Simple & Past Continuous in Real English Conversations”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: action, camera, exactly, photo, quick. Video này có 483 câu và 2786 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 19:53. Người nói giữ tốc độ đều, khoảng 140 từ mỗi phút, vừa sức để nói đuổi theo. 83% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| tense danh từ | /tɛns/ | thì |
| grammar danh từ | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | ngữ pháp, văn phạm |
| continuous tính từ | /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/ | liên tục, không ngừng |
| trap danh từ | /tɹæp/ | bẫy |
| verb danh từ | /vɝb/ | động từ |
| photograph danh từ | /ˈfoʊ.təˌɡɹæf/ | hình, ảnh |
| memorize động từ | /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/ | ghi nhớ, ghi chép |
| shine động từ | /ʃaɪn/ | toả sáng, chiếu sáng |
| spider danh từ | /ˈspaɪ̯dɚ/ | nhện, nhền nhện |
| viewer danh từ | /ˈvju.ɚ/ | khán giả, người xem |
| subscribe động từ | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | đăng kí |
| summarize động từ | /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ | tóm lược, tóm tắt |
| masterpiece danh từ | /ˈmæstɚˌpis/ | kiệt tác |
| candle danh từ | /ˈkæn.dəl/ | nến, đèn cầy |
| bore động từ | /boɹ/ | khoan, đục |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| go out động từ | ra, chết | |
| wake up động từ | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | thức dậy, dậy lên |
Những câu đáng luyện lại
Các câu ngắn, trọn ý trong video mà bạn có thể dùng lại khi giao tiếp hằng ngày:
- What is confusing you exactly?
- How do I use it?
- What were you doing before the phone rang?
- How do I make the long action negative?
- You mean I cannot use them with ing?
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn was/were + -ing — việc đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm trong quá khứ | was shining · were walking · were you doing |
| Động từ + -ing enjoy, keep, stop… + -ing — những động từ theo sau là dạng -ing | stop guessing · started eating · stopped memorizing |
| Lời khuyên với “should” should + động từ — nói điều nên làm | should be · should they write |
| Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn am/is/are + -ing — việc đang diễn ra lúc nói hoặc quanh thời điểm này | is happening · is shining · are walking |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 26 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ didn't, wasn't, don't. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: shine /ʃaɪn/, interruption /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpʃən/, deduction /dɪˈdʌkʃən/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/, beautifully /ˈbju.tɪ.fə.li/, interruption /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpʃən/, visually /ˈvɪzju.əli/, unstoppable /ʌnˈstɔ.pə.bəl/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: tense /tɛns/, interrupt /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/, keyboard /ˈki.bɔɹd/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/, logical /ˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/, gentle /ˈd͡ʒɛntl̩/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: grammar /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/, trap /tɹæp/, photograph /ˈfoʊ.təˌɡɹæf/, attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/, disastrous /dɪˈzæs.tɹəs/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như tense, grammar, continuous.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.