Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Weirdest Ships Ever Built Explained
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163 câu
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Weirdest Ships Ever Built Ship 1, the Ball Ship This ship doesn't have a hull.
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It has a sphere.
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The Flip Ship, formerly the Research Platform Flip, was built in 1962 for the U.S.
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Navy.
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It was 108 meters long when horizontal.
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When it arrived at its research location, it pumped seawater into its stern ballast tanks and flipped vertically,
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rotating 90 degrees until only 17 meters of the bow remained above water.
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The remaining 91 meters hung straight down into the ocean like an anchor.
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In vertical position, it became one of the most stable research platforms ever built.
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Waves that would rock a conventional ship violently passed straight past the vertical hull with almost no movement.
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Scientists could conduct acoustic experiments, measure wave heights, and study underwater currents on a platform that barely moved in any sea condition.
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Everything on board was designed to work in both orientations.
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Stoves had two sets of burners, one for horizontal, one for vertical.
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Bunks were mounted on pivots.
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Pipes ran in two directions.
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The crew had to climb through hatches in the floor that became doors when the ship was vertical.
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Flip operated for 57 years.
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It was decommissioned in 2023.
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There was never another ship like it.
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There probably never will be.
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Ship 2.
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The Snake Ship.
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In 2004, a Norwegian company launched a ship with no propeller, no rudder, and no conventional hull.
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The Vinskip was designed to use its hull itself as a sail.
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The entire above-water profile of the ship was shaped like an aircraft wing, a symmetrical aerofoil running the full length of the vessel.
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As wind hit the hull at an angle, it generated lift, not upward, but forward, pulling the ship through the water the same way a wing pulls a plane through air.
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A computer system constantly adjusted the ship's heading to maximize the aerodynamic effect of whatever wind was available.
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The engines, still present for when there was no wind, ran on liquefied natural gas.
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Calculations showed it could cut fuel consumption by 60% on transoceanic routes.
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It was never built.
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Shipping companies looked at the fuel savings, looked at the cost of designing an entirely new class of vessel, and chose the cheaper option.
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The design sits in a Norwegian patent office.
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The physics still work.
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The ship still doesn't exist.
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Ship 3.
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The Caspian Monster.
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In 1966, a CIA satellite photographed something on the Caspian Sea that analysts couldn't identify.
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It was 92 meters long.
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It had eight jet engines mounted on the front.
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It had stubby wings that clearly couldn't support its weight in the air.
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And it was traveling at 500 kilometers per hour, four meters above the water.
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They called it the Caspian Sea Monster.
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It was a Soviet ekranoplan, a ground-effect vehicle.
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It didn't fly.
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It didn't sail.
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It used a physical phenomenon called ground effect, the cushion of compressed air that forms between a wing
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and a flat surface at very low altitude to skim across the water faster than any ship and lower than any plane.
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At 4 meters altitude, it was invisible to radar.
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It could carry 550 tons of cargo or troops.
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It could cross the Caspian Sea in under an hour.
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The Soviet Navy built several.
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The largest, the Loon, was armed with six anti-ship cruise missiles
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and could deploy them at 500 kilometers per hour from four meters above the waves.
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The program ended with the Soviet Union.
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The Loon was beached on the Caspian shore in 1990 and left there.
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It sat rusting on that beach for 30 years.
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In 2020, it was towed to a nearby city to become a museum exhibit.
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It still looks like nothing else ever built.
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Ship 4, The Floating City.
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In 1942, a British officer named Geoffrey Pike proposed building an aircraft carrier out of ice.
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Not pure ice, a composite material he called pycrete, made of 86% water and 14% wood pulp.
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When frozen, pycrete was stronger than concrete, harder to melt than pure ice, and almost impossible to shatter with explosives.
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A bullet fired into it stopped within centimeters.
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The proposed ship, HMS Habakkuk, would be 600 meters long, longer than six football fields.
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It would carry 150 aircraft.
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It would be self-refrigerating, using a network of pipes carrying cold air through its hull to prevent melting.
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It would be virtually unsinkable.
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Torpedoes and bombs would simply carve chunks out of it, which could be refrozen.
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A prototype was built on a lake in Canada.
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It stayed frozen through an entire summer without refrigeration.
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The project was canceled in 1943.
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Advances in long-range aircraft made mid-ocean aircraft carriers less critical.
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The cost of building a 600-meter ice ship, even a cheap one, was enormous.
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The prototype on the Canadian lake was left to melt.
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It took three summers.
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The engineering worked.
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The war just ended before it was needed.
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Ship 5, the submarine carrier.
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During World War II, Japan built submarines large enough to carry aircraft.
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The I-400-class submarines were 122 meters long, the largest submarines built until nuclear submarines arrived in the 1960s.
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Each one carried three Aichi M-6A CERAN floatplane bombers in a watertight hangar built into the forward deck.
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The aircraft were stored disassembled, with wings and floats folded.
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A crew could assemble and launch all three in under 45 minutes.
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The plan was to use them to bomb the Panama Canal, striking locks that controlled the entire flow of Allied shipping between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
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Three I-400 submarines left Japan in July 1945, carrying nine aircraft between them.
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They were en route to the Panama Canal when Japan surrendered on August 15.
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The submarines were intercepted by the U.S.
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Navy and surrendered intact.
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American naval engineers studied them extensively.
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Some historians argue they directly influenced the design of early American nuclear submarine programs.
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The aircraft were pushed overboard to prevent Soviet inspection.
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The submarines were scuttled in 1946.
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They were located on the seafloor off Hawaii in 2013, largely intact, sitting in 700 meters of water.
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Ship 6, The Spinning Ship.
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In 1926, a German engineer named Anton Flettner sailed across the Atlantic using spinning metal cylinders instead of sails.
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The Buccau, later renamed the Baden-Baden, was fitted with two vertical rotor cylinders, 15 meters tall.
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Electric motors spun them continuously.
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As wind hit the spinning rotors, a phenomenon called the Magnus effect generated a force perpendicular to the wind direction,
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pushing the ship forward regardless of which direction the wind was blowing.
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It crossed the Atlantic in 1926.
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It was faster and more fuel-efficient than comparable sail ships and required a fraction of the crew.
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Shipping companies looked at it, decided steam was more reliable, and ignored it for 80 years.
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In 2010, with fuel costs rising and emissions regulations tightening, shipping companies started looking at rotor sales again.
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Today, over 20 commercial cargo ships are fitted with Flettner rotors.
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Norsepower, a Finnish company, has installed them on tankers and ferries across Europe.
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A technology invented in 1926,
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ignored for 80 years, is now being fitted to modern cargo ships because it turned out Anton Flettner was right all along.
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Ship 7.
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The Ghost Ship This ship has no crew.
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The Sea Hunter was launched by DARPA in 2016.
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It is 40 meters long, weighs 140 tons, and can operate continuously for 90 days without a single human on board.
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It navigates using radar, cameras, and sonar.
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It follows international maritime collision regulations automatically, detecting other vessels, calculating their course and speed,
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and maneuvering to avoid them without any instruction from shore.
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Its original mission was submarine hunting, using low-frequency sonar to track diesel-electric submarines across thousands of kilometers of open ocean.
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A crewed ship doing the same job costs $700,000 per day to operate.
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The Sea Hunter costs $20,000.
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It has since been tested for additional roles, escorting carrier groups, delivering supplies, acting as a communications relay in areas where satellites are jammed.
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In 2019, it sailed from San Diego to Pearl Harbor and back.
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5,500 kilometers, completely autonomously.
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No crew, no remote pilot, just the ship, the ocean, and its own software making every decision.
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The U.S.
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Navy has since commissioned a fleet of similar vessels.
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They don't have names.
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They have hull numbers.
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The age of the crewed warship is not over, but it has started sharing the ocean.
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Ship 8, the Thunder Ship.
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In 1944, the U.S.
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Navy launched a ship designed to do one thing, fire rockets.
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The LSM, landing ship medium rocket, was a converted landing craft fitted with banks of rocket launchers covering its entire deck.
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In a single 30-second salvo, it could fire over 1,000 unguided rockets at a beach, a fortification, or a coastal position.
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1,000 rockets.
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30 seconds.
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The rockets weren't accurate.
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They weren't designed to be.
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The point was saturation, covering every square meter of a target area with explosions simultaneously,
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suppressing every defensive position at once so that landing troops could reach the beach alive.
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At Okinawa in 1945, LSM ships fired 1.4 million rockets in support of the landing operation,
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the largest rocket barrage in naval history.
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The ships were so loud during a salvo that crew members reported being unable to hear for hours afterward.
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The deck temperature from rocket exhaust reached levels that melted boot soles.
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After the war, they were decommissioned.
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The technology, mass rocket saturation of a target, was absorbed into modern multiple launch rocket systems used by armies today.
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The ship that fired a thousand rockets in half a minute is gone.
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What it proved is still being used.
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Ship 9, the Invisible Ship.
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In 1997, the U.S.
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Navy launched a warship that radar couldn't see.
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The USS Zumwalt DDG-1000 has a hull shaped like an inverted V.
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Every surface is angled to deflect radar signals away from the source rather than back to it.
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The result is a 15,000-ton destroyer that appears on radar as an object the size of a fishing boat.
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Its guns fire rocket-assisted projectiles to a range of 150 kilometers.
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Its power plant generates enough electricity to power a small city.
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Its crew of 148 is less than half the complement of comparable destroyers.
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Most systems are automated.
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The Zumwalt cost $4.4 billion per ship.
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The Navy originally ordered 32.
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They canceled the program after three.
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The three ships that exist are among the most advanced surface combatants ever built.
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They operate in small groups, their radar signatures so small that by the time an enemy detects them, they are already within firing range.
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The Navy canceled them, not because they failed, but because three ships at $4.4 billion each consumed the budget for 32 conventional destroyers.
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They work perfectly, there just aren't enough of them to matter.
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And somewhere in the Pacific right now, one of them is moving, and nobody on the other side knows it.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói trình độ B2 này dựa trên video “Weirdest Ships Ever Built Explained”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: ship, meter, rocket, submarine, built. Video này có 163 câu và 1766 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 11:32. Người nói nói với tốc độ tự nhiên, khoảng 153 từ mỗi phút, gần với hội thoại hằng ngày. Chỉ 72% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất, nên từ vựng khá khó.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| meter danh từ | /ˈmitəɹ/ | cái đo, người đo |
| submarine danh từ | /sʌb.məˈɹiːn/ | tàu ngầm |
| sail danh từ | /seɪl/ | buồm |
| radar danh từ | /ˈɹeɪˌdɑɹ/ | ra đa |
| melt động từ | /mɛlt/ | tan, tan chảy |
| destroyer danh từ | /dəˈstɹɔɪ.ɚ/ | tàu khu trục, khu trục hạm |
| cancel động từ | /ˈkæn.sl̩/ | hủy, hủy bỏ |
| cargo danh từ | /ˈkɑɹɡoʊ/ | hàng hóa, hàng hoá |
| warship danh từ | /ˈwɔɹˌʃɪp/ | tàu chiến |
| metre danh từ | /ˈmiːtəɹ/ | mét, thước |
| prototype danh từ | /ˈpɹəʊtətaɪp/ | nguyên mẫu |
| horizontal tính từ | /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/ | ngang |
| cylinder danh từ | /ˈsɪləndɚ/ | hình trụ tròn |
| detect động từ | /dɪˈtɛkt/ | phát hiện, dò ra |
| surrender động từ | /səˈɹɛndə(ɹ)/ | đầu hàng |
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | was built · was designed · were mounted |
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | has installed · has started |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 11 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ couldn't, didn't, doesn't. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: decommission /diːkəˈmɪʃən/, warship /ˈwɔɹˌʃɪp/, barrage /bəˈɹɑʒ/, cushion /ˈkʊʃən/, emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: decommission /diːkəˈmɪʃən/, horizontal /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/, continuously /kənˈtɪnjuəsli/, comparable /ˈkɒmpəɹəbəl/, invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: melt /mɛlt/, intact /ɪnˈtækt/, detect /dɪˈtɛkt/, ballast /ˈbæl.əst/, combatant /ˈkɒm.bə.tənt/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: barrage /bəˈɹɑʒ/, chunk /t͡ʃʌŋk/, collision /kəˈlɪʒn̩/, adjust /əˈd͡ʒʌst/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: cancel /ˈkæn.sl̩/, salvo /ˈsælvoʊ/, altitude /ˈælt.ɪˌtjuːd/, intact /ɪnˈtækt/, aerodynamic /ˌɛəɹəʊdaɪˈnæmɪk/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như meter, submarine, sail.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.