跟讀練習: Are headphones destroying our hearing? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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I wear headphones all the time.

Recently I've been wondering if all that listening is bad for me.

And this led to a full -on spiral where I learned the horrifying statistic

that over a billion young adults are at risk of permanent avoidable hearing loss.

Am I one of those billion?

In a time where we're giving our ears less of a break than ever before, how can we make sure that we're not losing our hearing long term?

And what tools are at our disposal to ensure that we can minimize that damage?

Now we're on.

Headphones are not necessarily bad, like you know, if you wear headphones you're not automatically going to develop hearing loss.

That's Amy Saro.

I'm a doctor of audiology, so I often go by Dr. Amy.

Dr. Amy explains to me just how fragile our hearing is.

It all has to do with these tiny hair cells in our ears.

So when your hair cells are healthy, they stand up kind of like a field of wheat, and when the sound comes through it looks like a tornado has come through and they're all twisted up.

If you're lucky, they're able to sort of rebuild themselves back straight up nice and tall, but if you do that often enough or if the sound is loud enough,

the damage is permanent.

Permanent in the sense that those hairs are bent out of shape forever.

And your hearing doesn't come back.

Not naturally, nor do we have treatments that can reverse the effects of it.

This permanent damage is caused by both duration and loudness, which is measured in decibels.

And it works on a logarithmic scale.

Which means if you're listening to something at 85 decibels and then you raise the volume to 88 decibels, you've actually doubled the loudness even though it's such a small shift.

And this is where things can quickly get dangerous because we're often listening louder than we realize.

A lot of times it was 110 decibels

or it was over 100 decibels and it's easy to do

because you turn the volume up when you like a song and you don't realize how loud that is.

Especially if you're trying to overpower the sound of a train

or the buzz of a coffee shop or your neighbors mowing their lawn. So for context,

the US Department of Labor recommends no more than eight hours of 85 decibel exposure to be considered a safe working environment.

If you dig into your settings on your phone, you can limit your volume to a certain decibel threshold, but if doing so prevents you from hearing clearly,

well, maybe you can lower the volume of the world around you.

Power on.

The sound you're hearing is coming from this device, which is meant to record what you'd actually hear if you were in this space and if you were using these headphones.

Power.

Now, if I'm honest, I always thought that noise cancellation was kind of a mark marketing tactic, you know?

Like, a neat feature that was pretty cool, but not 100 % necessary.

The more I talk to experts, the more I realize that it's actually a protective line of defense in noisy environments.

There are two types of noise cancellation.

Passive noise cancellation, which is when something is physically blocking the sound from coming in, and active noise cancellation.

This is when the headphones have mics that can listen to the sound of the environment.

For simplicity's sake, let's visualize this as a singular wave.

The headphones hear that wave, analyze it, and then generate a sound wave that's the exact inverse of it.

An anti -wave, if you will.

When you put the two together, you get silence.

Or close to it anyways.

Our environment is much more complicated than one wave.

There's tons of different dynamic sounds happening all at the same time.

Noise -canceling headphones are best at removing persistent low -frequency hums.

Anything in the 1000 Hz range or below.

Think airplane turbines, trains, engine noise.

But that doesn't mean no sound gets in.

What's not going to work well with that are higher frequency sounds.

So these would be like birds chirping or a sudden loud sound.

It doesn't have a chance to analyze and decide what to do with that.

So usually the sound is just going to come through.

And when the world still seems too loud, but like emotionally speaking, sometimes I find it helpful to pause,

take a second, and maybe even find somebody to talk to.

And that's where the sponsor of this video comes in.

BetterHelp.

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So take a moment.

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That's BetterHelp .com slash VoxVideo.

Now time to get back to the video.

Creating silence in an otherwise noisy environment feels like magic. But...

It also leads to some weird questions like, does noise cancellation have volume?

In other words, if we're pumping an anti -sound web to create silence, are our brains interpreting into silence while our ear hair cells are still getting wrecked in a quiet tornado?

If it's working properly, it will not produce a sound.

My name is Luke Keller and I'm a professor of physics and astronomy at Ithaca College.

You can think about it farther up the stream at the eardrum, as bouncing back and forth in response to sound waves, but if they're canceled, it's not moving.

There's no vibration to transmit to the inner ear.

So it is literally making the sound go away.

There's no negative effect.

The cancellation happens completely in the electronics, not in your head.

So noise cancelling actually does remove the sound, leaving our ear hair cells largely unaffected.

And that's true of just about any pair of headphones that have noise cancelling.

So So don't feel obligated to get the most expensive, best ones.

Any halfway decent pair will work well enough to protect your ears.

But it is important to note that noise cancelling headphones don't work on everything.

Like if you go to a concert or need to operate a jackhammer, there are way better ways to protect your ears.

But the important thing is that we should be making a conscious effort to protect them.

We think about putting on sunscreen and we can see when we have a sunburn, but noise damage is invisible.

So it's up to us to be thinking about it, to be mindful of it, and to save our ears.

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掃碼

單詞	發音	釋義
headphones 名詞	/ˈhɛdfoʊnz/	耳機 /耳機, 耳筒
cancellation 名詞	/kænsəˈleɪʃən/	取消
ear 名詞	/ˈɪə̯/	耳朵, 耳
cancel 動詞	/ˈkæn.sl̩/	劃, 勾
silence 名詞	/ˈsaɪ̯ləns/	沉默
frequency 名詞	/ˈfɹiːkwənsi/	頻率 /頻率, 頻度 /頻度
sponsor 名詞	/ˈspɒn.səː/	保證人 /保證人
analyze 動詞	/ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/	分析
tornado 名詞	/tɔɹˈneɪ.doʊ/	龍捲風 /龍捲風
noisy 形容詞	/ˈnɔɪzi/	吵鬧 /吵鬧, 吵
necessarily 副詞	/ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/	必然地, 必定地
complicated 形容詞	/ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/	複雜 /複雜
helpful 形容詞	/ˈhɛlp.fl̩/	有幫助 /有幫助
decent 形容詞	/ˈdiː.sənt/	體面 /體面, 正派
sudden 形容詞	/ˈsʌd.ən/	突然, 急劇 /急劇

單詞	釋義
come back 動詞	回來 /回來, 返回
go away 動詞	離開 /離開, 走
stand up 動詞	站起來 /站起來, 起來 /起來

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	is caused · be considered · is meant
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	loudness, which is · device, which is · cancellation, which is
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	has come · you've actually doubled

跟讀練習: Are headphones destroying our hearing? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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