跟讀練習: The real reason Boeing's new plane crashed twice - 通過影片學習英語口語

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62 句

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This is an airplane engine.

It's sitting in a field in Beshaftu, Ethiopia, part of the wreckage of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, which crashed on March 10, 2019.

157 people died.

This was just a few months after another flight, Lion Air 610, crashed in Indonesia and killed 189 people.

These two flights were operating the same plane, the Boeing 737 MAX 8.

And its engine is the key to understanding why this particular plane has caused so many problems.

But there's nothing actually wrong with this engine.

In fact, airplane manufacturers race to put them on their new planes.

That's where the problems started.

The two biggest airplane manufacturers in the world are Airbus and Boeing.

And they have a fierce rivalry.

If one of them can offer a better plane, the other could lose a lot of money.

That's exactly what was about to happen in 2010.

Airbus announced that they would update their most popular model, the A320, a single -aisle airplane that services many domestic flights.

You've probably been on one.

For this new plane, Airbus had a big update.

It would have a new kind of engine.

It was much larger than the previous engine, but it would make the plane 15 % more fuel -efficient.

And just as importantly, this upgrade wouldn't change the plane that much.

A pilot could walk into the new model with little additional training and be on their way.

It was called the A320neo, and it would save airlines a lot of money.

This was a problem for Boeing.

To compete with Airbus, Boeing's obvious move was to upgrade the engine on their single -aisle plane, the 737.

But there was one issue.

Here's a sketch of the 737 next to the Airbus A320.

Notice how the 737 is lower to the ground than the A320.

This meant Airbus could slide a new engine under the wing of their A320, but there wasn't enough room under the wing of the Boeing 737.

But a few months later, Boeing's product development head had big news.

He said, Their solution was to move up the engine on the wing,

so that it would be slightly higher, and it would fit on their 737s.

Here's a promotional video of that updated 737 in the air.

You can actually see that the top of the engine is above the wing.

Boeing called this model the 737 MAX.

And just like Airbus with the A320, Boeing said that their new plane was so similar to its predecessor that pilots would only need minimal additional training.

The 737 MAX became the hottest selling plane on the market.

And it helped Boeing keep up with Airbus.

Except moving the engine up on the 737 had a side effect.

When the 737 MAX was in full thrust, like during takeoff, the nose tended to point too far upward, which could lead to a stall.

This was a problem because these planes were supposed to behave exactly like the old ones.

So Boeing came up with a workaround.

Instead of re -engineering the planes, they installed software that automatically pushed the nose downward if the pilot flew the plane at too high of an angle.

They called it the Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System, or MCAS.

But because Boeing was selling the 737 MAX as pretty much the same plane as the 737, they didn't highlight the new MCAS system.

Many pilots only got a two -hour iPad course before entering the cockpit for the first time.

And the training material didn't mention the MCAS software.

In 2018, several American pilots complained to the federal government that the 737 MAX was suddenly nosing down.

On October 29, 2018, Lion Air Flight 610 took off from Jakarta.

In the flight report, which shows the plane's altitude over time, you can see that the plane was in full thrust during takeoff.

But at a certain point, the nose of the plane kept lurching downward.

The pilots couldn't figure out why this was happening.

The captain asked the first officer to check the quick reference handbook.

They couldn't find the solution.

The pilots continued to fight with the MCAS.

The plane struggled to gain altitude.

Reports show it was likely because the computer was getting incorrect sensor data, pushing the plane toward the Earth below.

12 minutes after takeoff, the plane crashed into the Java Sea.

In the Ethiopia crash, the report shows that the pilots were actually able to disable the MCAS, but it was too late to overcome the malfunctioning MCAS sensors.

For now, nearly every 737 MAX 8 in service has been grounded.

And the Federal Aviation Administration is facing scrutiny over how they rushed this plane through certification.

Boeing's response has been to apply a software update that makes the MCAS less aggressive, while also saying they'll increase pilot training on how to turn it off.

This problem started with the company's race to compete with its rival.

It pushed them to pretend like their new plane behaved exactly like their old one, Even when it didn't

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詞彙遊戲邊玩邊學

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這段影片共有 62 個句子、820 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 5:34。說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 147 個詞，很適合跟讀。只有 81% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
airplane 名詞	/ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/	飛機 /飛機, 飛行機 /飛行機
compete 動詞	/kəmˈpiːt/	競爭 /競爭, 高下
manufacturer 名詞	/ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/	製作者 /製作者, 製造者 /製造者
airline 名詞	/ˈɛɹˌlaɪn/	航空公司
behave 動詞	/bɪˈheɪv/	為人 /為人
sensor 名詞	/ˈsɛn.sɚ/	感測器 /感測器
thrust 動詞	/θɹʌst/	推力
aisle 名詞	/aɪ̯l/	走道, 過道 /過道
rush 動詞	/ɹʌʃ/	急速去, 急速做
efficient 形容詞	/ɪˈfɪʃənt/	高效率
angle 名詞	/ˈæŋ.ɡəl/	角, 角度
aggressive 形容詞	/əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/	好鬥 /好鬥, 好戰的 /好戰的
slide 名詞	/ˈslaɪ̯d/	滑梯
overcome 動詞	/ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/	征服, 克服
announce 動詞	/əˈnaʊn(t)s/	通告, 公佈

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
come up with 動詞	想出, 提出
figure out 動詞	弄清楚

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	has caused · You've probably been · has been grounded
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	was called · has been grounded

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 9 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 didn't, couldn't, they'll。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: rush /ɹʌʃ/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, certification /ˌsɜː.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, promotional /pɹəˈmoʊʃənəl/, malfunction /ˌmælˈfʌŋk.ʃən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: manufacturer /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/, importantly /ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt.li/, certification /ˌsɜː.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, promotional /pɹəˈmoʊʃənəl/, predecessor /ˈpɹɛd.ə.sɛs.ɚ/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 airplane, compete, manufacturer 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: The real reason Boeing's new plane crashed twice - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

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