Shadowing Practice: The real reason Boeing's new plane crashed twice - Learn English Speaking with Video

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This is an airplane engine.
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It's sitting in a field in Beshaftu, Ethiopia, part of the wreckage of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, which crashed on March 10, 2019.
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157 people died.
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This was just a few months after another flight, Lion Air 610, crashed in Indonesia and killed 189 people.
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These two flights were operating the same plane, the Boeing 737 MAX 8.
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And its engine is the key to understanding why this particular plane has caused so many problems.
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But there's nothing actually wrong with this engine.
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In fact, airplane manufacturers race to put them on their new planes.
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That's where the problems started.
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The two biggest airplane manufacturers in the world are Airbus and Boeing.
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And they have a fierce rivalry.
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If one of them can offer a better plane, the other could lose a lot of money.
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That's exactly what was about to happen in 2010.
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Airbus announced that they would update their most popular model, the A320, a single -aisle airplane that services many domestic flights.
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You've probably been on one.
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For this new plane, Airbus had a big update.
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It would have a new kind of engine.
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It was much larger than the previous engine, but it would make the plane 15 % more fuel -efficient.
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And just as importantly, this upgrade wouldn't change the plane that much.
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A pilot could walk into the new model with little additional training and be on their way.
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It was called the A320neo, and it would save airlines a lot of money.
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This was a problem for Boeing.
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To compete with Airbus, Boeing's obvious move was to upgrade the engine on their single -aisle plane, the 737.
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But there was one issue.
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Here's a sketch of the 737 next to the Airbus A320.
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Notice how the 737 is lower to the ground than the A320.
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This meant Airbus could slide a new engine under the wing of their A320, but there wasn't enough room under the wing of the Boeing 737.
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But a few months later, Boeing's product development head had big news.
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He said, Their solution was to move up the engine on the wing,
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so that it would be slightly higher, and it would fit on their 737s.
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Here's a promotional video of that updated 737 in the air.
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You can actually see that the top of the engine is above the wing.
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Boeing called this model the 737 MAX.
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And just like Airbus with the A320, Boeing said that their new plane was so similar to its predecessor that pilots would only need minimal additional training.
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The 737 MAX became the hottest selling plane on the market.
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And it helped Boeing keep up with Airbus.
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Except moving the engine up on the 737 had a side effect.
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When the 737 MAX was in full thrust, like during takeoff, the nose tended to point too far upward, which could lead to a stall.
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This was a problem because these planes were supposed to behave exactly like the old ones.
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So Boeing came up with a workaround.
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Instead of re -engineering the planes, they installed software that automatically pushed the nose downward if the pilot flew the plane at too high of an angle.
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They called it the Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System, or MCAS.
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But because Boeing was selling the 737 MAX as pretty much the same plane as the 737, they didn't highlight the new MCAS system.
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Many pilots only got a two -hour iPad course before entering the cockpit for the first time.
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And the training material didn't mention the MCAS software.
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In 2018, several American pilots complained to the federal government that the 737 MAX was suddenly nosing down.
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On October 29, 2018, Lion Air Flight 610 took off from Jakarta.
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In the flight report, which shows the plane's altitude over time, you can see that the plane was in full thrust during takeoff.
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But at a certain point, the nose of the plane kept lurching downward.
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The pilots couldn't figure out why this was happening.
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The captain asked the first officer to check the quick reference handbook.
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They couldn't find the solution.
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The pilots continued to fight with the MCAS.
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The plane struggled to gain altitude.
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Reports show it was likely because the computer was getting incorrect sensor data, pushing the plane toward the Earth below.
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12 minutes after takeoff, the plane crashed into the Java Sea.
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In the Ethiopia crash, the report shows that the pilots were actually able to disable the MCAS, but it was too late to overcome the malfunctioning MCAS sensors.
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For now, nearly every 737 MAX 8 in service has been grounded.
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And the Federal Aviation Administration is facing scrutiny over how they rushed this plane through certification.
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Boeing's response has been to apply a software update that makes the MCAS less aggressive, while also saying they'll increase pilot training on how to turn it off.
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This problem started with the company's race to compete with its rival.
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It pushed them to pretend like their new plane behaved exactly like their old one, Even when it didn't

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Este vídeo tiene 62 frases y 820 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 5:34. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 147 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. Solo el 81 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
airplane sustantivo/ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/avión, aeroplano
compete verbo/kəmˈpiːt/competir, competer (disused)
upgrade verbo/əpˈɡɹeɪd/embonar, mejorar
manufacturer sustantivo/ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/fabricante, fabriquero
airline sustantivo/ˈɛɹˌlaɪn/aerolínea, compañía aérea
behave verbo/bɪˈheɪv/portarse
sensor sustantivo/ˈsɛn.sɚ/sensor
thrust verbo/θɹʌst/propulsar
aisle sustantivo/aɪ̯l/nave
downward adverbio/ˈdaʊnwɚd/hacia abajo
rush verbo/ɹʌʃ/correr, apurarse
efficient adjetivo/ɪˈfɪʃənt/eficiente, eficaz
angle sustantivo/ˈæŋ.ɡəl/ángulo
pretend verbo/pɹəˈtɛnd/aparentar, hacer de
aggressive adjetivo/əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/agresivo

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

PalabraSignificado
come up with verboingeniar, ingeniarse
figure out verboaveriguar, captar
keep up with verboseguir, ir al paso

Gramática en este vídeo

Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:

EstructuraEn el vídeo
Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahorahas caused · You've probably been · has been grounded
Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hacewas called · has been grounded

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 9 contracciones y formas reducidas, como didn't, couldn't, they'll. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

  • Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: rush /ɹʌʃ/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, certification /ˌsɜː.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, promotional /pɹəˈmoʊʃənəl/, malfunction /ˌmælˈfʌŋk.ʃən/
  • Palabras largas — cuida el acento: manufacturer /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/, importantly /ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt.li/, certification /ˌsɜː.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, promotional /pɹəˈmoʊʃənəl/, predecessor /ˈpɹɛd.ə.sɛs.ɚ/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

  1. Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
  2. Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
  3. Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como airplane, compete, upgrade.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →