跟讀練習: FOR or SINCE? | Stop Making This Common Mistake - 通過影片學習英語口語
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243 句
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1
Hey everyone!
大家好！
2
Welcome back to Daily English Talk.
歡迎回到 Daily English Talk。
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Yes!
是的！
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We are so happy you are here with us today.
我們非常高興您今天能和我們在一起。
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If you want to keep learning English with us, right now.
如果你想繼續和我們一起學習英語，現在就行動吧。
6
It really helps our channel grow.
這真的有助於我們的頻道發展壯大。
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And today's lesson is a good one.
今天這節課非常精彩。
8
We're talking about two little words that confuse almost every English learner.
我們說的是兩個幾乎讓所有英語學習者都感到困惑的小詞。
9
Exactly, Tom.
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For and since.
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Oh, Lily.
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Don't get me started on this one.
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If this is your first time watching, welcome to the family.
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We make a new English lesson every single day.
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Every day.
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Rain or shine, even when Tom forgets his lines.
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Which happens more than you think.
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It's true.
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Don't judge me.
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What?
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What happened?
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Well, actually, something happened to me this week because of these two words.
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Wait, really?
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Yeah, it wasn't great.
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Okay, now I need to know, what happened?
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Let's just say I sent a text message to someone important and I used the wrong word.
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Just one word.
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One word changed everything?
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One word.
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And that person has not replied to me yet.
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Okay, everyone watching, here's a question for you.
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Tom sent a message using for or since in the wrong way, and it caused a big misunderstanding.
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Before we tell you the story, guess this.
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Who do you think Tom sent that message to?
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This is going to be embarrassing.
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Write your guess in the comments below.
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We won't tell you the answer.
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You'll have to watch and figure it out yourself.
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Good luck!
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Okay, so tell me everything.
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What happened with this text message?
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Okay, so you know I've been living in my new apartment now, right?
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Yes, the one with the tiny kitchen.
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The one with the tiny kitchen, exactly.
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So my landlord, Mr. Baker, he messaged me asking how long I've been living there.
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He wanted it for some paperwork.
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Okay, simple question.
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You would think so.
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So I wanted to say I have lived here since March because I moved in in March, right?
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Right, since March, that's correct.
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But instead, I typed, I have lived here for March. For March? For March.
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Like March is a length of time.
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Tom, March isn't a duration.
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It's a point in time.
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I know that now, but at the time, I was cooking dinner, texting with one hand, and my brain just mixed the words up.
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So what did Mr. Baker say?
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He wrote back, I'm sorry, I don't understand.
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Do you mean since March or for a specific number of months?
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Oh no, he was confused. So confused.
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And then I tried to fix it, but I made it worse.
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Worse?
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How?
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I wrote, sorry, I mean since two months.
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Since two months, Tom?
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No!
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I know.
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Since doesn't go with a number of months like that.
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I panicked!
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Oh my goodness, so now he thinks you don't know how long you've lived in your own apartment.
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Basically, yes, and that's why he hasn't replied yet.
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I think he's still trying to understand my timeline.
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Okay, well, don't worry, because today we are going to fix this problem for you, and for everyone watching, too.
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Please, save me from my landlord's confusion.
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That's exactly what we're going to do.
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Okay, so let's break this down simply.
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For and since both talk about time, but they answer different questions.
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Different questions?
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Like what?
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For answers the question, how long?
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It talks about a period of time, a duration.
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So like for two months, for five years, for a long time.
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Exactly!
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is always followed by a length of time, a number of minutes, days, months, years.
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Okay, I think I understand that part.
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Good!
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Now, since is different.
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Since answers the question, when did it start?
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It talks about a starting point.
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Starting point, like a specific moment.
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Yes!
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Since March, since 2020, since Monday, since I woke up.
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Oh, so since is always connected to a moment in time, not a length of time.
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Exactly.
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You got it.
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So my mistake was I used for with March, which is a specific point, not a duration.
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Yes, that's the mistake.
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And then you used since with two months, which is a duration, not a point.
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I basically used both words backwards.
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You really did.
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But hey, that's how we learn.
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Ah, poor Mr. Baker. So confused.
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Let's give everyone a simple trick to remember this.
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Yes, please.
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I need a trick.
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If you can count it, like, two months, five years, ten minutes, use four.
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Okay.
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Four plus a number.
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Exactly.
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And if it's a specific time or date, like, March, Monday, 2020, or an event, like, since I moved here, use since.
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Since plus a starting point.
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That's actually pretty simple when you explain it like that.
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It really is.
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Both words are used with the present perfect tense usually, like, I have lived, she has worked, we have known.
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Present perfect, right, because the action started in the past and continues now.
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Exactly, that connects everything together.
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Okay, let's go through some examples together with real stories so it really sticks in your memory.
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I love a good story.
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First example.
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I have known my best friend for 10 years.
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10 years.
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Wow.
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Who's your best friend?
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Her name is Hannah.
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We met in university and we have been close for 10 years now.
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That's a long friendship.
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It really is.
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We still call each other every week.
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And notice I said four 10 years because 10 years is a length of time, a duration.
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Right, because you can count it.
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One year, two years, all the way to 10.
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Exactly.
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Now you try, Tom.
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Make a sentence with four.
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Okay, um, I have had my car for three years.
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Perfect.
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That's a great example.
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Actually, my car has had more problems for three years, too.
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Oh no, is it breaking down again?
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The check engine light has been on for two weeks.
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I just ignore it now.
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Oh, Tom, that's dangerous!
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It's fine, it's fine.
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Probably.
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Okay, next example.
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I have lived in this city since 2019. Since 2019?
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That's when you moved here?
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Yes.
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I moved here in 2019, and I've been here ever since.
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So, since 2019 tells us exactly when it started.
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That makes sense.
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So, it's a fixed point, not a length.
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Exactly.
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Your turn.
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Make a sentence with since.
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Okay, I have worked at my job since last September.
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Great sentence!
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And since that day, my boss still doesn't know my last name.
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What?
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How is that possible?
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I don't know.
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Every time he sees me, he just says, Hey you!
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Like I'm a stranger.
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Tom, that's actually really funny.
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Yeah, hilarious for you.
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Not for my paycheck confidence.
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Okay, okay, let's continue.
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Here's another one.
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For a while, for a long time, for ages.
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Those don't have exact numbers, though.
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Right, but they still describe a duration, even if it's not exact.
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Like, I haven't seen my cousin for ages.
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Oh, I can use that.
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I haven't eaten real pizza for ages.
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Only frozen pizza.
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Tom, frozen pizza isn't real pizza?
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It's pizza-shaped cardboard, Lily.
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That's different.
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Okay, fair point.
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Since can also connect to an action or event, not just a date, like, I've been so happy since I got my new job.
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So since plus a full sentence.
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Yes, exactly.
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Since I got my new job is the starting event.
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Okay, let me try.
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I've been more relaxed since I stopped checking my phone at night.
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I love that example.
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That's very true. And healthy.
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Actually, that's not true at all.
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I check my phone constantly.
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Tom!
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I'm kidding.
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I'm kidding.
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Well, half kidding.
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Now let's put it all together.
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Imagine someone asks you, you, how long have you studied English?
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I could say, I have studied English for five years.
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Perfect, because five years is a duration.
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Or I could say, I have studied English since I was 15.
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Exactly right, because since I was 15 is a starting point.
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Wow, so the meaning is almost the same, but the grammar is different because of how we're describing the time.
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Exactly.
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And that's the whole secret.
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Ask yourself, is this a length of time or a starting point?
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Length of time for, starting point since.
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Got it.
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Now you'll never confuse your poor landlord again.
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Please don't remind me.
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I still feel guilty about Mr. Baker.
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I'm sure he'll forgive you.
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I hope so.
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I really like that apartment.
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Okay, let's do a quick recap of what we learned today.
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For is used with a length of time, a duration, like for two years, for a while, for ten minutes.
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And since is used with a specific starting point, like a date, a time, or an event.
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Since 2020, since Monday, since I woke up.
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And both are usually used with the present perfect tense, because the action started in the past and continues now.
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Exactly!
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If you remember just one thing from today, remember this.
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Can you count it?
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Use 4.
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Is it a starting point?
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Use since.
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Simple as that.
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And I'm proud of you for learning this today, because so many English learners mix these up.
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Even some Toms mix these up too, apparently.
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Even some Toms, yes!
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Okay, now it's your turn.
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In the comments below, write one sentence using 4, and one sentence using since.
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Tell us how long you've been learning English or when you started.
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We really want to read your sentences, so don't be shy.
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Write them down.
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And don't forget, what's your guess about question from earlier?
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Who do you think Tom sent that confusing text message to?
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Please be gentle with your guesses.
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We'll see all your comments, so make sure to join the conversation.
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Well, that's it for today's lesson, everyone.
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We hope for and since make a lot more since now.
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And we hope you had fun with us too.
238
If you enjoyed this video, please give it a like, and if you're new here, subscribe so you don't miss our daily lessons.
239
We upload a brand new episode every single day, so there's always something new to learn with us.
240
Thank you so much for spending this time with us today.
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See you in the next episode.
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Bye everyone!
243
And wish me luck with Mr. Baker.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 B1 級別的口語課以影片“FOR or SINCE?”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：Tom, exactly, March, starting, English。 這段影片共有 243 個句子、1712 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 12:08。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 141 個詞，很適合跟讀。 87% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙容易理解。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| duration 名詞 | /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 時間 /時間, 長短 /長短 |
| confuse 動詞 | /kənˈfjuːz/ | 讓……困惑 /讓……困惑 |
| learner 名詞 | /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/ | 學習者 /學習者 |
| tense 名詞 | /tɛns/ | 時態 /時態, 時制 /時制 |
| freeze 動詞 | /ˈfɹiːz/ | 凍結 /凍結, 凍 /凍 |
| embarrass 動詞 | /ɪmˈbæɹəs/ | 使…尷尬 /使…尷尬, 使…困窘 |
| misunderstand 動詞 | /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/ | 誤會 /誤會, 誤解 /誤解 |
| cardboard 名詞 | /ˈkɑɹdˌbɔɹd/ | 紙板 /紙板, 硬紙板 /硬紙板 |
| backward 形容詞 | /ˈbækwɚd/ | 逆向 |
| paperwork 名詞 | /ˈpeɪ.pɚˌwɝk/ | 文書工作 /文書工作, 公文處理 /公文處理 |
| upload 動詞 | /ˈʌpˌloʊd/ | 上載 /上載, 上傳 /上傳 |
| subscribe 動詞 | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | 簽署 /簽署 |
| timeline 名詞 | /ˈtaɪmˌlaɪn/ | 年表, 時間軸 /時間軸 |
| shine 動詞 | /ʃaɪn/ | 發亮 /發亮, 照 |
| grammar 名詞 | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | 語法 /語法, 文法 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| wake up 動詞 | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | 醒, 醒來 /醒來 |
| break down 動詞 | 壞了 /壞了, 出故障 | |
| go through 動詞 | 通過 /通過 |
值得反覆跟讀的句子
影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：
- Don't get me started on this one.
- We won't tell you the answer.
- You'll have to watch and figure it out yourself.
- Who's your best friend?
- That's when you moved here?
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成進行時 have/has been + -ing — 以前開始、現在仍在繼續的動作 | I've been living · you've been learning |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | has not replied · have lived · you've lived |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | is always followed · is always connected |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | March, which is · months, which is |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 41 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, I'm, I've。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, shine /ʃaɪn/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, hilarious /hɪˈlɛə.ɹi.əs/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: confuse /kənˈfjuːz/, landlord /ˈlæn(d).lɔɹd/, tense /tɛns/, freeze /ˈfɹiːz/, embarrass /ɪmˈbæɹəs/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: learner /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/, landlord /ˈlæn(d).lɔɹd/, hilarious /hɪˈlɛə.ɹi.əs/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/
- /æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: landlord /ˈlæn(d).lɔɹd/, embarrass /ɪmˈbæɹəs/, misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, backward /ˈbækwɚd/, grammar /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 duration, confuse, learner 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。