跟讀練習: NEUROSCIENTIST - You Will NEVER Lose Motivation AGAIN! - 通過影片學習英語口語
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103 句
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Let's learn how to work our machinery a little bit.
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I agree.
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We don't in this culture teach people how to operate their mind and body.
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How do you get motivated?
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Well, one way to do that is if you are good at subjectively attaching dopamine to the pursuit.
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Just knowing, okay, I really am hungry for this.
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I'm just going to tell myself that, you know, making it 1% of the way is a success.
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And I'm going to keep going and I'm going to keep ratcheting on.
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And then the other aspect of it is that anytime that we're leaning into action,
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you know, it has the possibility of being an amplifying process or a depleting process.
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And the key to that is making sure that you're balancing the dopamine and epinephrine systems.
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We have to remember that this mechanism of dopamine and pathfinding to goals is in every animal,
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humans dogs Sheep so grazing animal might be on a really barren landscape.
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They go some direction and They don't smell water
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which animals can do and so they veer off course
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And then all of a sudden they get a little bit of scent of water at
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that point That's when the dopamine is released not when they get the water and drink from it
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So that puts them in energy to get there
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You know you think about walking in the desert
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and you're just dying of thirst
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and all of a sudden you spot a big lake All
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of a sudden you will have the energy to run the remaining mile Whereas before you thought you were gonna die.
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How is that?
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How is that?
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It's not like more glycogen is suddenly available It's not like ketones did it for you.
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So what did it?
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That's dopamine.
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That's dopamine release that says there's a reward waiting for me
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And I would say finally in 2020 we finally as a
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field got a clear idea of how dopamine is really working If you can start to register, ah, that craving and that friction and that desire,
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that almost kind of low level of agitation, sometimes high level of agitation, that is that I'm trying to impose my will on the world in a benevolent way, we hope, that's dopamine.
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It's working with its close cousin, which is epinephrine, which is adrenaline.
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They are very close cousins.
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In fact, dopamine manufactures epinephrine.
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A lot of people don't know this, but adrenaline is actually made from the molecule dopamine.
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Okay, so those two are hanging out together.
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It's like crave work, crave work, crave and work, crave and work, crave and work.
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And then you get the win.
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And some people allow the big peak in dopamine to be associated with the win.
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and smart people learn to adjust their celebration internally, right?
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This is all internal.
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You could throw the biggest party in the world, but as long as you're kind of laid back and looking at this, not letting yourself get manic crazy,
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you won't necessarily crash as hard, and pretty soon your system will reset.
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So you take the day, you clean up the dishes, you relax, you go, what now?
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I'm feeling a little low.
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Well, rather than going out and spiking your dopamine again, Just wait understand that the scale will reset again.
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Give yourself a few days where you're gonna feel a little kind of underwhelm Things aren't gonna be as interesting
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It's gonna be hard to trigger that big release because you just had that the peak Well, if you adjust that you relax you understand there's always a little bit of a postpartum depression
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We sometimes hear about postpartum depression.
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That's a clinical thing But there's always
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that kind of hmm today's not as exciting as a previous days What am I going to do with my life?
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But then, if you let it start ratcheting up again, then what you realize is your capacity to tap into dopamine as a motivator,
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not just seeking dopamine rewards, that is infinite.
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And I can say with great certainty that this is how you were able to build a big company and sell it, how you've been able to build a successful podcast and sell it,
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how you're constantly seeking because seeking is the reward.
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And I think for most people, we think of the reward as the finish line.
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And so the key is to get to the finish line, step into the end zone, but no end zone dance.
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It's just like, yep, and now I'm going to go do it again.
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How we view the world is shaping the release of these chemicals.
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And I do believe this happens when we have positive thoughts, we get a lift.
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If we can get a lift from our positive thoughts
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and then dopamine itself puts us in relationship with the outside world such
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that we view the outside world as having more possibility, that is going to put us into forward momentum.
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There are good, there are a lot of studies to support that.
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The key with positive thinking is is that it has to be honest.
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It can't be I've already won, you know, I don't have an Olympic gold medal.
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If I could tell myself I'm gonna get one tomorrow, but I just don't have the skills.
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So that's not gonna release dopamine in my system.
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The key thing is that you can't just be all gas pedal all the time without rewarding yourself.
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It's mental energy, it's the desire to push on, it's the desire to keep going.
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So we need some consistent dopamine hits throughout the days or our months to give us more energy to pursue.
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That's right.
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But we don't want to be over pursued because then we'll burn out.
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That's right.
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And so everyone has to find where that sweet spot is.
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There's a lot of interest these days in like habits
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and habit formation because when you move that horizon in close and you complete something small, it's not about what you completed, it's the fact that you complete it.
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So one thing to understand is that dopamine release in the brain is always subjective.
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There's no experience that has unique domain over dopamine release that will only allow dopamine release.
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So it's very subjective.
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So if I say to myself, I'm going to get into the process of doing something, we have a new year coming up, so there'll be a lot of resolutions soon.
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The, it's not, if you attach the dopamine release to the process of effort or goal setting itself,
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you'll have more energy to be in effort.
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And then if you can attach dopamine release to the belief that you're at least heading in the right direction, you'll have more energy to keep going in the right direction.
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People make the mistake of thinking that the positive thought process should be attached to the finish line.
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It's not about thinking you've already won.
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It's not about being delusional.
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It's about thinking that your training is going to take you to the finish line.
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And so it's about moving that mental horizon in more closely
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and then triggering some sort of positive internal representation of what you're doing.
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Meaning thinking positive.
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And people this is usually where I get stopped and people say wait, but it sounds so subjective Tell me exactly how to do it, but here's a good thought.
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It's it's supposed to be subjective
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This is this new
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Everyone needs to figure out what allows them to continue to
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be in forward momentum what allows them to constrain the world of possibilities
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and to go after goals and how often to self-reward because
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But the key is the self word because
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if you start only pursuing external rewards That's when you are no longer in control of your dopamine system
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Make sure that that reward really bask in it really appreciate what you've done
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and what's come to you and but and here's a very important but is but
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Take that feeling of being saturated with dopamine, the huge win, and attach it to the effort process that got you there.
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關於本課
在本課中，我們將通過分析這段由神經科學家提供的講解來提高英語聽力和口語能力。我們將專注於如何激勵自己，並利用多巴胺和腎上腺素的概念，幫助我們在追求目標的過程中保持動力。通過跟讀和模仿影片的語調和節奏，學習者可以更好地理解如何在實際語境中運用這些概念，進而提高自己的英語水平。
關鍵詞彙和短語
- 多巴胺 (dopamine) - 一種影響動力和獎勵感的神經遞質。
- 腎上腺素 (epinephrine) - 與多巴胺相關的激素，負責應對應激和提高能量。
- 激勵 (motivation) - 推動我們做出某種行為的內在驅動力。
- 追求 (pursuit) - 努力達成目標或完成某項任務的行為。
- 能量 (energy) - 在實現目標過程中所需的精神或身體狀態。
- 成功 (success) - 達成目標或實現期望的狀態。
- 調節 (adjust) - 根據情況做出變化或改善的過程。
- 慶祝 (celebrate) - 為了成功而進行的正面行為，常以聚會或活動形式表現。
練習技巧
在進行英語影子跟讀練習時，建議您選擇影片的較低速度，以便更好地捕捉聽到的每一個詞句。可以先聆聽一段後，暫停影片，並逐句跟讀。注意發音、語調和節奏，儘量模仿講者的語氣和情感表達。對於某些較快的部分，可以反覆播放，直到您對內容完全理解並能夠流暢跟讀。在練習過程中，務必保持放鬆，給自己一定的適應時間，不要追求一開始就做到完美；這有助於您的大腦逐漸適應新的語音和節奏。利用這個shadowing site的特點，不斷練習和調整自己的發音，逐漸提高口語能力。常常進行這樣的練習，可以幫助您在英語口語表達上取得顯著的進步。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | is released · is actually made · be associated |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | you've been · I've already won · you've already won |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。