跟讀練習: The Jesus Problem - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Jesus Christ is the son of God and God himself, say the many different Christian groups.

No wait, if you ask these Christians, who most Christians don't agree on are actually Christian, Jesus Christ is solely the son of God.

Oh actually no, that's not true either.

Because if I ask these guys, they believe Jesus Christ was a holy prophet, who basically brought the second iteration of the Quran.

No no no no no no, you guys got it all wrong.

Jesus Christ is a false prophet and, uh, by the way, was a danger to society, Say the Jewish groups.

God, you guys are stu- I mean, peer-reviewed study.

You guys are stupid.

Jesus never existed.

And you're all following some code because you can't accept you'll die one day.

May that be a reminder for everyone in the comment section

that just because you don't agree with something doesn't mean you should assault someone for it.

Each group looks at Christ differently.

But one thing is for certain.

Almost all historians, no matter what group they are from, agree Jesus did indeed exist.

The real debate, however, is not whether Jesus existed, but whether he could really perform miracles or was just an ordinary man.

And while I answer you that question, which I have to before I can tell you about his life, first, I'm going to ruin every historian's day.

Classify the debating groups in percentage of world population

and add whether they believe Jesus performed miracles or was just an ordinary man.

And we get this.

34% of our world population is Christian, so they definitely believe Christ performed miracles.

0.2% of our population is Jewish and are basically the antagonist of Christ, since historically they claim he was a false messiah or even a slick sorcerer,

so in their opinion he was just a man.

Then we have the Muslims, who make up 25% of all humans, though they don't believe Jesus was the son of Allah since Allah has no children.

They do believe he performed miracles by powers that Allah granted him.

Then we have the atheists, who make up 16% of our population and they believe Jesus was just a man.

Finally, we have the, and I am so sorry for squashing all of you together, the Others.

So the Hindus, Buddhists, folk religions and other smaller religious groups.

They make up the remaining 25% and they believe and don't believe at the same time.

Very confusing stuff, because half of them don't even know themselves what Jesus really was.

Some Buddhists would argue he could really walk on water and heal others, which is definitely a miracle, but according to them that was because he was some high level monk.

Hindus in their regard have groups that argue Jesus was an avatar of Vishnu

and that his miracles were like those of Krishna or Rama.

It's very detailed stuff that requires a big theology brain and time, which we don't have for this video.

So our grand final results?

59% of humanity believes Jesus performed miracles.

16.2% believes he didn't and 25% are in Schrodinger's miracle, both believing and not believing at once.

Split the others group in 50-50 and we get this.

71.5% of humanity believes in Jesus' miracles and roughly 28.5% thinks he was just a guy.

Simplify it even more and 3 out of 4 people believe Jesus performed miracles.

Simplify it even, even more and humanity believes Jesus performed miracles.

Don't hate me, I'm just following maths and rules here that we all taught in primary in high school.

But historically you hack!

You're a history channel, not a Sunday school.

You can't let religion stray you away from the truth and history, the truth that is written in the books.

Well, these are books too, aren't they?

I get it though.

In our current state of the world, we want science to confirm miracles.

We can't simply follow the rule of a bigger group diplomacy.

Everyone believed for a long time washing your hands before surgery was ridiculous.

And look at us now, we wash our hands daily.

Hopefully.

There is no peer reviewed study saying

that you can shout BE HEALED at a blind guy and suddenly give him 20-20 vision.

Nobody in a lab has figured out how to resurrect someone

after three days of them passing without them smelling like a neglected lunchbox.

And no physicist is currently working on a walking on water for beginners tutorial.

But here is the problem.

Lack of scientific proof does not equal proof of absence.

See, history and science don't always play by the same rules.

Science needs repeatability.

You drop an apple, it falls.

You zap water with electricity, someone gets a very bad day. But history?

History is a one-shot event.

You can't rewind time and tell Julius Caesar, Hey, get stabbed 23 times again, but this time, let's get it on a GoPro.

Okay, I mean, I can, but you can't.

And that's where we get stuck because history relies on testimonies, documents and artifacts.

If we had thousands of documents stating a dragon attacked a city, do we believe it or do we disregard what history has written and interpret it with our current knowledge on science?

It's a matter of relative and absolute truth.

A Muslim will never believe that Jesus was crucified because their truth is the word of Allah, thus the Quran.

It's their absolute truth.

But an atheist, Jew and Christian would bring up that there are documents stating he was really crucified.

In their absolute truth, they would call the Islam view on it relative truth.

The Muslim though would call their view the relative truth.

The same can be said in reverse as well.

An atheist, though not all of them, will always claim karma isn't real and that everything happens according to the laws of nature.

For those people, it's the absolute truth.

But a Hindu would swear that karma is indeed a very real thing.

Absolute truth.

The way I see it, the concept of absolute and relative truth is simply a way to respectfully say you are wrong and I am right.

Your truth is fake, mine is real, but I'm not going to bluntly say that.

I'm simply going to say that your truth is relative to you and that mine is absolute.

Sure, some might be really enlightened and call their own truth relative as well

and follow it up by saying that no truth is absolute.

But if you start to really dig into that hole, then you'll quickly find out that they are lying.

Atheist would tell his Christian, Muslim and Jewish friend that he doesn't believe Jesus performed miracles.

The Jew would immediately be his best friend.

But the Christian and Muslim would immediately start arguing

that he really did do miracles and then continue to argue between each other to what extent he did things.

The atheist then says, but guys, that's just my relative truth to each their own.

Okay, then everyone else says in perfect unison.

Then you don't mind that the Christian teaches us in primary school to go to church each Sunday.

That the Muslim encourages people to cover up as much skin as possible

and that the Jew will circumcise you on the eighth day after birth.

No, no, wait, the atheist says.

That's not right.

I don't want to be forced to go somewhere on Sunday.

I don't want to be told what clothes to wear and I feel like circumcision is mutilation.

Wait, but why is that?

100

Well, it doesn't feel right.

101

It doesn't make me happy and it goes against my beliefs.

102

I want to do what I want.

103

Ah, so your truth isn't so relative after all, is it?

104

The atheist then probably snaps and circles back to science as the proof, and we start the whole cycle of absolute and relative truth again.

105

Everyone has an absolute truth when it starts affecting them.

106

The whole live and let live thing is great until someone else starts stepping on your toes.

107

Suddenly, the atheist doesn't want religion influencing laws.

108

The Muslim doesn't want secular values eroding their traditions.

109

The Jew doesn't want their faith mocked in public.

110

And this is where the real discussion starts.

111

Not on whether Jesus existed, not on whether he performed miracles, but on whose truth gets to shape the history of the world we live in.

112

Everyone has a truth they refuse to let go of.

113

And the moment someone else's truth starts to threaten it, boom!

114

War.

115

Comment section war.

116

Literal war.

117

The entire history of human civilization.

118

Just one big messy argument over who gets to be right.

119

So what do we do?

120

Well, lucky for us, we've got options.

121

Three of them to be exact.

122

We all just mind our business and agree that the truth is whatever makes people happy.

123

You believe in miracles?

124

Cool.

125

You don't?

126

That's cool too.

127

Just keep it to yourself and don't make a big deal out of it.

128

The problem with this option?

129

This only works in theory.

130

The moment someone has to live by a law that contradicts their beliefs, the gloves come off.

131

Back to war.

132

Then we have the second option.

133

We go full science mode.

134

No feelings, no faith, just pure empirical data.

135

If we can't test it, it's not real.

136

That's great, except that means killing a lot of cultural beliefs and traditions.

137

And humans tend to get very murdery when you try that.

138

Okay, then how about option 3?

139

We acknowledge that the phenomenon absolute truth is probably real, but we also admit that no single human has the full picture.

140

Meaning, everyone's right, everyone's wrong.

141

And we all have to live in that uncomfortable space where we tolerate each other without losing our own convictions.

142

But that requires humility.

143

And let's be real, humanity sucks out humility.

144

So yeah, Jesus did miracles.

145

Or he didn't.

146

Or maybe he did, but for different reasons.

147

What really matters is, what are you gonna do about it?

148

Oh yeah, right.

149

Here's Jesus in 4 minutes.

150

Introducing our jury.

151

Each will press a button when it corresponds with what the majority of the group thinks.

152

So if what's being said is true in the eyes of the majority of the group, they will press the big button.

153

And for you Christianity, might as well tape your finger down onto the button.

154

Four minutes to oversimplify our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, go!

155

Cue the Middle East.

156

First century Roman Empire.

157

Not a fun time to be alive, unless you were Roman and rich.

158

If you were poor, life expectancy wasn't great.

159

Taxes were insane.

160

And being crucified was literally a common punishment.

161

In the year four, not zero.

162

An angel came to a woman who was a virgin named Mary

163

and said she would conceive a baby that will literally be the son of God.

164

But I'm a virgin.

165

The Holy Spirit will make you pregnant.

166

Mmm, okay.

167

So Jesus was born nine months later and shepherds and wise men arrive to give frankly terrible baby gifts.

168

Like Myr that's literally used to embalm dead bodies.

169

Anyway, Herod, Rome's puppet king in Judea, hears a new king has been born and immediately loses his mind.

170

He orders a mass baby genocide.

171

So the mother of Jesus, the dad, Joseph and Jesus flee to Egypt till Herod died.

172

Which luckily he shortly did.

173

They then return and settle back down.

174

Then for the next 12 years there is nothing about Christ.

175

Aside from one incident where he ran away from home to debate Jewish theologists.

176

Then again 18 years nothing.

177

Jesus and his family were attending a wedding when suddenly the wine ran out.

178

Jesus!

179

They have no more wine.

180

Woman, why do you involve me?

181

My hour has not yet come.

182

Do whatever he tells you.

183

Fine, bring me six jars of water.

184

And Jesus turned it into the finest wine they had ever tasted.

185

Finally, at age 30, Jesus steps onto the big scene.

186

And he doesn't do it alone.

187

Meet Jesus' cousin, John the Baptist.

188

John is a wild dude.

189

He wears camel hair clothes and eats locusts and honey.

190

Then one day, Jesus shows up and and asked John to baptize him in the Jordan River.

191

Uh, shouldn't you be baptizing me?

192

Nope, do it.

193

So John does.

194

And the moment Jesus comes up from the water, the heavens open, the Holy Spirit descends like a dove, and a voice from the heavens says,

195

This is my son, in whom I am well pleased.

196

Game on!

197

But first, Jesus has to face the devil.

198

Right after his baptism, Jesus goes into the wilderness for 40 days to fast and pray.

199

And who shows up?

200

Satan himself.

201

The devil hits him with three temptations.

202

If you are really the son of God, turn these stones to bread and eat it.

203

Men shall not live by bread alone.

204

Prove you are really the messiah by jumping off the temple and having angels catch you.

205

Do not test God.

206

Worship me and I'll give you all the kingdoms of the world.

207

Get lost, I worship God alone.

208

Satan dips and Jesus wins.

209

Jesus Christ continues to walk along the Galilee, calling out fishermen and a tax collector to follow him.

210

In total, Jesus picks 12 men to follow him.

211

And yes, that is Judas, the one who betrays him later.

212

This is where Jesus starts going viral.

213

He heals the sick, feeds 5,000 people with just 5 loaves of bread and 2 fish, walks on water, calms storms,

214

casts out demons, and raises people from the dead.

215

The crowds love him.

216

But you know who don't love Jesus?

217

The Pharisees.

218

Who were the die-hard, let's follow the rules

219

so God will cast out the Romans and we get Israel back kind of people.

220

They hated Jesus because they loved rules.

221

Jesus kept breaking their rules.

222

He ate with sinners, he heals on the Sabbath and they called out hypocritical religious leaders.

223

At this point, the Pharisees start plotting how to kill him.

224

Jesus and the gang enters Jerusalem where he continues to expose corrupt people and even predicted his own death in parables.

225

Then, that night at dinner, he calls all his disciples together and tells them, like it's the most normal thing in the world, that one of them will betray him.

226

Oh, I wonder who would do that?

227

Turns out, he would.

228

Jesus, watch out!

229

Judas is going to betray you!

230

You seem to be in the wrong era, time traveler.

231

Judas was offered 30 silver coins, which equals to about $200 nowadays to rent out Jesus.

232

Judas then went back inside

233

and kissed Jesus as a mark for the Romans to identify who to capture and Jesus was taken to trial.

234

Immediately he was sentenced to crucifixion to death.

235

Jesus was beaten, whipped, mocked and forced to drag a huge cross outside the city.

236

There he was nailed to it next to two criminals.

237

But Jesus forgave his sins.

238

Shortly followed Jesus cried out to the heavens, Father forgive them for they know not what they do.

239

After six excruciating hours on the cross, Jesus softly spoke, It is finished, and the Son of God dies by the hand of mankind.

240

Then the sky turned to pitch black and one nearby Roman was like, Uh, guys, I think he wasn't kidding about being the Son of God.

241

Jesus was then put into a tomb and after three days turned back alive.

242

He hung with his disciples for a bit and 40 days later, Jesus ascends into the heavens, promising to come back one day on Judgment Day.

243

His followers go on to spread his teachings worldwide.

244

Christianity explodes across the Roman Empire and Jesus Christ becomes the most influential person in history.

245

You can move your head now.

246

And this is the absolute relative truth about Jesus Christ.

247

Listen, whether you believe the story or not, you can't deny the story of Christ is a part of history.

248

It shaped the thought process of literally everyone on our planet and still does to this day.

249

Kingdoms were raised and destroyed in the Lord's name.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節 B2 級別的口語課以影片“The Jesus Problem”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：Jesus, truth, miracle, Christ, absolute。這段影片共有 249 個句子、2714 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 14:57。說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 182 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 83% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
miracle 名詞	/ˈmɪɹ.ə.kəl/	奇跡 /奇蹟
atheist 名詞	/ˈeɪ.θi.ɪst/	無神論者 /無神論者
betray 動詞	/bɪˈtɹeɪ/	背叛, 出賣 /出賣
heal 動詞	/ˈhiːl/	醫治 /醫治
baptize 動詞	/ˈbæptaɪz/	施洗, 施浸
disciple 名詞	/dɪˈsaɪ.pəl/	弟子, 門徒 /門徒
satin 名詞	/ˈsæt.ɪn/	緞子 /緞子, 色丁
simplify 動詞	/ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/	簡化 /簡化
messiah 名詞	/məˈsaɪ.ə/	彌賽亞 /彌賽亞
humility 名詞	/hjuːˈmɪlɪti/	謙卑 /謙卑, 謙遜 /謙遜
karma 名詞	/kərm(ə)/	因果報應 /因果報應, 業 /業
prophet 名詞	/ˈpɹɑ.fɪt/	先知, 預言家 /預言家
peer 名詞	/pɪɹ/	同輩 /同輩, 同齡人 /同齡人
antagonist 名詞	/ænˈtæɡənɪst/	對手 /對手, 敵手 /敵手
artifact 名詞	/ˈɑɹtɪfækt/	人工製品 /人工製品

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	發音	釋義
show up 動詞		露面
bring up 動詞		撫養 /撫養, 養大 /養大
come back 動詞		回來 /回來, 返回
cover up 動詞		掩蓋 /掩蓋, 掩飾 /掩飾
figure out 動詞		弄清楚
find out 動詞		找出, 查明
go back 動詞		回去, 返回
make up 動詞	/ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/	組成 /組成

值得反覆跟讀的句子

影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：

Ah, so your truth isn't so relative after all, is it?
You believe in miracles?
If we can't test it, it's not real.
What really matters is, what are you gonna do about it?
Woman, why do you involve me?

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	is written · BE HEALED · was crucified
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	has figured · has written · has been born
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	others, which is · woman who was · one who betrays

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 49 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, doesn't, can't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“th” 音: atheist /ˈeɪ.θi.ɪst/, theology /θiˈɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/, threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, eighth /eɪtθ/
“sh” 和 “zh” 音: circumcision /ˌsɜː(ɹ)kəmˈsɪʒən/, crucifixion /ˌkɹuːsɪˈfɪkʃən/, excruciating /ɪkˈskɹuʃi.eɪtɪŋ/, fisherman /ˈfɪʃ.ɚ.mən/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: humility /hjuːˈmɪlɪti/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/, antagonist /ænˈtæɡənɪst/, circumcision /ˌsɜː(ɹ)kəmˈsɪʒən/, crucifixion /ˌkɹuːsɪˈfɪkʃən/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: conceive /kənˈsiːv/, traveller /ˈtɹævəlɚ/, dove /doʊv/, avatar /ˌæv.əˈtɑː(ɹ)/, glove /ɡlʌv/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: atheist /ˈeɪ.θi.ɪst/, baptize /ˈbæptaɪz/, mock /mɑk/, prophet /ˈpɹɑ.fɪt/, antagonist /ænˈtæɡənɪst/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: miracle /ˈmɪɹ.ə.kəl/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/, traveller /ˈtɹævəlɚ/, follower /ˈfɒləʊə(ɹ)/, empirical /ɪmˈpɪɹɪkəl/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 miracle, atheist, betray 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: The Jesus Problem - 通過影片學習英語口語

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