跟讀練習: The Monroe Doctrine Explained in 5 Minutes - 通過影片學習英語口語
選擇練習模式
每種模式都會開啟全屏練習室。
56 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
It's 1823.
2
The map of the Americas is being redrawn.
3
Spain has spent centuries amassing a new world empire stretching from Patagonia to California.
4
Now their grip was slipping fast.
5
One by one, Spain's colonies are declaring independence.
6
And back in Europe, the old empires are not taking it well.
7
They're asking themselves, what's to stop us from taking it all back?
8
The United States had come into being mere decades ago in the revolution.
9
Then we fought Britain again in the War of 1812.
10
America was concerned of the involvement of foreign empires in the New World.
11
Now, America sensed an opportunity to establish a new order.
12
Britain, focused on protecting its trade with the emerging nation, proposed a joint declaration with the United States to deter intervention.
13
But Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, suspicious of British motives, convinced President James Monroe to act independently.
14
Monroe then declared a decree to Congress, among the boldest diplomatic statements in American history.
15
The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintained,
16
are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.
17
The United States, still a young frontier nation, positioned itself as the preeminent power in the new world
18
and set the stage for centuries of American foreign policy in our hemisphere.
19
This decree transformed America's role in standing in the global order, though initially relying on the deterrence of the British Navy to enforce it.
20
For decades, the doctrine served as a defensive shield while America expanded westward.
21
It was invoked when the French installed an emperor in Mexico, forcing their eventual withdrawal.
22
It shaped debates over attempted annexations like the Dominican Republic.
23
But these were defensive applications, keeping European powers out, not asserting American control over the hemisphere's affairs.
24
changed in 1895, when Secretary of State Richard Olney invoked the doctrine,
25
declaring that the United States was practically sovereign over the Western Hemisphere and demanded Britain submit to American arbitration.
26
He had redefined the doctrine.
27
It was no longer just a warning.
28
It was now a claim to regional primacy.
29
Three years later, war with Spain erupted, and when the smoke cleared, it transformed the Hemisphere.
30
The United States expelled Spain from Cuba, seized Puerto Rico, and stepped into the world stage as a genuine imperial power with dominance over the Caribbean.
31
Just four years later, that dominance was tested again.
32
German and British warships sailed into Venezuelan waters and blockaded its ports over unpaid debts.
33
Roosevelt intervened and declared if a Latin American nation fell into chaos or instability, the U.S would step in and manage it.
34
The doctrine has started as a shield.
35
Roosevelt had just turned it into a mandate.
36
A critical opportunity for American leadership in the Western Hemisphere came in 1903, when Panama sought independence from Colombia.
37
Both Europe and the U.S had long wanted a canal in Central America, allowing ships to cross from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
38
After a failed French attempt, the United States saw an opening, and a region was shifting political dynamics.
39
The U.S backed Panamanian independence and secured a deal to construct, operate, and defend the Panama Canal.
40
The waterway would go on to become the hemisphere's most critical artery for trade, a strategic asset for both world wars,
41
and a testament to America's enduring leadership in the region.
42
When Soviet missiles were discovered in Cuba in 1962, Kennedy didn't need to invent a new framework.
43
He simply invoked the doctrine.
44
The weapons had to go.
45
13 days of the most dangerous standoff in human history ended with the Soviets backing down and removing the missiles from Cuba.
46
Reagan applied the same logic to justify opposition to Soviet-backed Sandinista regime in Nicaragua and other Marxist groups,
47
arguing that ideological threats required the same response as military ones.
48
Fast forward to the modern era, where the doctrine has found its latest champion in President Trump.
49
Through the execution of Operation Absolute Resolve, the United States seized Venezuelan dictator Nicolás Maduro,
50
transporting him to American soil to answer for charges of narco-terrorism.
51
This calculated maneuver delivered a resident signal across the hemisphere, punctuated by President Trump's own declaration.
52
Under our new national security strategy, American dominance in the Western Hemisphere will never be questioned again.
53
Over two centuries, Monroe's declaration had shaped U.S foreign policy across administrations and throughout fundamentally different geopolitical eras.
54
What began as a warning to European powers evolved into a framework for regional dominance,
55
one that remains the cornerstone of American strategy in the hemisphere today.
56
Next, we will learn about George Kennan, best known for his policy of containment during the Cold War.
同頻道
FOR YOU
推薦影片
B21
113 句
America’s White Slavery Crisis They Don’t Teach You About
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B2229
10 句
1984 Presidential Debate: Reagan v. Mondale
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepBusiness English
B22
33 句
Roosevelt - A Day Which Will Live In Infamy
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B24
41 句
PROOF ALIENS ACTUALLY EXIST
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B23
68 句
How America became a superpower
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
![Theodore Roosevelt "The Right of the People to Rule" Speech (1912) [AUDIO RESTORED]](https://img.youtube.com/vi/kRaYxYTlGVM/mqdefault.jpg)
C13
43 句
Theodore Roosevelt "The Right of the People to Rule" Speech (1912) [AUDIO RESTORED]
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B23
88 句
Des États américains dénoncent les politiques du président Trump
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepDaily Conversation
B25
32 句
Shangri-La debates global security future | Vietnam Today
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B26
109 句
The President Delivers Remarks on Iran
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepDaily Conversation
B27
37 句
Matthew McConaughey - Howdy America 250
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B22
49 句
Top 3 Theories in International Relations Explained
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B22
14 句
Harding Speech
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 B2 級別的口語課以影片“The Monroe Doctrine Explained in 5 Minutes”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：hemisphere, doctrine, America, dominance, invoked。 這段影片共有 56 個句子、782 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 5:37。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 139 個詞，很適合跟讀。 只有 71% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| hemisphere 名詞 | /ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/ | 半球 |
| doctrine 名詞 | /ˈdɑk.tɹɪn/ | 教條 /教條, 教義 /教義 |
| dominance 名詞 | /ˈdɑmɪnəns/ | 優勢 /優勢, 支配地位 |
| declare 動詞 | /dɪˈklɛɚ/ | 宣佈 |
| declaration 名詞 | /ˌdɛk.ləˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 報單 /報單 |
| seize 動詞 | /ˈsiːz/ | 抓獲 /抓獲, 攫取 |
| decree 名詞 | /dɪˈkɹiː/ | 法令, 上諭 /上諭 |
| transform 動詞 | /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/ | 變換 /變換, 變形 /變形 |
| missile 名詞 | /ˈmɪs.aɪl/ | 飛彈 /飛彈, 導彈 /導彈 |
| annexation 名詞 | 併吞 /併吞, 合併 /合併 | |
| colonization 名詞 | /kɔlənɪˈzɛjʃən/ | 殖民地化 |
| cornerstone 名詞 | /ˈkɔɹ.nɚ.stoʊn/ | 奠基石, 基石 |
| deterrence 名詞 | /dɪˈtɝɹəns/ | 威懾 /威懾 |
| geopolitical 形容詞 | 地緣政治學的 /地緣政治學的 | |
| henceforth 副詞 | /hɛnsˈfɔɹθ/ | 從此 /從此, 從此以後 /從此以後 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| back down 動詞 | 做出讓步 /做出讓步 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | be considered · was invoked · was tested |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | has spent · have assumed · has started |
需要注意的發音
- “th” 音: henceforth /hɛnsˈfɔɹθ/, withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: declaration /ˌdɛk.ləˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, colonization /kɔlənɪˈzɛjʃən/, warship /ˈwɔɹˌʃɪp/, arbitration /ˌɑɹ.bɪˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, suspicious /səˈspɪʃ.əs/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: declaration /ˌdɛk.ləˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, colonization /kɔlənɪˈzɛjʃən/, preeminent /priˈɛm ə nənt/, instability /ɪnstəˈbɪlɪti/, arbitration /ˌɑɹ.bɪˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: invoke /ɪnˈvoʊk/, maneuver /məˈnuvɚ/, invent /ɪnˈvɛnt/, intervene /ˌɪntəˈviːn/, eventual /ɪˈvɛn.t͡ʃu.əl/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: dominance /ˈdɑmɪnəns/, invoke /ɪnˈvoʊk/, seize /ˈsiːz/, containment /kənˈteɪnmənt/, deterrence /dɪˈtɝɹəns/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: declaration /ˌdɛk.ləˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 hemisphere, doctrine, dominance 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。