跟讀練習: Tolkien Said He Would Have Refused to Go - 通過影片學習英語口語
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122 句
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The man who wrote the greatest adventure story in the English language was asked whether he'd have gone on one.
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His answer, he'd have made an excuse.
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And that answer was never broadcast.
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It sat in a BBC archive for 51 years.
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In 1968, the BBC filmed what turned out to be Tolkien's last ever recorded interview.
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They aired a few extracts, then most of it went into the archive and stayed there until 2019.
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So here's what he said about his own hero and why he'd have turned Gandalf down.
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The one real adventure of his life, which he put almost directly into The Hobbit.
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The language that made him fail at university. On purpose.
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And the answer he gave when asked what moves him most in his own book.
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Because it is not the scene you're expecting, and it is not a death.
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That last one is the reason to stay.
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Start with how this even exists.
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1968. A BBC crew films J .R .R.
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Tolkien.
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He's in his 70s.
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The Hobbit came out 31 years earlier.
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The Lord of the Rings is already enormous.
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A few extracts go out on television that year, and the rest, the majority of it, goes into the archive.
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And there it stays.
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1970s, 80s, 90s.
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Through the Peter Jackson films, through the biggest fantasy boom in history, through every documentary anyone ever made about him.
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It came back out in 2019, unearthed for a radio program.
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51 years of Tolkien on tape unheard.
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And the very first thing in it tells you something nobody expects about the man.
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The Hobbit opens with a wizard turning up at a hobbit's door and talking him into a dangerous journey, so the BBC asked Tolkien the obvious question, what if that had been you?
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His answer, if a wizard had come to me as a small boy, the situation would be totally different than that in The Hobbit.
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Then, I should have found some excuse for not going.
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And then the line that explains him completely, I had no desire whatever to place myself in an awkward position just for the sake of adventure,
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not danger, not death, an awkward position.
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And then he adds, and you can hear the amusement in it, I'd been very well brought up to avoid conversations with dubious old gentlemen.
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Gandalf, a dubious old gentleman.
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The man invented the most famous wizard in fiction and said he'd have shut the door on him.
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That's the bit the BBC didn't broadcast, by the way.
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Something that honest and that funny, and it sat in a box for half a century.
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But he did have one real adventure
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and he used almost all of it 1911 tolkien is 19 years old
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and he goes hiking in switzerland here's how he described it in
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that interview one of the cardinal things in the hobbit is
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one of the few adventures i ever went through in my life they crossed mountain passes
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if you've read the hobbit you know
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that scene the storm in the mountains the stone giants hurling rocks in the dark
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that happened minus the giants he says the journey is an actual personal experience.
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Altered, of course.
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And then he delivers the best joke of the entire interview, completely straight.
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We met no goblin, a 19 -year -old on a walking holiday.
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26 years later, it's in a book that has never gone out of print since.
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But the real obsession of his life wasn't mountains.
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Tolkien was at Oxford studying classics, and he got distracted. By Finnish.
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Not by a person.
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Not by a war.
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Not by anything you'd expect.
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By the Finnish language.
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His description of it its formation, its sound texture, is very remarkable.
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And then, it actually makes me quite intoxicated.
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Intoxicated. By grammar.
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Here's what that cost him, in his own words.
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I just went away and learnt this when I should have been doing other things, and people couldn't make out why my essays on Greek drama were getting worse and worse.
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A man tanking his own degree because a language was too beautiful to ignore.
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And that's where Elvish comes from.
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He says so directly.
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The language of Middle Earth started out by being extremely Finnish.
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On a Finnish basis, he said, with some Greek and other languages layered in.
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Later, after the First World War, he took a job at the Oxford English Dictionary writing etymologies.
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He remembered which words?
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Winter, walrus, wampum.
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Wampum sent him into the Algonquin languages of Eastern America, which he'd never touched before.
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His verdict on the job, so it's a wonderful place, a dictionary?
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Now, the question he was really there to answer, they asked Tolkien about Gollum.
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He called the character an example of corruption, straightforward enough.
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And then the interviewer raised one specific scene, and by the account of the Oxford professor who studied these recordings, Tolkien lit up.
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Here's the moment, described by Stuart Lee, professor of English at Oxford, on the radio program that brought the tapes back out.
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Gollum is with Frodo, and he is beginning to change back into Smeagol, the person he was before the ring took him apart.
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In Lee's words, he's winning the battle.
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The good side is winning through.
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Frodo is asleep, and Gollum reaches out to touch him, a creature who has been a monster for centuries, reaching out gently.
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Then Sam wakes up.
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Sam.
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who loves Frodo.
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Sam, whose entire purpose in the story is protecting him.
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Sam, who has been right about Gollum from the beginning.
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And Sam says, take your hands off.
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Here's what Tolkien said about that.
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People have often asked me what moves me most.
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I think the most tragic point in the whole story is the terrible irony that good often does evil.
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Read that again.
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Good often does evil he continues the most tragic moment is
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when sam and his protectiveness says take your hands off
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and therefore defeats gollum's repentance and then the line
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that makes it land because
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that seems to be very true to life understand what he's
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saying in a book with wars with a dark lord with
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entire peoples destroyed the author says the saddest moment is a loyal friend being protective at exactly the wrong second.
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Nobody does anything wrong.
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Sam is right about Gollum.
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Sam is defending someone he loves.
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And that is precisely what destroys the only chance at redemption in the entire story.
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Professor Lee's summary of Tolkien's whole worldview.
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What happens in his mythology is that good can sometimes do excessive evil unintentionally, not evil defeating good.
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Good being good, causing the damage.
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The interviewer put it to him that the morality in his books looked fairly simple.
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Good over here, evil over there.
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Tolkien half agreed and then took it apart.
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The general lines are rather simple, he said.
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But of course, as a matter of fact, it isn't really, is it?
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And then, you see evil on the good side.
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It isn't just goodies against baddies, as they call it modern parlance.
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That is the author of The Lord of the rings in
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1968 personally rejecting the thing his book gets accused of most
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often he wasn't writing a story where the good people are good
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and the bad people are bad he was writing one where the most tragic thing
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that happens is done by the most decent character in it out of love
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and then almost none of that went out on television a few extracts aired
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and the rest waited 51 years in a box one last thing
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and it's the reason today is the day to think about this The Hobbit was published on the 21st of September, 1937.
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The week around that date is now called Tolkien Week, a man who said he'd have found an excuse not to go, who met no goblin in Switzerland,
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who wrecked his own essays learning Finnish, and who thought the saddest thing in his masterpiece was a friend being too protective.
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So does he convince you?
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Is that really the most tragic moment in the book, or would you pick a different one?
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Tell me in the comments, because I suspect a lot of people have a different answer, and I'd like to see them argued out.
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Subscribe if you'd rather hear what the author actually said than what everyone assumes he meant.
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That's what this channel does, the whole story, without the gloss.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這段影片共有 122 個句子、1408 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 7:55。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 178 個詞，接近日常對話。 83% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| adventure 名詞 | /ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/ | 奇遇, 冒險 /冒險 |
| tragic 形容詞 | /ˈtɹæd͡ʒɪk/ | 悲劇的 /悲劇的, 悲痛的 |
| extract 名詞 | /ˈɛkstɹækt/ | 精 |
| archive 名詞 | /ˈɑɹˌkaɪv/ | 存檔 /存檔, 檔案 /檔案 |
| wizard 名詞 | /ˈwɪzɚd/ | 巫師 /巫師, 覡 /覡 |
| broadcast 名詞 | /ˈbɹɔːd(ˌ)kɑːst/ | 廣播 /廣播 |
| awkward 形容詞 | /ˈɔk.wɚd/ | 彆扭 /彆扭 |
| essay 名詞 | /ˈɛs.eɪ/ | 雜文 /雜文, 論文 /論文 |
| gentleman 名詞 | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/ | 先生 |
| dictionary 名詞 | /ˈdɪk.ʃəˌnɛ.ɹi/ | хуадян, цыдян |
| interviewer 名詞 | /ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/ | 訪問者 /訪問者 |
| ignore 動詞 | /ɪɡˈnɔː/ | 無視 /無視, 忽略 |
| defend 動詞 | /dɪˈfɪnd/ | 保衛 /保衛, 守衛 /守衛 |
| argue 動詞 | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | 辯論 /辯論, 爭辯 /爭辯 |
| fiction 名詞 | /ˈfɪkʃən/ | 虛構文學 /虛構文學, 小說 /小說 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| hands off | 勿動手！ /勿動手！, 不許碰！ /不許碰！ | |
| come out 動詞 | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | 出, 出來 /出來 |
| go away 動詞 | 離開 /離開, 走 | |
| make out 動詞 | /meɪk aʊt/ | 派遣 |
| wake up 動詞 | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | 醒, 醒來 /醒來 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | you've read · has never gone · has been |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | was asked · is done · was published |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | man who wrote · man who said |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 18 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 he'd, I'd, isn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: mythology /mɪˈθɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, unearth /ʌnˈɜː(ɹ)θ/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: dictionary /ˈdɪk.ʃəˌnɛ.ɹi/, fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, corruption /kəˈɹʌpʃən/, obsession /əbˈsɛʃən/, redemption /ɹɪˈdɛmpʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: dictionary /ˈdɪk.ʃəˌnɛ.ɹi/, documentary /ˌdɒk.jʊˈmɛn.tɹi/, morality /məˈɹælɪti/, mythology /mɪˈθɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, intoxicated /ɪnˈtɑksɪkeɪtɪd/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 adventure, tragic, extract 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。