跟读练习: 12 highlights: Mark Zuckerberg's Harvard commencement speech - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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If I get through this speech today,
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If I get through this speech today,
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it'll be the first time I actually finish something here at Harvard.
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How many of you remember exactly where you were
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and what you were doing when you got that email telling you you got into Harvard?
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I was playing the video game Civilization,
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and I ran downstairs and got my dad,
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and for some reason his first reaction was to video me opening the email.
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That could have been a really, really sad video.
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But I swear, getting into Harvard is the thing my parents are most proud of me for.
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I was running late for class,
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so I threw on a t-shirt,
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and I didn't realize until afterwards that I put it on inside out
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and backwards and my tag was sticking out the front.
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I couldn't figure out why no one in class would talk to me.
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Except for this one guy, KXGin.
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He just went with it.
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We started doing our problem sets together and now he runs a big part of Facebook.
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And that, class of 2017,
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is why you should be nice to people.
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As luck would have it,
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Priscilla was at that party with her friends,
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and we met in line for the bathroom in the Foho bell tower,
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and in what must be one of the all-time most romantic lines,
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I turned to her and said,
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I'm getting kicked out in three days,
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so we need to go on a date quickly.
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Actually, any of you graduating today can use that line.
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But I'm not here to give you the standard commencement about finding your purpose.
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We're millennials.
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We try to do that instinctively.
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Instead, I'm here to tell you that finding your purpose isn't enough.
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the challenge for our generation is to create a world where everyone has a sense of purpose.
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I remember that night I launched Facebook from that little dorm in Kirkland house.
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I went to Noakes with my friend KX,
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and I remember telling him clearly that I was excited to help connect the Harvard community,
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but one day someone would connect the whole world.
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The thing is, it never even occurred to me that that someone might be us.
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And I know that a lot of you are going to have your own stories just like this.
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A change in the world that seems so clear that you are sure someone else is going to do it.
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But they're not.
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You will.
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A couple years in, some big companies wanted to buy us.
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I didn't want to sell.
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I wanted to see if we could connect more people.
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Nearly everyone else wanted to sell.
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Without a sense of higher purpose,
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this was their startup dream come true,
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and it tore our company apart.
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After one particularly tense argument,
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one of my close advisors told me if I didn't agree to sell the company right now,
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I would regret that decision for the rest of my life.
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Relationships were so frayed that within a year or so,
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every single person on our management team was gone.
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That was my hardest time leading Facebook.
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Movies and pop culture just get this all wrong.
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The idea of a single eureka moment is a dangerous lie.
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It makes us feel inadequate because we feel like we haven't had ours yet.
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And it prevents people with seeds of good ideas from ever getting started in the first place.
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Oh, and you know what else movies get wrong about innovation?
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No one writes math formulas on glass, okay?
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Alright?
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That's not a thing, okay?
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In our society, we often don't take on big things because we're so afraid of making mistakes
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that we ignore all the things wrong today if we do nothing.
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The reality is, anything we do today is going to have some issues in the future.
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But that can't stop us from getting started.
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An entrepreneurial culture thrives when it is easy to try lots of new ideas.
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Facebook wasn't the first thing I built.
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I also built chat systems and games,
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study tools and music players, and I'm not alone.
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J.K.
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Rowling got rejected 12 times before she finally wrote and published Harry Potter.
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Even Beyonce had to make hundreds of songs to get Halo.
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The greatest successes come from having the freedom to fail.
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We all know you don't get successful just by having a good idea or working hard.
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You get successful by being lucky too.
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If I had to support my family growing up instead of having the time to learn how to code,
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If I didn't know that I was going to be fine,
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if Facebook didn't work out,
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then I wouldn't be standing up here today.
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And if we're honest, we all know how much luck we've had to get to this point in our lives.
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The forces of freedom, openness,
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and global community against the forces of authoritarianism,
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isolationism, and nationalism, forces for the flow of knowledge,
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trade, and immigration against those who would slow them down.
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This is not a battle of nations.
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It is a battle of ideas.
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There are people in every country for more global connection,
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and there are good people against it.
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Even global change starts small with people like us.
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In our generation, the struggle of whether we connect more,
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we achieve our greatest opportunities comes down to this.
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Your ability to build communities and create a world where every single person has a sense of purpose.
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为什么要通过这个视频练习口语？
在学习英语的过程中，口语练习是至关重要的一部分。通过看YouTube学英语，我们能够接触到真实场景中的英语对话。马克·扎克伯格在哈佛毕业典礼上的演讲，不仅内容生动有趣，而且还提供了丰富的口语表达和语法结构，适合进行英语口语练习。
通过聆听他的故事，学习者不仅可以提高自己的发音，还能感受到英语的情感表达。扎克伯格在讲话中展示的幽默感和人性，让学生在模拟对话时更具信心。有意向的学习者可以通过shadow speak练习，将自己的语音与扎克伯格的演讲进行对比，从而提升口语技能。
语法与语境中的表达
扎克伯格在演讲中使用了一些重要的语法结构和表达方式，以下是我们分析的几个关键点：
- I remember that night I launched Facebook from that little dorm in Kirkland house. 这个句子中使用了具体的时间状语和地方状语，有助于学习者理解如何描述过去发生的事件。
- It never even occurred to me that that someone might be us. 这个句子展示了“occur to”的使用，可以启发学习者如何表达突然想到的事情。
- Finding your purpose isn't enough. 这是一个简单而有力的句子，适合用作口语练习中表达自己的观点和看法。
- The thing is, it never occurred to me. 这种口语化的表达方式非常实用，适合在对话中增强与他人的互动。
常见发音陷阱
在观看视频时，学习者可能会遇到一些发音方面的挑战：
- "Kirkland house" (柯克兰宿舍)：注意“Kirk”的发音，以及“land”字母的连读。
- "purpose" (目的)：这个词常常让非英语母语者发音困难，要特别注意重音的放置。
- "community" (社区)：这个词在连读时容易被发音模糊，学习者要在shadow speech时特别注意清晰发音。
利用这些发音练习，你可以更自信地在口语对话中表达自己。通过不断重复练习并记录自己的发音，逐步克服发音难点。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。