跟读练习: 3 tips to boost your confidence - TED-Ed - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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When faced with a big challenge where potential failure seems to lurk at every corner,
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When faced with a big challenge where potential failure seems to lurk at every corner,
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maybe you've heard this advice before.
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Be more confident.
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And most likely this is what you think when you hear it.
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If only it were that simple.
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But what is confidence?
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Take the belief that you are valuable,
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worthwhile, and capable, also known as self-esteem.
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Add in the optimism that comes when you are certain of your abilities.
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And then empowered by these,
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act courageously to face a challenge head-on.
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This is confidence.
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It turns thoughts into action.
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So where does confidence even come from?
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There are several factors that impact confidence.
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One, what you're born with,
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such as your genes, which will impact things like the balance of neurochemicals in your brain.
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Two, how you're treated.
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This includes the social pressures of your environment.
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And 3.
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The part you have control over,
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the choices you make, the risks you take,
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and how you think about and respond to challenges and setbacks.
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It isn't possible to completely untangle these three factors,
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but the personal choices we make certainly play a major role in confidence development.
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So, by keeping in mind a few practical tips,
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we do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence.
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Tip 1.
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A quick fix.
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There are a few tricks that can give you an immediate confidence boost in the short term.
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Picture your success when you're beginning a difficult task.
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Something as simple as listening to music with deep bass,
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it can promote feelings of power.
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You can even strike a powerful pose or give yourself a pep talk.
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Tip 2.
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Believe in your ability to improve.
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If you're looking for a long-term change,
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consider the way you think about your abilities and talents.
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Do you think they are fixed at birth or that they can be developed like a muscle?
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These beliefs matter because they can influence how you act when you're faced with setbacks.
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If you have a fixed mindset,
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meaning that you think your talents are locked in place,
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you might give up assuming you've discovered something you're not very good at.
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But if you have a growth mindset and think your abilities can improve,
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a challenge is an opportunity to learn and grow.
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Neuroscience supports the growth mindset.
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The connections in your brain do get stronger and grow with study and practice.
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It also turns out, on average,
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people who have a growth mindset are more successful,
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getting better grades, and doing better in the face of challenges.
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Tip 3.
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Practice failure.
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Face it, you're going to fail sometimes.
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Everyone does.
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J.K.
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Rowling was rejected by 12 different publishers before one picked up Harry Potter.
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The Wright brothers built on history's failed attempts at flight,
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including some of their own,
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before designing a successful airplane.
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Studies show that those who fail regularly
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and keep trying anyway are better equipped to respond to challenges and setbacks in a constructive way.
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They learn how to try different strategies,
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ask others for advice, and persevere.
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So, think of a challenge you want to take on.
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Realize it's not going to be easy,
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accept that you'll make mistakes,
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and be kind to yourself when you do.
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Give yourself a pep talk,
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stand up, and go for it.
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The excitement you'll feel knowing that whatever the result,
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you'll have gained greater knowledge and understanding.
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This is confidence.
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关于本课：提升自信，掌握英语口语
本TED-Ed视频深入探讨了“自信”的本质，揭示了影响自信的基因、环境及个人选择三大因素。更重要的是，视频提供了三个实用技巧，帮助我们培养和增强自信心。对于英语学习者而言，这是一次绝佳的英语口语练习机会，不仅能学习关于心理学和自我提升的词汇，还能提升听力理解和表达能力。
通过学习本视频，您将练习：
- 词汇主题：自信、自尊、乐观、能力、挑战、挫折、心态（固定型与成长型）、坚持不懈等。
- 语法模式：复杂的解释性句式、条件状语从句、动名词结构等，有助于构建更复杂的表达。
- 口语场景：讨论个人发展、克服困难、表达观点和建议。这对于准备雅思口语等考试，或在日常交流中更流畅地表达个人见解非常有帮助，从而提升英语流利度。
重要词汇和短语
- lurk at every corner: 潜在的危险无处不在，随时可能发生。 (例: "Potential failure seems to lurk at every corner.")
- face a challenge head-on: 正面迎接挑战，直接应对。 (例: "Act courageously to face a challenge head-on.")
- cultivate (our own) confidence: 培养（我们自己的）自信心。 (例: "We do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence.")
- strike a powerful pose: 摆出有力量的姿势，有助于提升气场。 (例: "You can even strike a powerful pose or give yourself a pep talk.")
- growth mindset: 成长型思维模式，相信能力可以通过努力发展和提高。 (例: "If you have a growth mindset and think your abilities can improve, a challenge is an opportunity to learn and grow.")
- fixed mindset: 固定型思维模式，认为能力是天生的、不可改变的。 (例: "If you have a fixed mindset, meaning that you think your talents are locked in place, you might give up.")
- be faced with setbacks: 面对挫折或困难。 (例: "How you act when you're faced with setbacks.")
- persevere: 坚持不懈，不屈不挠。 (例: "They learn how to try different strategies, ask others for advice, and persevere.")
本视频练习技巧：提升发音与流利度
本视频是进行跟读技巧训练的绝佳素材。演讲者的语速适中，发音清晰，是模仿和学习美式英语的理想范本。以下是一些具体的练习建议：
- 语速与节奏：演讲者语速平稳，吐字清晰。初学者可以先放慢速度，逐句模仿其发音和语调，然后逐渐提速，争取与原视频同步。这将显著提高您的英语流利度。
- 发音与重音：注意演讲者对关键概念（如“confidence”、“growth mindset”、“setbacks”）的强调和重音处理。这些细微之处对于准确传达情感和意义至关重要，有助于提高您的发音练习效果。
- 口音模仿：着重模仿演讲者的美式口音，包括元音、辅音的发音方式，以及连读、弱读等语音现象。这能让您的英语听起来更自然、更地道。
- 理解与复述：在跟读之后，尝试用自己的话复述视频中的核心观点和三个自信提升技巧。这不仅能巩固所学词汇和语法，也是检验理解程度、锻炼即兴表达能力的有效方法，对于雅思口语的Task 2和Task 3非常有益。
- 应用与思考：思考视频内容如何应用于您的语言学习过程。例如，“成长型思维”如何帮助您面对学习中的挫折？将这些思考用英语表达出来，能进一步提升您的英语口语练习深度。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。