跟读练习: Asking For & Giving Directions In English! - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Excuse me, do you know where the Museum of Modern Art is?
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Yes, you should go this street down and then there is a and you should
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You know what, I might just use Google Maps.
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Thank you.
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How do you give directions in English?
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Hello, my name is Matty from POC English.
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And in this lesson, we are going to learn how to ask for and give directions.
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First, I will teach you different types of streets.
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Then we will learn prepositions of place to say where a building or a location is After that,
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I will teach you how to ask for and give directions in English And finally, I will show you a map
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and then you will have to give me directions Using the vocabulary
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and the language you have learned in this lesson So make sure you watch this video to the end Okay,
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let's start with different street types.
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What are the differences between avenues or roads or streets or lanes or ways or trails or maybe boulevards or highways?
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What are the differences?
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Let's start with number one, road.
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What's a road?
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A road is a way that connects two places so that people can walk or drive or ride easily.
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A road can be paved, maybe with asphalt, or even made of dirt or stones.
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So road is a general term.
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Now, what is a street?
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A street is a public road inside the city with buildings on one side or on both sides.
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What is an avenue?
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A wide street is called an avenue.
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So a street is narrow and avenue is wide.
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What are lanes or ways?
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Well, lanes and ways are narrow streets within residential blocks.
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What is a boulevard?
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A boulevard is a wide and important street in a city with an island in the middle,
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which is usually filled with grass, flowers or even trees.
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And finally, what's a highway?
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A highway is a very wide street with several lanes on each side,
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and cars usually go fast on the highways.
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Now, knowing different types of streets, it is time to learn the prepositions of place,
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to say where a building or a location is.
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Look at this scheme I've made for you.
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There are four buildings, buildings A, B, C and D.
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And there are two roads, first road and second road.
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Now, look at the first one.
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Where is building A?
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Building A is next to building B.
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or building A is across from building C.
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Now, it's across from or it's opposite building C.
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Where is building A?
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Next to building B or across from opposite building C.
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Now, where is B?
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B is between A and D.
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And where is D?
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D is next to B, right?
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But you can also say D is on the corner of 1st and 2nd street.
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So the prepositions you can use are across from or opposite, next to, between or on the corner of.
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Now, let's see how we can ask for direction from someone we have seen on the street.
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If you are not looking for a specific place, you can use this question.
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Is there a around here or near here?
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For example, is there a bank near here?
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Is there a supermarket around here?
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Is there a pet shop near here?
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However, if you are looking for a specific place, you can use this question.
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Where is the...
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And then in the blank, you say the name of the place.
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For example, where is the Battery Park?
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Or where is the Rockefeller Center?
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You can also use this question.
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How can I get to...
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How can I get to St. Patrick's Cathedral?
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Or how can I get to public library?
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Now, who are you asking these questions to?
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Strangers on the street, right?
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So you might want to be very polite.
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In this case, you can start your questions with Can you tell me?
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Or do you know?
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However, when you use these phrases at the beginning of your questions, the question structure has to change.
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These are called indirect questions and are very polite.
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How can you make indirect questions?
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Let me show you.
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Look at this question.
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Where is the Rockefeller Center?
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I want to make it more polite, so I start with do you know?
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When I start with do you know, I have to change something in the main question. But what?
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I have to change the place of my auxiliary verb and the subject of the question.
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What is the auxiliary here? Is.
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And what is the subject of the question?
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Rockefeller Center.
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So let's change the place.
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Do you know where the Rockefeller Center is?
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Now this is a very polite question.
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So you could either say, where is the Rockefeller Center?
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Or be more polite and say, do you know where the Rockefeller Center is?
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Let me show you another example.
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Look at the question.
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How can I get to public library?
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I can make it more polite by saying, can you tell me, but what should I do with the main question?
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Take the auxiliary verb and the subject of the question and then swap the location.
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What is the auxiliary? Can.
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And what is the subject?
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I So you can say, can you tell me how I can get to public library?
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So you could either say, how can I get to public library?
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Or be more polite and say, can you tell me how I can get to public library?
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If you want to be even more polite, instead of can, you can say could.
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Could you tell me how I can get to public library?
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Now, listen guys, normal questions are just fine.
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But if you want to be more polite, you can use indirect questions.
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Now, let's learn how to give directions in English.
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Look at the first picture.
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Imagine you want to go from point A to point B.
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What can you say?
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You can say go straight on or go straight ahead or you can say go along the road.
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So from point A to B, go straight on, go straight ahead or go along the road.
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Look at this picture.
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If I want to go from A to B, what can I say?
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That's right.
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Turn left.
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Or from point A to C, turn right.
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Turn left, turn right.
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Look at this picture.
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It's very interesting.
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How can you get from A to B?
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Turn left.
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Uh-uh.
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Turn left at which one?
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The first one or second one?
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That's why instead of turn left, you say take the second left.
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So take the second left will get you to point B.
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What can I do if I want to get to point C?
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Take the second right.
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Take the second left, take the second right.
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Take the first left, take the first right.
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Or simply turn left, turn right.
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So if there are more than two intersections, you can use this phrase.
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Take the second, take the third, or take the fourth left.
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Take the second right.
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Look at this one.
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I want to say go and reach point B, but don't stop and continue going.
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What can I say?
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Go straight on past.
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B. It means go on, reach B, but don't stop.
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Continue going.
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Now, imagine B is a post office.
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I can say go straight on past the post office.
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All right.
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Now look at this one.
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What is this?
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This is a roundabout.
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A roundabout can have four, five or six possible directions.
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Okay how can I say which direction to take?
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Well the first thing I want to tell you is with the word roundabout we use the preposition at
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so we say at the roundabout okay now imagine i want to get from point a to point b
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or point a to point c
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or point a to point d what can i say i can use this phrase take the
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exit at the roundabout now instead of the blank part we should say first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh
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or as many exits as there are for example
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if you want to go from a to b you can
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say take the first exit at the roundabout from a to
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c take the second exit at the roundabout from a to d
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take the third exit at the roundabout there is also another way i can say turn right at the roundabout
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or turn left at the roundabout or go straight on past the roundabout.
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So there are many different ways of giving directions.
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And finally, after arriving, you can say it is on your right or it is on your left.
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Or you can use the prepositions of place that we talked about earlier in this video.
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It's between A and B.
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It's between gas station and the library.
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It's on the corner of 1st and 2nd street.
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And now, before we continue with the last part of this lesson,
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if you want to receive free PDF file of the lesson summary of this video
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and every other videos when I post one on YouTube, what you need to do is to give me your email address.
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How?
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Go to my website pocenglish.com.
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The link is in the description below.
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Type in your email address and click subscribe.
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You will receive an email with a pdf file of the
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summary of the lesson every time I post a new lesson on YouTube.
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And that is entirely for free.
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Okay, now let's get to the last part of this video.
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I have a challenge for you.
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Look at this map.
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It's a map of a part of a city.
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And then you see there are lots of intersections and there is also a roundabout.
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Now imagine we want to start from point A on the map, which is my house or your house,
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and we want to get to the hospital following the red path on the map.
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Excuse me, could you tell me how I can get to the hospital?
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So what you need to do is to give me directions to the hospital.
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So start typing and let me know in the comments down below.
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See ya.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 183 个句子、1721 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 13:00。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 132 个词，很适合跟读。 86% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个不太常见的单词，附发音和释义：
- polite /pəˈlaɪt/ (形容词) — 有禮貌 /有礼貌, 客氣 /客气. Well-mannered, civilized.
- lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (名词) — 課業 /课业, -課 /-课. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
- exit /ˈɛɡzət/ (名词) — 離開 /离开, 退場 /退场. An act of going out or going away, or leaving; a departure.
- avenue /ˈæv.əˌn(j)u/ (名词) — 大道, 大街. A broad street, especially one bordered by trees or, in cities laid out in a grid pattern, one that is on a particular side of the city or that runs in a…
- auxiliary /ɔɡˈzɪl.(jə).ɹi/ (形容词) — 輔助 /辅助. Helping; giving assistance or support.
- phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ (名词) — 短語 /短语, 片語 /片语. A short written or spoken expression.
- indirect /ˌɪn.daɪˈɹɛkt/ (形容词) — 間接 /间接. Not direct
- boulevard /ˈbuː.ləˌvɑːd/ (名词) — 林蔭大道 /林荫大道, 大道. A broad, well-paved and landscaped thoroughfare.
- narrow /ˈnæɹəʊ/ (形容词) — 窄. Having a small width; not wide; having opposite edges or sides that are close, especially by comparison to length or depth.
- summary /ˈsʌm.ə.ɹi/ (名词) — 摘要. An abstract or a condensed presentation of the substance of a body of material.
- intersection /ˈɪntəɹˌsɛkʃən/ (名词) — 路口, 交叉. The junction of two (or more) paths, streets, highways, or other thoroughfares.
- verb /vɝb/ (名词) — 動詞 /动词. A word that indicates an action, event, or state of being.
- trail /tɹeɪl/ (名词) — 足跡 /足迹, 蹤跡 /踪迹. The track or indication marking the route followed by something that has passed, such as the footprints of animal on land or the contrail of an airplane in the…
- flower /ˈfloʊɚ/ (名词) — хуа, хуар. A colorful, conspicuous structure associated with angiosperms, frequently scented and attracting various insects, and which may or may not be used for sexual…
- arrive /əˈɹaɪv/ (动词) — 到達 /到达, 到. To reach; to get to a certain place.
视频中出现的短语动词
- look at (动词) — 觀察 /观察, 看. To observe or watch.
- look for (动词) — 找, 找尋 /找寻. To seek.
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 3 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, I've。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: sixth /sɪksθ/, seventh /ˈsɛvənθ/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: intersection /ˈɪntəɹˌsɛkʃən/, residential /ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl/, asphalt /ˈæʃfɑlt/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: auxiliary /ɔɡˈzɪl.(jə).ɹi/, intersection /ˈɪntəɹˌsɛkʃən/, residential /ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 polite, lesson, exit 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | can be paved · is called · is usually filled |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have learned · I've made · have seen |
| 用 “should” 提建议 should + 动词 — 表示应该做的事 | should go · should I do · should say |
| 用 “might / may” 表可能 might/may + 动词 — 有可能但不确定的事 | might just use · might want |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。