跟读练习: Food expiration dates don’t mean what you think - Carolyn Beans - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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How much of the food in your fridge will you toss before it reaches the table?
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How much of the food in your fridge will you toss before it reaches the table?
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Hamburger buns from last summer’s picnic? Milk past its sell-by date?
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Carrots that lost their crunch?
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Countries around the world waste huge amounts of food every year, and the United States is one of the worst offenders.
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37% of US food waste comes from individual households.
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And roughly 20% of those food items are tossed because consumers aren’t sure how to interpret the dates they’re labeled with.
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But most of those groceries are still perfectly safe to eat.
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So if the dates on our food don’t tell us that something’s gone bad, what do they tell us?
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Before the 20th century, the path between where food was produced and where it was eaten was much more direct, and most people knew how to assess freshness using sight, smell, and touch.
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But when supermarkets began stocking processed foods, product ages became harder to gauge.
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In the US, grocers used packaging codes to track how long food had been on the shelves, and in the 1970s, consumers demanded in on that info.
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Many supermarkets adopted a system still in place today called open dating, where food manufacturers or retailers labeled products with dates indicating optimum freshness.
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This vague metric had nothing to do with expiration dates or food safety.
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In fact, it’s rarely decided with any scientific backing, and there are usually no rules around what dates to use.
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So most manufacturers and retailers are motivated to set these dates early, ensuring customers will taste their food at its best and come back for more.
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This means many foods are safe to eat far beyond their labeled dates.
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Old cookies, pasta, and other shelf-stable groceries might taste stale, but they aren’t a health risk.
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Canned foods can stay safe for years, so long as they don't show signs of bulging or rusting.
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Low freezer temperatures keep bacteria that cause food poisoning in check, preserving properly stored frozen dinners indefinitely.
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Refrigerated eggs are good for up to five weeks, and if they spoil, your nose will let you know.
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And you can always spot spoiled produce by off odors, slimy surfaces, and mold.
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Of course, there are some cases where you’re better safe than sorry.
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The USDA recommends eating or freezing meat within days of purchase.
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Beyond their printed dates, ready-to-eat salads, deli meats, and unpasteurized cheeses are more likely to carry pathogenic bacteria that can slip past a smell or taste test.
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And the dates on infant formula are regulated to indicate safety.
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But while some of these labels work as intended, the vast majority don’t.
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In a 2019 survey of over 1,000 Americans, more than 70% said they use date labels to decide if food is still edible, and nearly 60% said they’d toss any food past those dates.
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Restaurants and grocers often do the same.
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To avoid all this waste, many experts advocate for laws to require that date labels use one of two standardized phrases: “Best if used by,” to indicate freshness, or “Use by” to indicate safety.
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This solution isn't perfect, but some US researchers estimate that setting these standards at a federal level could prevent roughly 398,000 tons of food waste annually.
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Grocers could also try removing date labels on produce, as several UK supermarket chains have done to encourage consumers to use their own judgement.
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Many experts also advocate for policies incentivizing grocers and restaurants to donate unsold food.
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Currently, confusion around dates has led at least 20 US states to restrict donating food past its labeled date, even though the federal government actually protects such donations.
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Countries like France go even further, requiring that many supermarkets donate unsold food.
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Regardless of what your government decides, the best way to prevent food waste is to eat what you buy!
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And don’t forget that your eyes, nose, and tongue are usually all you need to decide if food is fit for consumption or the compost bin.
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背景與上下文
在我們的生活中，食物的保鮮日期經常引發混淆，特別是在超市中看到的各種標籤。這段視頻由卡羅琳·賓斯講述，探討了食物浪費的現象以及消費者對保鮮日期的誤解。根據統計，美國家庭每年造成的大量食物浪費中，有37%來自於個人家庭，而其中20%的食物因不確定標籤日期的含義而被丟棄。通過學習這段視頻，我們可以了解到食物標籤的真正含義，以及我們該如何明智地選擇和使用食物。
日常交流的五大短語
- 扔掉 - Toss
- 過期日期 - Expiration date
- 新鮮度 - Freshness
- 保質期 - Shelf life
- 安全食用 - Safe to eat
這些短語不僅可以幫助您在食物相關的對話中更加流利，還能在進行雅思口語練習時加強您的表達能力。通過強化這些短語的使用，您可以更自信地討論日常生活中的食物問題，甚至在與朋友或家人討論時更清晰地表達觀點。
逐步跟讀指導
要有效地學習這段視頻中的內容，您可以按照以下步驟進行：
- 觀看視頻：首先觀看整個視頻，理解主要內容及講述者的語氣和方式。
- 分段跟讀：將視頻分成若干小段，逐段播放，每播放一段就暫停，模仿講述者的語調和發音。這一過程是shadowspeak的核心，能幫助您提升語言的音韻感。
- 重複練習：在每一段中重複多次，直到您對該段的發音和語調感到熟悉。這樣您才能在跟人交流時，能夠自如使用。
- 應用學到的詞彙：在日常社交中嘗試使用您學到的短語及表達。這不僅有助於記憶，還能使您的口語能力得到提升。
- 反思與分享：最後，與他人分享您在視頻中學到的知識和短語，這樣可以加深印象並增加實際交流的機會。
使用看YouTube学英语的方法，您將能夠在輕鬆的氛圍中提高您的英語口語能力，無論是日常對話還是雅思口語練習，都是非常有效的學習途徑。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。