跟读练习: How One of the Universe’s Biggest Secrets Was Discovered - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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- In the early hours of Sunday, September 14th, 2015, a scientist in Louisiana makes a fateful decision.
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51 句
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- In the early hours of Sunday, September 14th, 2015, a scientist in Louisiana makes a fateful decision.
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- Robert Schofield has been working all weekend doing final calibrations.
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- All righty, let's take a spectrum.
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- He has one last test, - So let's see where this computer's getting its power.
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- But it's late, and the equipment is not cooperating.
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- It was about four or so in the morning, and we still had about another hour of work to do.
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And we were like, "Yeah, things aren't working so well and I'm really tired.
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Let's not do this last hour or so of work." - They call it a night.
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And 40 minutes later, in the silence of their inactivity, they open the door to history.
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A powerful gravitational wave rumbles through both detectors, Louisiana and Washington.
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Had Robert Schofield worked 40 more minutes that night with the instruments in test mode, a signal that had been on its way for 1.3 billion years would never have been recorded.
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- I like to say, you know, one of my biggest contributions to LIGO has been my laziness that day.
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- I got an email from somebody here saying, "Hey, look at this place on the web." I looked at that and I said, "Holy (beep)." - It was so strong that you could see it by eye in the data.
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It was too good to be true.
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- But it was true.
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In fact, it was loud and surprisingly clear.
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- And it just sang at you.
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Just there it was, standing out.
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- The signal lasted less than a second.
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But in that briefest of moments, it delivered a cosmically profound message more than a billion years in the making, proving the existence of black holes.
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- So what we saw in the signal involved oscillations of the mirrors that were slow at first, became faster and faster and faster.
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And this was precisely the kind of behavior that you would expect from gravitational waves caused by two black holes going around each other, spiraling together.
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- Two massive black holes, one 29 times the mass of the Sun, the other 36 times the mass of the Sun, whipping around each other hundreds of times a second, finally completing their act of mutual destruction by merging, creating a single larger black hole of 62 solar masses.
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The violent merger converts some of the mass into an apocalyptic release of energy beyond anything ever before witnessed.
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- The collision, in effect, creates a veritable storm in the fabric or the shape of space and time.
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As though you had taken three suns, you had annihilated them completely, converted it in to gravitational waves.
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The power was 50 times higher than the output power of all the stars in the universe put together, in a fraction of a second.
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But the most powerful explosion that humans have ever had any evidence for, with the exception of the Big Bang.
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- Since that very first signal in September, 2015, LIGO has detected several more collisions of black holes.
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In October, 2017, Ray Weiss, Kip Thorne, and LIGO's former director, Barry Barish, received the Nobel Prize.
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The LIGO discoveries proved that black holes can merge, one way they can grow bigger quickly.
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- More and more evidence of these merging black holes tells us there are a lot of these stellar black holes around that they can find each other and merge.
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- And the discovery opened an entirely new way of observing the universe.
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- We always thought of astronomy as an observational field where we are looking at radiation, we are seeing things.
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But this is not radiation, this is something much more fundamental.
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These are sort of fundamental tremors in space time itself.
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We can now hear the universe.
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- For the first time, astronomers have simultaneously seen and heard a cosmic event.
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In August, 2017, LIGO detected gravitational waves from a collision of two neutron stars.
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Black holes are empty space, but neutron stars are dense dead stars that can crash together and light up the skies.
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When telescopes and satellites around the globe pointed in the direction of the sound, the world saw fireworks in an explosive collision and afterglow.
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Possibly the collision resulted in the creation of a new black hole.
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But unless we observe the formation of a black hole, there is much we will never know.
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Because so much about black holes is irretrievably out of our reach, we can never know where they came from, what's inside, or their history.
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But we can imagine their future.
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The number of black holes in the universe is increasing, and they're getting bigger.
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Stars collapse, black holes feed and merge, new ones form.
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Could it be that one day everything will end up inside them and they will rule the universe?
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Untold trillions upon trillions of years after this happens and the last bits of matter cross their event horizons, black holes themselves may radiate away and vanish from this reality.
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Their mysteries are many, and we're just starting to unlock the secrets of these strange, powerful places.
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But one thing is certain, black holes will continue to intrigue us, tantalize us, and challenge both our science and our imaginations.
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关于本课
在本课程中，您将通过学习关于引力波和黑洞的发现与成熟的内容，提高英语口语能力。该视频不仅介绍了科学家如何在无意中记录下这一重要现象，更引导您通过听和说的练习来提升您的英语发音技巧。我们将关注对话的语速、口音以及如何表达复杂的科学观点，从而提高您的语言流利度。
关键词汇与短语
- 引力波 (gravitational waves)
- 黑洞 (black holes)
- 合并 (merging)
- 宇宙 (universe)
- 观察天文学 (observational astronomy)
- 星际 (interstellar)
- 质量 (mass)
- 科学发现 (scientific discovery)
练习技巧
在您进行shadowing练习时，请注意视频的语速和语调。尽量模仿发音和语调，以提高您的英语发音技巧。这种有 ayudas 的shadow speech方法非常有效，能够帮助您理解句子的结构和语音的节奏。在练习时，可以从每个句子的停顿处开始，逐渐加快速度。观看轻松的内容，如科学类YouTube视频，您会发现学习英语的乐趣，并能够在不知不觉中提高您的口语能力。
无论您是想通过看YouTube学英语来增强英语口语能力，还是希望进行更深入的英语口语练习，定期进行这种练习将会显著改善您的表达能力和信心。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。
如何在ShadowingEnglish上有效练习
- 选择您的视频： 挑选一段语音清晰、自然的YouTube视频。TED演讲，BBC新闻，电影片段，播客或雅思口语范例都很好。将URL粘贴到搜索栏中。从较短的视频（短于5分钟）以及您真正感兴趣的内容开始——兴趣是最重要的导师。
- 先听，理解上下文： 第一次听的时候，将速度保持在1倍速并仅仅倾听。还不要尝试重复。专注于理解其含义，收集新词汇，并注意讲话人如何强调单词，连读声音及使用停顿。
- 设置跟读模式：
- 等待模式：选择
+3s或+5s——在每句话播放完毕后，视频会自动暂停以便您有时间大声重复它。如果您想完全控制并在每次重复后由您自己点击下一步，请选择手动。 - 字幕同步：YouTube字幕有时会在音频前或后略微出现。使用
±100ms使它们完美对齐以助您准确跟读。
- 等待模式：选择
- 大声跟读（核心练习）： 这是真正发生改变的一步。当一个句子播放出来立刻——或在暂停期间——大声、清晰且自信地重复出来。千万不要只是张张嘴：要模仿说话者的准确节奏、重音、音高和连读。力求听上去就像说话者的影子，而不仅是逐字背诵。使用重复功能多次练习同一个句子，直到感觉自然为止。
- 提高难度： 当练习段落变得相对舒适后，就去挑战自我。将速度增加至 <code>1.25x</code> 或甚至 <code>1.5x</code> 以训练高速语言反射。或者将等待模式调整为 <code>关闭</code> 以进行连续跟读——这是最进阶同样收益最大的模式。持续的每日15–30分钟的练习将可以在几周内产生可见的效果。