跟读练习: Learn English | Reading for Vocabulary | Level B | Lesson 08 | Brian Stuart (미국교과서) - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Hello, everybody.
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Welcome back to Reading for Vocabulary.
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I'm Brian Stewart.
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We're continuing our subject of space, but in this lesson, lesson eight,
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we're talking about an eclipse, an eclipse.
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So, in this lesson, we will focus on, let's talk about eclipses, eclipses,
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and what people thought about them.
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What did people think about eclipses a long time ago?
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But first, we have to think about what is an eclipse.
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We should know that.
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That's a little bit of a difficult word, isn't it?
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Eclipse, 조금 힘들어, right? it's a little bit of a difficult word.
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Well, an eclipse is shown in these pictures here.
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What is this?
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This is a picture of the Sun, so this is the Sun in the sky.
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Don't look at the Sun, right?
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Never look at the Sun, but this is what it looks like, right, if you take a picture of it.
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Now, during an eclipse, something is happening to the Sun.
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What's happening?
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Is something eating the sun?
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No, that's what people thought a long time ago, because it looks like something's eating it.
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But what's really happening is that this circle here, this is the moon, the moon, right?
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So think about this.
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The sun is really far away.
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The moon is a lot closer.
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If you're on earth, you're sitting at home, of course you're on earth, right?
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But think this This is the sun, it's really far away, this is the moon, and the moon sometimes will come like this, and it will cover the sun.
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Of course, the moon is very small, the sun is very big, but because the moon is much closer to you, it seems a lot bigger than the sun.
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And in fact, it's very interesting, it's kind of a coincidence,
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that on Earth, if the moon moves directly between you on Earth and the Sun, it's about the same size.
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That's really amazing to look at.
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So what we have here is the Moon is slowly covering the Sun.
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But don't worry, after this it will go away.
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The Sun will come back, right?
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So don't worry.
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But this is what we call an eclipse.
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Now this here, the Moon is perfectly covering the sun.
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That's called a full eclipse, a full eclipse.
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But you have to be in the right spot on Earth to see a full eclipse.
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If you're, you know, a hundred or a thousand miles in another direction, maybe the moon doesn't fully cover the sun.
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Maybe it only covers here and it just moves along and the top part of the sun is not covered,
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that would be a partial eclipse.
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So the moon only covers part of the sun as it passes between you and the sun.
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That would be a partial eclipse or a full eclipse.
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When we do the reading, we're going to be thinking about the full eclipse.
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And if you ever have a chance to see a full eclipse, that's great.
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Your teacher will tell you about it.
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But remember, don't ever look at the sun even during a full eclipse.
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You should wear special glasses
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or look at the shadow of the sun on a piece of paper through a special device
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or you could use a camera.
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But don't ever look at the sun during an eclipse.
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Okay, well let's take a look at some of the words
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we need to know to understand the reading passage about eclipses and what people thought about eclipses.
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The first word here, we have a picture.
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What's going on here?
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We have some eggs.
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Where'd that egg go?
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Who took my egg?
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I'm hungry.
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No, I'm just kidding.
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There's an egg that's missing.
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It went from sight.
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We can't see it anymore.
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What happened?
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It disappeared.
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So, if something is there one moment, and then you look again, and it's not there, it disappeared.
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It disappeared.
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Disappear.
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Now, be careful when you say this.
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Dis -a -pear.
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So, dis -a -pear.
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Disappear.
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Disappear.
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You can say that something disappears.
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Don't say, was disappeared.
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That's Conglish.
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Don't say that.
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Many students will say that.
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Say my watch.
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disappeared my wallet I hope not
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but my wallet disappeared right I had it on my desk
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then it's gone it disappeared not it was disappeared just it disappeared so So, it disappeared.
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That's how you say that.
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It disappeared.
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The egg disappeared.
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My glasses disappeared.
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Okay, so that's the correct way to use disappear.
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Okay, next one.
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Two.
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Oh, my God.
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Oh, sorry.
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I was suddenly scared.
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What is that?
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That's very scary.
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I'm afraid.
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Okay, a devil or bad spirit.
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Another word for a devil or a bad spirit, we call it a demon, demon.
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Two words, demon, demon.
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But don't worry, demons aren't real, okay?
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They're just imagination.
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We think of demons, right?
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This is a very scary looking demon, right?
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Looks like somebody is dressed up for Halloween, right?
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So demons are from like folk tales or imaginary tales that people tell.
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Demon, don't be scared.
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They're not real.
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Okay.
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Three.
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Oh, so romantic, right?
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Here's a man.
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He's proposing to his girlfriend.
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He's proposing with what is this?
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This is an engagement ring.
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Ring, engagement ring, that's kind of a long word for you, sorry, ring, engagement ring.
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When a man wants a woman to marry him, he will give her a ring and he will say, will you marry me?
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And their love will go on with no end and it's forever.
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We hope.
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That's the ideal situation.
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We hope that it goes on forever.
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Sometimes it doesn't, but that's another story.
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Okay, so, but anyway, it's an interesting picture to illustrate forever.
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Hopefully, their love will be forever until they die.
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They will be married.
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They will love each other, I hope, for the rest of their lives.
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For them, forever.
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Of course, when you talk about forever, you know, people, we don't live forever.
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We die very quickly.
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But if we talk about things like things that go on forever, for a very long time, there's no change, right?
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They go on for millions and millions and millions of years, right?
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We can say that's forever.
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Okay, number four.
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Now what's going on here?
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To make the meaning clear.
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So this person is explaining something to this man over here,
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explaining or telling him exactly what this paper is about, right?
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To make the meaning of something clear, you explain.
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Please explain this form to me.
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Please explain this letter to me.
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Explain.
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Ex -plain.
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So be careful.
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P -L.
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P -L.
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P -P and L -L.
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Explain.
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Explain.
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It's two sounds.
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Ex -plain.
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Explain.
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Now be careful.
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Do not use about with explain.
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Don't do that.
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Don't ever do this.
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Please.
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Explain about.
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Please explain about the form.
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No!
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Please explain the form.
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Please explain the problem.
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Please explain to me how to do something.
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But don't say explain to me about the problem.
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No!
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Don't use about with explain.
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You don't need to.
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And most times it's incorrect.
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Okay.
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So number five, get in the way or stop.
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This person is playing soccer.
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They're what we call the goalie, right?
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The goalie or goalkeeper.
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You can also call him the goalkeeper.
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He wants to stop the ball.
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So what is he doing?
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He is blocking to block, block, right?
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Stop it, right?
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Stop the ball or catch the ball so the ball doesn't go into the goal, right?
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To get in the way or stop, to block.
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Now, be careful because when you're walking on the street, you can block other people, right?
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You get in the way.
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So always, you know, looking around, making sure you don't block other people, especially when you're going through a door or you're going onto the subway.
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Or, you know, people are coming in and out like in an elevator, right?
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So we have to be careful we don't block people from moving in and out of buses, subways, and elevators.
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So block isn't just for sports, it's also every day when we're walking around, okay?
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Okay, number five, six, sorry.
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Bad or harmful?
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Again, another scary picture, right?
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We have a witch and we have a bat, but there's no Batman, I'm sorry.
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What is this?
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We say it's evil.
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Bad or harmful.
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Something that is bad, something that is harmful to many people, we can say, one word we can use is evil.
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Evil.
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It's two sounds.
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Evil.
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Vuh.
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Vuh.
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You make the vuh, the vibration.
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Vuh.
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Evil.
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Evil.
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Evil.
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Okay?
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That's how you pronounce it.
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It may be a little difficult to pronounce.
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Evil.
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Number seven.
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Oh, look at this.
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What are these people doing?
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They are recycling.
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They are putting together all of the plastic, right?
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What are they doing?
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They are gathering all the plastic together.
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To come together.
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When you put all the plastic together, you're gathering all the plastic.
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When you put all the cardboard or paper together, you're gathering it all together.
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So to come together means to gather.
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Also, people get together.
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We can say they are gathering.
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So it's not just things that gather.
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People also gather with their bodies, right?
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Their bodies get together.
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They are gathering.
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Maybe it's a concert, a meeting, some type of event.
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People will gather together.
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Number eight.
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Ah, she's a musician.
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A musical instrument played by hitting it.
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So what is this musical instrument?
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What do we call it?
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We call it a drum.
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That's very easy.
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It's a drum.
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Now, we saw this before, and I've just explained it.
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We used this word at the beginning of the lesson.
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Do you remember?
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When the moon is in the sky, lights up the sky.
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Sorry, that's an Italian song.
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I'm sorry.
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When the moon is between the sun and the earth.
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So when the moon is between the earth and the sun, the moon comes between and it blocks the sun.
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That's a word we used before, blocks the sun.
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Of course we call that an eclipse.
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An eclipse is when the moon is between the sun and the earth.
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Ten.
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Scared.
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Somebody who's scared.
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Another word for scared very easily is afraid.
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Scared.
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Afraid.
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I am afraid.
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I am scared.
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Same thing.
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Before, when we saw the picture of the demon, right there, I was scared.
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I was afraid.
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But just for a second, don't worry.
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Demons aren't real.
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Okay.
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11. When I saw this picture, I'm like, what is that father doing?
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That's really, really foolish.
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Now, the word is silly.
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I could also say, you know, that's really stupid.
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My gosh, this father, what is he doing?
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That's so, that's terrible.
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It's foolish, it's silly, it's really stupid.
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I mean, this boy or girl, I don't know which, it's very possible she or he will get hurt, right?
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So it's very foolish, very dumb thing to do.
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Another word is dumb.
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I think in, oops, dump, dumb.
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I think in Korean, it's B, not P, dumb.
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I hope I'm not dumb.
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But in Korean, you say pabo, right?
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Pabo.
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Foolish, silly, stupid, or dumb.
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Oh my gosh, he scared me for a minute.
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What's he doing?
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He looks like he is what?
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He wants something to eat.
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He is hungry.
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Although he kind of looks more angry than he looks hungry.
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But he's really, really hungry.
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He's very fierce about his hunger.
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He wants something to eat.
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He is hungry.
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Okay, what's going on here?
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What we're looking at is to hit the hands together to make a noise.
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So we're looking at this action right here.
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Not this action, not anything going on here, but we're looking at this action right here.
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To hit the hands together to make noise.
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What am I doing?
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I am clapping.
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He is clapping.
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So when you go to the theater or if you see a play by other students,
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and wow you want to show hey good job then you clap right good job so clap for the people.
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this is interesting are you hungry hopefully not like
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that guy we saw before
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but this makes me hungry you know i like apples probably you like apples too
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but we can see something interesting here we can see many
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many green apples right there's one red apple almost all of something
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so almost all the apples are green one apple is red we can say also most most of the apples are green,
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but not all, not all of the apples, because there's one apple that's red.
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And it doesn't matter if it was one or two, maybe two apples are red.
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We can still say most of the apples are green, because there's still many, many more green apples than there are red.
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Even if there's one, two, maybe this one's red, and this one's red, still, you still have many more green apples,
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so most of the apples are green.
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Most.
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Okay.
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Fifteen, a very beautiful town.
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Looks like it's in Europe, and I just said the word.
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A place larger than a village.
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A village is chagging, right?
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Just a few houses together.
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It's just a small place where people live.
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You know, a few houses together, maybe, you know, 20 families or something like that not very big.
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A city is huge like Seoul or Pusan, right?
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Very big.
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Many people live there.
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But what's in between?
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Not as big as Seoul, not as small as a tiny village, but in between, middle size, in the middle.
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We say it's a town.
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So a town is a place larger than a village, but smaller than a city.
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Okay.
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16. Well, these kids are having fun, aren't they?
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To say something in a loud voice.
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These kids like to rah, right?
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What are they doing?
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They are shouting, to shout.
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To say something in a loud voice is to shout.
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Okay, that wraps up the words.
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Let's take a look at some exercises that we can use to remember these words.
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Okay, how well do you remember the words?
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We have four words here what we need to do is write the word next to its meaning.
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So we have the definitions here, the meanings, and these are the words that we have to write in these blanks to match them with their meanings.
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The words are disappear, disappear,
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explain, explain, forever, forever, and evil, evil.
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No. Okay.
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Number one, to go from sight to suddenly you can't see it anymore, right?
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You saw it now, but then you look back, oh, it's gone.
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It went from your sight.
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What does that mean?
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It disappeared.
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It disappeared.
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Okay? To disappear.
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Three, with no end.
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There's no end.
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It seems to go on and on and on.
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There's no end.
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I don't see any end.
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It is forever.
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Forever.
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Number three, to make the meaning clear.
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So you want to make the meaning of something clear.
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You're going to talk to another person or other people and you're going to make them understand the meaning of something, you are explaining.
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Please explain this to them.
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Not explain about.
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Explain this to them.
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Just explain.
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Four, bad, wicked, or harmful.
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Something that is bad, wicked, or harmful.
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Of course, we have left evil.
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Something that is evil.
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It's bad, it's wicked or it's harmful.
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Okay, guess what?
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Hey, we have another exercise for you.
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So in this exercise, we need to write a word from the box under each clue.
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Clue.
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These are the clues that we have that go with these words.
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It's not really matching with the definitions because they don't define these words,
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but it's kind of like a hint or a clue that lets you know what the word is.
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Let's take a look.
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The words are, again, we see disappear, disappear.
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Well, it's a new one now.
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Gather, gather.
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Forever, forever.
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Demon, demon.
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And drum, drum.
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Okay, number one, I'm bad and scary.
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right?
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Remember that picture I saw that I was very scared at the beginning, but then I realized they aren't real.
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But what are they?
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Of course, they are demons.
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Demon.
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Two, bring them all to one place.
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You bring something together to one place.
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And either it could be things like paper, plastic, or it could be people.
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People all call.
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come to one place.
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What's going on?
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They're gathering, to gather.
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Gather, bring all to one place, bring something or many people to one place.
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Three, it's gone, so we can't see it, right?
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You saw it, then you're looking at it, it's gone, where'd it go?
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It what?
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What did it do?
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It disappeared, to disappear.
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It disappeared.
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Four, goes on and on and on forever.
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It just said the word.
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Goes on and on and never stops.
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What did I say?
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I said forever.
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Goes on and on, never stops.
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It's forever.
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Five, you hit it to make music.
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You hit something to make music.
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It's an instrument.
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It is a drum you hit a drum to make music it's a musical instrument it's a drum okay well
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that wraps it up for the vocabulary section you hopefully you
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you've learned some new words we're gonna use these words after
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the break to take a look at a reading passage about eclipses
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so come back soon see you soon okay welcome back let's go over the reading passage together
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and the reading passage of course, is talking about eclipses.
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So it starts off with a question.
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Many reading passages start with questions asking you if you know about the subject of the reading passage, like this one.
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Do you know what an eclipse is?
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So first of all, we're looking at the subject and the author is asking the reader a question.
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What do you know about this subject?
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Of course, the author doesn't expect you to answer because you're reading it, the author isn't there.
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It's just a question to get you to think about the subject.
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Do you know what an eclipse is?
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And then of course, after this question, when we're reading, we can expect to see the answer right away.
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An eclipse is, it's an an eclipse, it's when the moon blocks the sun.
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So an eclipse is when the moon blocks the sun.
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Very simple definition.
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Maybe, maybe, we're not sure, but maybe, probably, because eclipses happen quite often,
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maybe you've seen one before.
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The sky, the earth, everything becomes dark, right?
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The sky becomes dark, the earth becomes dark, everything becomes dark because the moon is blocking the sun's light.
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So if you see a full eclipse, remember I taught you about a full eclipse, everything becomes really dark and it could be a little scary, right?
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Well, today we know a lot about eclipses and that's today, right?
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Today we We know many things about the earth, about the sun, the other planets.
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We know about our moon.
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Hey, people have even been to the moon and come back.
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We know a lot about these things today.
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We know about eclipses today.
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We know most eclipses, most of them, them refer back to eclipses, last for just a few minutes.
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We know that we know the eclipse will only last for how long will the eclipse be?
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It will only last for a few minutes, maybe two minutes, three minutes, not very long.
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We even know, so we know how long they will last, but we even know when they will happen.
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We can predict because we know how fast the moon is traveling.
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We know how fast the Earth is moving, we know where the sun is.
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We know all these things today because scientists have studied these things
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and they can tell us when eclipses will happen and they are very accurate.
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They know down to the day, to the hour, to the minute when an eclipse will happen
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and where on Earth you have to be to see the full eclipse.
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But here Here we have a break.
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See, all of this is talking about today, after the break here, but long ago, in the past.
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People didn't know these things.
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They didn't know that they'd lasted for a few minutes.
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They didn't know when eclipses would happen.
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This is a long time ago.
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And so, because they didn't know, they were afraid of eclipses.
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Imagine that.
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A long time ago, people didn't know much about the moon or the sun.
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They thought the sun went around the earth. But they didn't know.
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We can't really blame them.
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They didn't know.
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When all of a sudden the moon, an eclipse happened, everything got dark and they didn't know why, so they were afraid, they become scared.
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Many people thought they, they refers to eclipses, many people thought eclipses were evil,
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they were bad, they could cause harm, without the sun there would be no food.
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That's evil, right?
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They thought the sun disappeared.
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Oh my gosh, we can't grow food.
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Everybody is going to die.
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That's very harmful.
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That's very dangerous.
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It's evil, right?
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Maybe some evil force is causing this.
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Somebody is trying to hurt us.
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The sun gives us light and makes plants grow.
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So when the sun disappeared, people got scared.
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The sun disappeared, there's no light, plants can't grow, oh my gosh, it's the end of the world, right?
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That's what people thought.
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They got very scared.
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So, people didn't know what was going on.
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All they knew was that they got scared and there was no light.
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So, people have good imaginations, right?
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So, with your imagination, you can make stories stories.
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Many people made stories.
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They made stories to explain why the sun was disappearing.
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Stories were told.
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Who told them?
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Many people.
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It doesn't say.
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It just says stories were told.
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Why? To explain.
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To explain what?
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Why the sun was disappearing.
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Some people told stories.
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Why did they tell stories? To explain.
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To explain what?
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Why the sun was disappearing.
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Because nobody knew.
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They had to tell stories.
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They couldn't find out for real, they just told stories.
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Some people telling the stories said a hungry demon in the sky was eating the sun.
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Wow, that must be a really big demon, right?
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But they didn't know how big the sun was.
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The sun didn't look very big, it was just small up in the sky.
500
Imagine if that was true.
501
So the author is asking, imagine if a demon was actually eating the sun.
502
Wow, that's pretty crazy.
503
That would be the end of the world.
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So people said it's a demon that eats the sun.
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How did they explain when the sun came back?
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Maybe the demon will bite?
507
I don't know, but that's what the story was.
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Every town, every town had a different story.
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Of course, a long time ago, there were more towns.
510
There weren't that many big cities, right?
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Most people lived on farms, in villages, and in towns, and in each town, in each area,
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the people had a different story to explain what was going on.
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Some towns thought an animal was blocking the sun, right?
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So some towns, in some towns, they thought an animal.
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I don't know what kind of animal could be in the sky, but they thought it was some animal up in the air was blocking the sun.
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They're kind of close, right?
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It wasn't an animal.
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It was a moon, but you know, they didn't know.
519
But anyway, they thought it was blocking the sun.
520
So what would they do?
521
They would even try to scare it.
522
Scare it?
523
Scare the animal.
524
To scare the animal into leaving, right?
525
So if it's an animal, you know, these are townspeople.
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Their experiences with farm animals or wild animals, they know animals can be scared if you make a lot of noise.
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So what they would do, they would all gather, get together to sing and shout at the eclipse.
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So they would get together to sing and shout, make a lot of noise, because they thought if we make a lot of noise,
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the animal will get scared and get out of the way of the Sun.
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It's they would do these things.
531
By the way, we're using would, would.
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You notice that we're using would a lot because we're talking about what people did in the past.
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In this case, we could even use used to because it's what they did in the past, but they don't do it now.
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They don't do this now because we know better, but a long time ago,
535
they would do this okay they would or they used to sing and shout at the Sun They banged drums,
536
banged is the same as hit, they banged drums and clapped their hands too.
537
So they sang, they shouted, hey, they hit drums, banged drums and they clapped their hands.
538
Maybe some people were not good at singing, like me, I would probably just clap my hands.
539
Maybe though if I sang, the animal really would be afraid.
540
Okay, so, but basically they thought that loud noises would make the animal go away.
541
What were the loud noises?
542
We can see gathered together singing, shouting, banging drums, and clapping their hands.
543
These are all the loud noises that they made.
544
They thought these loud noises would make the animal go away.
545
Get out of there.
546
Okay, shouting at the sun may seem silly to us now, right?
547
Nowadays, of course, shouting at the sun is silly.
548
If you go outside and go, hey, sun, what are you doing?
549
People around you think, well, you're crazy.
550
You're silly.
551
What are you doing?
552
The sun's not going to do anything.
553
Or if there's an eclipse and you shout, it was like, what are you shouting at the moon for?
554
The moon can't hear you.
555
So it seems silly to do that now.
556
But long ago, people thought it was the only way to get the sun back.
557
So they were afraid.
558
The sun disappeared.
559
So they shouted.
560
They didn't know.
561
They just did something.
562
And the sun came back.
563
They thought, it worked.
564
So every time that they shouted, the sun came back.
565
So they're going to keep shouting.
566
Right?
567
It's kind of funny.
568
They were afraid it might be dark forever.
569
It might be dark forever.
570
The sun's gone.
571
Oh my gosh, what happens if it's dark forever?
572
Let's shout at the animal or whatever it is that's blocking the sun and it will go away.
573
So it's kind of funny to think about what people thought a long time ago because people didn't know about the world.
574
They didn't have a very good scientific knowledge about what was going on.
575
And by the way, this is a good picture to look at.
576
You see, these kids are looking at the solar eclipse or the eclipse and they're wearing special glasses.
577
This is very important.
578
Again, I'll say it again.
579
Don't look at an eclipse without special equipment covering your eyes or protecting your eyes.
580
You must protect your eyes.
581
Don't look at the sun with just your eyes or just normal glasses.
582
Don't do that.
583
Use special glasses or you can look at the sun or see the shadow that's made as the eclipse happens.
584
That's the best way to look at an eclipse.
585
They're very interesting, very amazing things, but we know what they really are now.
586
Let's talk about the comprehension questions.
587
Number one, this story is about what?
588
What was this entire story about?
589
A. Demons.
590
B. Banging drums.
591
C. Eclipses.
592
D. Shadows.
593
This story is about demons.
594
We heard about a demon that was one possible explanation people a long time ago had for the eclipse,
595
that a demon was eating the son, but that was just one little part of the story.
596
We weren't talking about demons, the whole story wasn't telling us details about demons.
597
B, banging drums.
598
Again, the story just mentioned banging drums as a way that people used to try to get their son back, right?
599
But it wasn't the whole story.
600
This story was not about drums and playing drums and how to bang drums, no. No, we didn't hear all those details.
601
We just heard the fact that drums were used for something else.
602
This whole story was about eclipses?
603
Yes, that's the answer, right?
604
Because we're talking about eclipses, what they are, what people a long time ago thought they were
605
and what they did to get out of an eclipse or to make the eclipse stop.
606
So the story is about eclipses.
607
Not about shadows, right?
608
We don't really talk about shadows at all in the story, just when the moon shadow is over the earth.
609
But the passage really didn't mention that, okay?
610
So that's not the answer.
611
Of course, it's not the answer.
612
The whole story was about eclipses.
613
Okay, number two.
614
During an eclipse.
615
This means during the time of an eclipse.
616
Remember, eclipses last about two or three minutes, right?
617
So during that time.
618
That's a little bit of time, something, other things can happen.
619
During an eclipse, A, the sun blocks the moon.
620
B, all the shadows get bigger.
621
C, the moon blocks the sun.
622
D, a demon eats the sun.
623
D, no, I hope you didn't choose that, right?
624
Absolutely not.
625
We don't live 300, 400 years ago, right?
626
We live today.
627
We know demons don't exist.
628
They're not real and demons don't eat the sun.
629
We know that, okay.
630
Basically, what we need to look at is what happens during the eclipse?
631
What is causing the eclipse?
632
Is it that the sun blocks the moon?
633
That would mean that, I need three objects here.
634
Let's say this is the earth, this is the sun, and this is the moon.
635
That means the sun comes and blocks the moon?
636
Think about that.
637
If that happened, if the sun got between the earth and the moon, we would all die.
638
The sun is too big the sun would cover the earth and the moon would be inside the sun.
639
So, A obviously is incorrect.
640
Thank goodness that never happens because we would all burn to death.
641
Okay.
642
B, all the shadows get bigger?
643
No. But this one, the moon blocks the sun.
644
Okay, now this is the moon, this is the earth, and this is the sun.
645
Yes, the moon comes between because there's a lot of space, right?
646
The moon goes around the earth, the sun is actually way out here, right?
647
And the moon blocks the sun.
648
Okay, so that's the right answer, C.
649
During an eclipse, the moon blocks the sun, not the sun blocks the moon.
650
That's very dangerous.
651
Okay.
652
Three.
653
Long ago, people beep when there was an eclipse.
654
What did people do during an eclipse a long time ago?
655
Did they dance?
656
The passage didn't mention anything about dancing.
657
They were silent.
658
They all kept quiet.
659
The passage didn't say anything about keeping quiet, so that's not the correct answer.
660
They slept.
661
Oh, there's an eclipse.
662
Time to go to bed.
663
No, the passage didn't say that.
664
And D, sang and shouted.
665
That's what they did.
666
They wanted to make noise.
667
So long ago, people sang and shouted when there was an eclipse
668
because they wanted to make a lot of noise to scare away that animal that was blocking the sun.
669
They thought the animal was blocking the sun.
670
So they sang and shouted.
671
They made a lot of loud noises.
672
Okay, number four.
673
There would be no what without the sun.
674
And we have no, no, no, no. So what would be absent?
675
But what would be gone if the sun wasn't there?
676
There would be no moon, there would be no food, there would be no earth, or there would be no water.
677
Which is the correct answer?
678
A. There would be no moon without the sun. That doesn't make sense.
679
If the sun was gone, the moon would still be there, so that's not the right answer.
680
There would be no food without the sun.
681
Okay, that's what the passage specifically said.
682
The passage said that without the sun, plants can't grow.
683
And as we know, if plants can't grow, there's going to be no vegetables, no fruits.
684
Other animals that eat plants, they would die.
685
So, when we eat those animals, there would be no food.
686
There would be no food without the sun.
687
Not no earth, right?
688
That's not what the passage said.
689
And no water, they didn't say that either.
690
The right answer is no food.
691
There would be no food without the sun.
692
So thankfully, eclipses only last for a few minutes.
693
Okay, this is an eclipse again.
694
Looks like the moon is either coming in or leaving the sun.
695
Eclipses are really amazing things to look at.
696
If you do get a chance, go see an eclipse.
697
Very amazing.
698
But again, be careful about how you look at the eclipse.
699
Let's look at some interesting ideas about eclipses.
700
An eclipse, as we know, is when the moon blocks the sun.
701
This is the moon.
702
It looks like a shadow, but we can't really see the moon normally, but when it gets between the sun, it's blocking the sun.
703
Then we can see it.
704
What else?
705
Many people thought that eclipses, they, meaning eclipses, many people thought they were evil, that eclipses were evil.
706
They would cause harm to people.
707
Every town had a different story.
708
And of course, this is a long time ago.
709
We didn't have newspapers or telephones or television, right?
710
People had different stories in different towns about why this was happening.
711
And finally, the townspeople would gather to sing and shout at the eclipse, right?
712
That's what they would do a long time ago because they didn't understand what was going on.
713
They thought this was an animal blocking the sun.
714
So let's make loud noises, the animal will go away.
715
Well, thankfully we live in a time where we know a lot more about the earth, the moon, the sun.
716
We know a lot about other things too, our own bodies, many things on earth that happen.
717
We know why.
718
We know a lot about why things occur.
719
We don't have to live in a time where people believed in stories, made up stories or demons or evil things like that.
720
We live in a time where we can explain most of those things
721
and we can use our logic and reasoning to understand why things happen
722
so we won't be foolish running around shouting at the sun and clapping for imaginary animals to get out of the way.
723
So that's kind of funny.
724
So it's good to be living in these times to know more about what we're doing.
725
But anyway, this is interesting.
726
I hope you've learned a little bit about the world too as you studied this lesson
727
so you know next time there's an eclipse, You don't have to go outside and shout and sing and clap and bang a drum.
728
Just look at it.
729
Be amazed at this amazing happening that's going on in nature.
730
Okay, well, we'll see you guys next time.
731
Take care, everybody.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 731 个句子、5908 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 41:40。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 142 个词，很适合跟读。 87% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| eclipse 名词 | /ɪˈklɪps/ | 日食, 日蝕 /日蚀 |
| disappear 动词 | /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ | 消失 |
| demon 名词 | /ˈdiː.mən/ | 邪魔, 邪神 |
| shout 动词 | /ʃaʊt/ | 喊叫, 呼喊 |
| scare 动词 | /skɛɚ/ | 嚇唬 /吓唬, 使害怕 |
| drum 名词 | /ˈdɹʌm/ | 鼓, 堂鼓 |
| passage 名词 | /ˈpæsɪd͡ʒ/ | 片斷 /片断, 片段 |
| bang 名词 | /ˈbæŋ/ | 轟 /轰, 砰 |
| clap 动词 | /klæp/ | 拍手, 鼓掌 |
| shadow 名词 | /ˈʃædəʊ̯/ | йинзы, йинйинзы |
| hungry 形容词 | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | 飢餓 /饥饿, 餓 /饿 |
| silly 形容词 | /ˈsɪl.i/ | 愚蠢, 笨 |
| harmful 形容词 | /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/ | 有害, 不良 |
| lesson 名词 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 課業 /课业, -課 /-课 |
| scary 形容词 | /ˈskɛə.ɹi/ | 恐怖 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| come back 动词 | 回來 /回来, 返回 | |
| go away 动词 | 離開 /离开, 走 | |
| come together 动词 | /ˈkʌm tʊˈɡɛðɚ/ | 集合, 联合 |
| go through 动词 | 通過 /通过 | |
| look around 动词 | 環顧 /环顾 | |
| look back 动词 | 回顧 /回顾 | |
| make up 动词 | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | 組成 /组成 |
| put together 动词 | 拼合, 組合 /组合 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 149 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, didn't, we're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, theater /ˈθi(ə)tɚ/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: shout /ʃaʊt/, shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/, gosh /ɡɑːʃ/, foolish /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/, imagination /ɪˌmæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: imagination /ɪˌmæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/, elevator /ˈɛləˌveɪtɚ/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, imaginary /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪˌn(ɛ)ɹi/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 eclipse, disappear, demon 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 条件句 if + 从句，will/would + 动词 — 条件及其结果 | if I sang, the animal really would be |
| “used to” used to + 动词 — 过去的习惯或状态，现在已不再如此 | used to sing · used to try |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is shown · is not covered · was disappeared |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | I've just explained · have left · you've learned |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。