跟读练习: Munk Debate on Ukraine – John Mearsheimer Closing Statement - 通过视频学习英语口语

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I want to make it clear, I disagree completely with Radek on the point that

Russia is an imperial great power and that Ukraine is the first train station on the line.

And when they're done conquering and incorporating Ukraine, there'll be additional countries.

There is no evidence to support that.

It's true if you look at the July 12, 2021 talk.

It's true if you look at Putin's February 21 and February 24 talks this year.

This is all about the West's effort to make

Russia, excuse me, to make Ukraine a bulwark, a Western bulwark on Russia's border.

And the key prong in our strategy is NATO expansion.

If you just go look at the documentation,

you'll see an abundance of evidence of that and you can find no evidence that Putin is an imperialist.

What we have here...

No, what we have here...

What we have here is a choice between two bad alternatives.

One alternative is we can reach an accommodation with the Russians and, through diplomacy, work to create a neutral Ukraine.

That's one alternative, and it's the alternative that Steve and I favor.

The other alternative, and this is the Biden administration's policy,

is to double down and to try to defeat the Russians in Ukraine,

to bring the Russian economy down through comprehensive sanctions, and as I said on a number of occasions,

to knock the Russians out of the ranks of the great powers.

That's the alternative.

You have to choose between those two.

And our argument is that the second alternative is extremely dangerous and it's going to be terribly damaging for the Ukrainians.

It makes more sense to cut a deal here.

And what you really want to think about is the one crisis before this

that looks a lot like the situation we're in today, and that's the Cuban Missile Crisis.

We now know that when the United States got involved in the Cuban Missile Crisis,

what President Kennedy did was he went to enormous lengths to shut the crisis down.

He cut a deal with Khrushchev.

He cut a deal with Khrushchev that he thought was

so objectionable to the American people that he told Khrushchev

that he was going to have to lie about the Jupiter missiles in Turkey which he was going to take out.

Kennedy understood.

We were talking back then about the threat of nuclear war.

And Kennedy understood that you definitely wanted to do everything you can to avoid that.

So what I'm saying to all you folks in the audience is you want to think like John F.

Kennedy in this crisis, not like Joe Biden.

Wow.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“Munk Debate on Ukraine – John Mearsheimer Closing Statement”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：alternative, Ukraine, crisis, Kennedy, Russian。这段视频共有 38 个句子、441 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 3:04。说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 144 个词，很适合跟读。 85% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 14 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
occasion 名词	/əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/	場合 /场合, 機會 /机会
comprehensive 形容词	/ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/	全面的, 綜合的 /综合的
knock 动词	/nɑk/	敲
enormous 形容词	/ɪˈnɔː.məs/	巨大的
neutral 形容词	/ˈnuː.tɹəl/	中立
imperial 形容词	/ɪmˈpɪɹ.i.əl/	帝國的 /帝国的, 皇帝的
missile 名词	/ˈmɪs.aɪl/	飛彈 /飞弹, 導彈 /导弹
disagree 动词	/dɪsəˈɡɹi/	不同意, 反對 /反对
accommodation 名词	/əˌkɒm.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/	住處 /住处, 膳宿
incorporate 动词	/ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.eɪt/	组成
conquer 动词	/ˈkɑŋkɚ/	征服
diplomacy 名词	/dɪˈpləʊməsi/	外交
imperialist 名词	/ɪmˈpɪəɹiəlɪst/	帝國主義者 /帝国主义者
sanction 名词	/ˈsæŋkʃən/	批准, 同意

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	释义
take out 动词	取出
talk back 动词	頂嘴 /顶嘴

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 5 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, there'll, they're。请按听到的简短形式来说。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: occasion /əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/, accommodation /əˌkɒm.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, sanction /ˈsæŋkʃən/
长单词——注意重音位置: comprehensive /ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/, imperial /ɪmˈpɪɹ.i.əl/, accommodation /əˌkɒm.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, incorporate /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.eɪt/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: rank /ˈɹæŋk/, comprehensive /ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/, knock /nɑk/, enormous /ɪˈnɔː.məs/, folk /foʊk/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: neutral /ˈnuː.tɹəl/, imperial /ɪmˈpɪɹ.i.əl/, terribly /ˈtɛɹ.ɪ.bli/, imperialist /ɪmˈpɪəɹiəlɪst/
/æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: rank /ˈɹæŋk/, sanction /ˈsæŋkʃən/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 occasion, comprehensive, knock 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: Munk Debate on Ukraine – John Mearsheimer Closing Statement - 通过视频学习英语口语

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