Prática de Shadowing: Munk Debate on Ukraine – John Mearsheimer Closing Statement - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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38 frases
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I want to make it clear, I disagree completely with Radek on the point that
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Russia is an imperial great power and that Ukraine is the first train station on the line.
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And when they're done conquering and incorporating Ukraine, there'll be additional countries.
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There is no evidence to support that.
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It's true if you look at the July 12, 2021 talk.
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It's true if you look at Putin's February 21 and February 24 talks this year.
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This is all about the West's effort to make
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Russia, excuse me, to make Ukraine a bulwark, a Western bulwark on Russia's border.
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And the key prong in our strategy is NATO expansion.
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If you just go look at the documentation,
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you'll see an abundance of evidence of that and you can find no evidence that Putin is an imperialist.
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What we have here...
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No, what we have here...
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What we have here is a choice between two bad alternatives.
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One alternative is we can reach an accommodation with the Russians and, through diplomacy, work to create a neutral Ukraine.
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That's one alternative, and it's the alternative that Steve and I favor.
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The other alternative, and this is the Biden administration's policy,
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is to double down and to try to defeat the Russians in Ukraine,
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to bring the Russian economy down through comprehensive sanctions, and as I said on a number of occasions,
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to knock the Russians out of the ranks of the great powers.
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That's the alternative.
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You have to choose between those two.
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And our argument is that the second alternative is extremely dangerous and it's going to be terribly damaging for the Ukrainians.
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It makes more sense to cut a deal here.
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And what you really want to think about is the one crisis before this
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that looks a lot like the situation we're in today, and that's the Cuban Missile Crisis.
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We now know that when the United States got involved in the Cuban Missile Crisis,
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what President Kennedy did was he went to enormous lengths to shut the crisis down.
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He cut a deal with Khrushchev.
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He cut a deal with Khrushchev that he thought was
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so objectionable to the American people that he told Khrushchev
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that he was going to have to lie about the Jupiter missiles in Turkey which he was going to take out.
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Kennedy understood.
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We were talking back then about the threat of nuclear war.
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And Kennedy understood that you definitely wanted to do everything you can to avoid that.
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So what I'm saying to all you folks in the audience is you want to think like John F.
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Kennedy in this crisis, not like Joe Biden.
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Wow.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Munk Debate on Ukraine – John Mearsheimer Closing Statement”. As palavras que mais se repetem: alternative, Ukraine, crisis, Kennedy, Russian. Este vídeo tem 38 frases e 441 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 3:04. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 144 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 85% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| rank substantivo | /ˈɹæŋk/ | fileira, coluna |
| occasion substantivo | /əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/ | ocasião |
| comprehensive adjetivo | /ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/ | abrangente |
| knock verbo | /nɑk/ | bater |
| enormous adjetivo | /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ | enorme, gigante |
| neutral adjetivo | /ˈnuː.tɹəl/ | neutro |
| folk substantivo | /foʊk/ | povo |
| imperial adjetivo | /ɪmˈpɪɹ.i.əl/ | imperial |
| missile substantivo | /ˈmɪs.aɪl/ | míssil |
| disagree verbo | /dɪsəˈɡɹi/ | discordar |
| accommodation substantivo | /əˌkɒm.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/ | alojamento, hospedagem |
| abundance substantivo | /əˈbʌn.dn̩s/ | abundância |
| incorporate verbo | /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.eɪt/ | incorporar |
| conquer verbo | /ˈkɑŋkɚ/ | conquistar |
| diplomacy substantivo | /dɪˈpləʊməsi/ | diplomacia |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| take out verbo | tirar, remover |
| talk back verbo | responder |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 5 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I'm, there'll, they're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: occasion /əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/, accommodation /əˌkɒm.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, sanction /ˈsæŋkʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: comprehensive /ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/, imperial /ɪmˈpɪɹ.i.əl/, accommodation /əˌkɒm.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, incorporate /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.eɪt/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: rank /ˈɹæŋk/, knock /nɑk/, folk /foʊk/, incorporate /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.eɪt/, bulwark /ˈbʊl.wɚk/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: neutral /ˈnuː.tɹəl/, imperial /ɪmˈpɪɹ.i.əl/, missile /ˈmɪs.aɪl/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como rank, occasion, comprehensive.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.