跟读练习: PCB 101 Academy - Learn how printed circuit boards are assembled - 通过视频学习英语口语

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I am here at Roy Electronics in Northern Italy

and I'm going to share with you now the PCB assembly

process as it starts from the bareboard PCBs to the end customers.

ProElectronics have implemented a very advanced

Industry 4 .0 PCB assembly shop floor.

As you can see, there are hardly any operators in this production floor because they have chosen to implement a very high level of automation.

This is the shop floor of the future.

Let's go have a look.

The burr board goes into the laser marking machine.

The machine marks a unique serial number which comes from the ERP

and reports to the output file that the Valor IoT can then collect the data.

The serial number will enable us to track this specific board and know exactly what happened to it.

At ROI, the serial numbers are generated by the ERP and are unique to each PCB.

The screen printer applies the paste through the stencil.

Each job has a different stencil which is planned with Valor process preparation.

It must be precise per product and per revision.

At this station, we can expect a relatively high rate of defects.

It is very sensitive to environment condition, temperature, humidity, time.

This is the reason for many tests and inspections after this stage.

With Valor material management, we can conduct stencil verification by scanning the stencil barcode and reporting the exact stencil and paste we have used.

The solder paste inspection machine, referenced as SPI, tests the quality of the printer to verify

that everything was printed according to the plan and there is paste only where it should be.

The SPI will run the test program and report the findings in a file, including pass -fail as well as measurements.

This data is later on collected by Valor IoT.

Roy have three types of pick -and -place machines.

A fast pick -and -place machine, a machine with a camera for small and subtle components when accuracy is highly important,

and a very strong machine with high pressure for boards that require force in implementing its components.

Having different pick -and -place machines is typical to many manufacturers.

It allows for high accuracy and flexibility.

Valor process preparation can help in generating the assembly programs.

Valor IoT manufacturing connects to the pick and place machine and can collect data regarding machine utilization.

Valor material management helps manage the material on the machine and replacement of material when it's consumed.

At the visual inspection station, operators can validate that the correct components were placed on the board before continuing in the manufacturing process.

Valor process preparation can create a documentation which will define for the operator what should be inspected at this stage.

Here the soldering is done.

The plan for the oven is referred to as an oven profile.

The reflow oven is divided into several chambers.

The speed through each chamber can be different, and each chamber can have a different temperature.

Valo IoT Manufacturing connects to the reflow oven and receives information regarding the actual temperature and speed of the oven.

At this station, we wish to ensure

that each component was placed correctly in the right angle and that the soldering is good.

Valor process preparation can help us prepare a test program so

that the exact location where the pins contact the pads will be examined.

At this point, the SMT process is complete.

Following the SMT process, we have additional placement technologies such as through -hole and manual assembly.

At the through -hole station at Roy, we can see that the through -hole components are placed manually on the PCB,

but they are then soldered in a selective soldering oven.

There are two methods which are used to perform electrical tests on the PCB.

Bed of nails for high volume,

which allows for shorter time of testing but requires expensive development of fixtures or flying probe for high mix small volume.

It takes longer to program the flying probe and run the test but is much easier to handle new products.

Valor process preparation can help plan the fixture of the bed

of nail as well as generate a program for the flying probe machine.

In addition, Valor IoT will collect data from the different testers including the different electrical measurement as well as the pass fail.

All Valor manufacturing solutions have been integrated into the CamStar electronics suite.

Data is sent to the MES, which now runs the entire process.

For large BGA components, we need to check that the pins reach the right layer.

These pins are usually behind the component and therefore cannot be tested with AOI machines.

In this case, we use an x -ray to take an x -ray image of the PCB

and make sure that the connectivity and the soldering is adequate.

Now we can actually test the functionality of the completed product.

The preference is always to find issues through the different processes

and avoid finding defects at the last stage of the functional test.

Here, mechanical parts are assembled manually or by a robot.

At this point, the product assembly is complete.

That's it.

The product is ready to be delivered.

We can package it and send it to the end customer.

The PCB assembly process has been completed.

Now that we've learned how PCBs are made, come and join us in leading this industry.

Siemens.

Ingenuity for life.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“PCB 101 Academy - Learn how printed circuit boards are assembled”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：machine, process, pcb, valor, test。这段视频共有 32 个句子、904 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 6:13。说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 145 个词，很适合跟读。只有 78% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
component 名词	/kəmˈpoʊ.nənt/	元件, 部件
oven 名词	/ˈʌ.vn̩/	烤爐 /烤炉, 爐 /炉
preparation 名词	/ˌpɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃ(ə)n/	準備 /准备
collect 动词	/ˈkɑlɪkt/	庋藏, 收藏
pasta 名词	/ˈpɑ.stə/	мянфан, 意大利麵 /意大利面
chamber 名词	/ˈt͡ʃeɪ̯mbɚ/	臥室 /卧室, 寢室 /寝室
operator 名词	/ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/	話務員 /话务员, 接線員 /接线员
pin 名词	/pɪn/	別針 /别针
implement 动词	/ˈɪmpləmənt/	實施 /实施, 執行 /执行
electronics 名词	/ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪks/	電子學 /电子学
inspection 名词	/ɪnˈspɛkʃən/	檢查 /检查
connect 动词	/kəˈnɛkt/	連接 /连接
accuracy 名词	/ˈæk.jɚ.ə.si/	準確度 /准确度, 準確性 /准确性
nail 名词	/neɪl/	зыҗя, җиҗя
measurement 名词	/ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/	尺寸

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的	are generated · is planned · was printed
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事	have implemented · have chosen · have been integrated
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物	stencil which is · documentation which will · methods which are

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 3 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, they're, we've。请按听到的简短形式来说。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: preparation /ˌpɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃ(ə)n/, inspection /ɪnˈspɛkʃən/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, revision /ɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/
长单词——注意重音位置: preparation /ˌpɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃ(ə)n/, operator /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/, electronics /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪks/, electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, accuracy /ˈæk.jɚ.ə.si/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

/v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: oven /ˈʌ.vn̩/, sensitive /ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, selective /səˈlɛktɪv/, verify /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/
词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: component /kəmˈpoʊ.nənt/, collect /ˈkɑlɪkt/, generate /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/, implement /ˈɪmpləmənt/, electronics /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪks/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: serial /ˈsɪɹ.i.əl/, electronics /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪks/, electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, replacement /ɹɪˈpleɪsmənt/, correctly /kəˈɹɛk(t).li/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 component, oven, preparation 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: PCB 101 Academy - Learn how printed circuit boards are assembled - 通过视频学习英语口语

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