跟读练习: Why humans need fiction, according to neuroscience - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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The behavior comes out.
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The behavior comes out.
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And then there's this little narrator up there that turns it into a story that makes us feel coherent and unified.
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Turns out it's a thing in the left hemisphere that does this and we called it the interpreter.
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Consciousness is not a linear flow of what's happening around us, but sort of a convenient narrative of what's happening around us, created for our viewing pleasure by the unconscious brain.
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It's a very powerful force in the human condition, and it's always trying to figure out and seek explanations for our behavior.
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In my early part of my career, I studied patients who had their two brains disconnected, working out the functions of each hemisphere.
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Test results show that speech is localized in only one half brain.
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Doctor Gazzaniga now reconstructs the test.
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We would put a question to the right non-speaking hemisphere, and it, in effect, would direct the left hand to do something.
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So the patient would do that. - And Joe sees two words simultaneously.
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Bell goes to his non-speaking right brain — Music to his speaking left brain.
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When asked to point to a picture of what he saw, he chooses Bell.
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And then we would simply say to the patient, well, why did you do that?
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We found out that in the left brain, there's a special system that seems to always want to explain actions and moods that we have after they occurred.
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Why do you pick that one?
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Music. - Music?
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There was music and bell.
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And it was a few minutes ago.
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The last time I heard any music was coming from the bells out here.
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Banging away.
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So the bells outside here.
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What's extraordinary is that Joe's speaking left brain concocts a plausible story of why he pointed to Bell, even when some of the other pictures more obviously represent music.
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We're learning and appreciating the ways in which we produce our perception, our cognition and our consciousness and all the rest of it.
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There's evidence that consciousness is not really what it seems to be.
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We feel our subjective experiences unfolding in the world around us in sort of this linear narrative in which B follows A, in which C follows B and D follows C, but in reality it seems that our conscious narrative might not be that linear.
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If you think of something like speech, you're probably not aware of my speech in a syllable-by-syllable, word-by-word manner.
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So, for example, the word mouse could mean a rodent, or it could be the mouse pad of a computer.
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Well if I say, "The mouse pad was beside the computer," in that case, the mouse can only be understood as a mouse pad.
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So it seems to be this chunking that happens, in which your unconscious mind reaches a point of analysis by sampling everything that's happening around it to deliver something a nice narrative of the world around us into our conscious mind.
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I think the human as a storytelling animal, as some people put it, is because the system is continually trying to keep the story coherent, even though these actions may be coming from processors going on outside of, initially, of conscious awareness.
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It's one of the reasons why people are different too, because people have different experiences, so they have different things they're trying to explain.
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So your experiences are different than my experiences and so your storyline, and we may start off with the same interpreter, but because all your experiences are different, your actual environmental experience, your temperament differences and all the rest of it, that's going to color everything in a little different way and this interpreter is going to make up a different story about it.
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Why does the human always seem to like fiction?
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Could it be that that prepares us for unexpected things that happen in our life?
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because we've already thought about them in our fantasy world, saw how those characters acted, and so then when we're confronted with it, we're writing it.
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We've sort of lived through that movie, as it were.
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So why do we like that stuff?
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Well, maybe that's a reason why we like it.
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And to think of all of those things, it seems to me, just to make it all richer, a richer experience.
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为什么要通过这个视频练习口语?
观看这个视频不仅有助于您提高英语口语表达能力，还能让您深入理解人类如何通过虚构故事来理解和应对现实生活中的各种情境。这个视频探讨了人类思维的复杂性，特别是如何形成一个连贯的叙述来解释我们的行为。这不仅能增强您的 英语口语练习 能力，还能激发您对语言的兴趣和热情。在模拟对话时，您可以尝试将视频中的解析应用到自己的实际表达中，以提高您在 雅思口语练习 中的自信和流利度。
语法与表达的语境分析
在视频中，演讲者使用了多种表达方式来阐述复杂的观点。以下是3-5个关键结构的分析，这些结构能帮助您在口语中更加自然地表达思想：
- 出现在左半球的解释者（the interpreter） - 用于描述大脑如何解释我们的行为，强调结构感和逻辑性。
- 描述我们的经验（我们的经历是不同的） - 这表明每个人都有独特的视角，有助于提升交流的个性化。
- 记忆性的片段（chunking） - 这表明我们如何在语音中理解和使用词汇，提醒学习者要关注上下文。
- 设想（Maybe that’s a reason why we like it） - 用假设的方式引导思考，增加口语表达的灵活性。
常见发音陷阱
在视频中，一些词汇和表达可能会引发发音挑战。以下是几个需要注意的发音陷阱：
- interpreted - 注意发音的重心，确保发音清晰。
- coherent - 该词的发音可能对许多学习者来说是个挑战，需多加练习。
- narrative - 它通常被发音为‘nair-uh-tiv’，强调‘narr’部分。
- concoct - 在口语中要注意这个词的流畅度，防止说得太快而模糊发音。
在练习时，您可以进行提高英语发音的训练，选择视频片段进行模仿，运用 shadowspeak 的技巧，将所学的发音和表达运用到实际对话中，帮助您在各种口语测试中脱颖而出。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。