تدريب Shadowing: How Pumped Storage Power Plants Work (Hydropower) - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

So in this lesson, we're going to have a look at a special type of hydropower plant known as a pump storage power plant.

We've already looked at how various types of hydropower plant work, and this type is not much different from some of the others we've seen.

However, it's got quite a unique operating characteristic, which I'm going to discuss with you in a moment.

So we can see we've got our water inlet, and that is on the opposite side of this reservoir wall.

I'll spin around so we can actually go down and have a look at the inlet.

There is the inlet.

We can see we've also got a gate so we can close off the water inlet to the penstock.

We've then got our penstock which comes down, comes all the way down the hill.

This is actually quite a large head of pressure or a large head to have with this type of power plant.

Now having a large to medium head is a characteristic of a pump storage power plant.

What's unusual here is that the penstock is split into two and feeds two separate turbines.

Remember, you don't normally see that on power plants where you have a medium to large head.

Normally, one penstock will supply one turbine.

Now, I'm gonna go and have a look at the turbines and generators from the outside, because I did actually try and look earlier from inside and it's quite cramped.

We can see that we've got a turbine runner which is housed within this casing, and the water itself comes from the penstock.

You can see it coming in here.

It's fed to the turbine runner, And then it's discharged and it will go out through the draft tube and into the river.

See if we can find the draft tube.

And this is it here, and on the opposite side, we also have another draft tube.

So this is very similar in a way to some of the other hydro plants that we looked at.

It's just that the head is much larger.

If we've got a larger head, then that means we can have either a Pelton type turbine

or a Francis type turbine we're not going to have a Kaplan type turbine because the head is simply too large.

Pump storage power plants though only utilize a Francis type turbine.

They do not use Pelton type turbines or Kaplan.

And there's a very simple reason for this.

Francis type turbines can be used to pump water back up the mountain.

That means we can generate electricity when water flows down the mountain

and then we can pump the water back up again to the upper reservoir in order to refill the upper reservoir.

But why would we do this?

Why would we pump water back up and then let water back down again later?

Well a pump storage hydropower plant is very similar to a battery, except we're not storing chemical energy.

We're actually storing the potential energy of the water at a higher elevation.

Let's imagine for a moment that it's a very sunny, windy day.

And that means that we're generating a lot of electricity from wind turbines and solar power.

This also means that electricity is cheap.

It's in abundance.

So imagine we're paying one cent per kilowatt hour just to keep things simple.

Now it might be that the people operating this pump storage plant think

that one cent per kilowatt hour is very cheap

and they'll buy the electricity in order that they can power the Francis turbines and pump the water from the lower reservoir,

in this case a river, up to the upper reservoir.

And they'll do this all day because it's been sunny all day and there's also been a lot of wind, so we've got a lot of cheap electricity.

When the upper reservoir's full, and this may take eight to 10 hours,

maybe more, maybe less, we'll hold on to all of this stored potential energy.

And what we'll do, we'll wait until it's dark And all of a sudden, all of that abundant electrical supply that was provided by the sun from solar power,

and maybe the wind dies down as well, all of that abundant electrical power will disappear.

It'll no longer be available in the national grid.

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Thanks very much for your time.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تدريب Shadowing: How Pumped Storage Power Plants Work (Hydropower) - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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