Shadowing Practice: How Pumped Storage Power Plants Work (Hydropower) - Learn English Speaking with Video
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So in this lesson, we're going to have a look at a special type of hydropower plant known as a pump storage power plant.
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We've already looked at how various types of hydropower plant work, and this type is not much different from some of the others we've seen.
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However, it's got quite a unique operating characteristic, which I'm going to discuss with you in a moment.
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So we can see we've got our water inlet, and that is on the opposite side of this reservoir wall.
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I'll spin around so we can actually go down and have a look at the inlet.
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There is the inlet.
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We can see we've also got a gate so we can close off the water inlet to the penstock.
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We've then got our penstock which comes down, comes all the way down the hill.
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This is actually quite a large head of pressure or a large head to have with this type of power plant.
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Now having a large to medium head is a characteristic of a pump storage power plant.
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What's unusual here is that the penstock is split into two and feeds two separate turbines.
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Remember, you don't normally see that on power plants where you have a medium to large head.
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Normally, one penstock will supply one turbine.
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Now, I'm gonna go and have a look at the turbines and generators from the outside, because I did actually try and look earlier from inside and it's quite cramped.
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We can see that we've got a turbine runner which is housed within this casing, and the water itself comes from the penstock.
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You can see it coming in here.
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It's fed to the turbine runner, And then it's discharged and it will go out through the draft tube and into the river.
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See if we can find the draft tube.
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And this is it here, and on the opposite side, we also have another draft tube.
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So this is very similar in a way to some of the other hydro plants that we looked at.
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It's just that the head is much larger.
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If we've got a larger head, then that means we can have either a Pelton type turbine
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or a Francis type turbine we're not going to have a Kaplan type turbine because the head is simply too large.
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Pump storage power plants though only utilize a Francis type turbine.
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They do not use Pelton type turbines or Kaplan.
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And there's a very simple reason for this.
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Francis type turbines can be used to pump water back up the mountain.
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That means we can generate electricity when water flows down the mountain
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and then we can pump the water back up again to the upper reservoir in order to refill the upper reservoir.
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But why would we do this?
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Why would we pump water back up and then let water back down again later?
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Well a pump storage hydropower plant is very similar to a battery, except we're not storing chemical energy.
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We're actually storing the potential energy of the water at a higher elevation.
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Let's imagine for a moment that it's a very sunny, windy day.
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And that means that we're generating a lot of electricity from wind turbines and solar power.
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This also means that electricity is cheap.
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It's in abundance.
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So imagine we're paying one cent per kilowatt hour just to keep things simple.
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Now it might be that the people operating this pump storage plant think
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that one cent per kilowatt hour is very cheap
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and they'll buy the electricity in order that they can power the Francis turbines and pump the water from the lower reservoir,
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in this case a river, up to the upper reservoir.
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And they'll do this all day because it's been sunny all day and there's also been a lot of wind, so we've got a lot of cheap electricity.
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When the upper reservoir's full, and this may take eight to 10 hours,
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maybe more, maybe less, we'll hold on to all of this stored potential energy.
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And what we'll do, we'll wait until it's dark And all of a sudden, all of that abundant electrical supply that was provided by the sun from solar power,
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and maybe the wind dies down as well, all of that abundant electrical power will disappear.
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It'll no longer be available in the national grid.
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If you like this video and would like to see more engineering related tutorials, then check out some of the links in the video description area.
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And if you click on these links, you'll get a special discount price for all of our engineering video courses.
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If you wanna support the channel, then please do like this video or share it on social media.
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Really does help us out.
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You can also leave a comment in the comment section.
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And if you've got any questions, then please just ask, and I will try to respond to you within 48 hours.
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Thanks very much for your time.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel C1 se basa en el vídeo “How Pumped Storage Power Plants Work”. Las palabras que más se repiten: turbine, plant, type, pump, penstock. Este vídeo tiene 55 frases y 835 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 4:54. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 171 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. El 84 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| turbine sustantivo | /ˈtɜː.baɪn/ | turbina |
| reservoir sustantivo | /ˈɹɛz.ə(ɹ).vwɑɹ/ | embalse, pantano |
| inlet sustantivo | /ˈɪnlət/ | ensenada |
| hydropower sustantivo | hidroenergía, energía hidráulica | |
| kilowatt sustantivo | /ˈkɪ.ləˌwɒt/ | kilovatio, kilowatt |
| abundant adjetivo | /əˈbʌn.dənt/ | abundante, copioso |
| characteristic sustantivo | /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/ | característica |
| sunny adjetivo | /ˈsʌni/ | asoleado, soleado |
| hydroelectric adjetivo | /ˌhʌɪdrəʊɪˈlɛktrɪk/ | hidroeléctrico |
| refill sustantivo | /ˈɹiː.fɪl/ | refill, reservida |
| windy adjetivo | /ˈwɪn.di/ | ventoso |
| tutorial sustantivo | /ˌtjuːˈtɔːɹɪəl/ | tutoría, tutorial |
| abundance sustantivo | /əˈbʌn.dn̩s/ | abastanza (desus.), abundancia |
| elevation sustantivo | /ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃn̩/ | elevación |
| generator sustantivo | /ˈdʒɛnəɹeɪtə(ɹ)/ | generador, generador eléctrico |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| back up verbo | retroceder, ciar |
| back down verbo | recular, echarse atrás |
| check out verbo | investigar, chequear |
| go out verbo | salir |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Oraciones condicionales if + oración, will/would + verbo — una condición y su resultado | If you like this video and would like · if you click on these links, you'll get |
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | is split · is housed · was provided |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 28 contracciones y formas reducidas, como we've, we're, we'll. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, hydroelectric /ˌhʌɪdrəʊɪˈlɛktrɪk/, generator /ˈdʒɛnəɹeɪtə(ɹ)/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: reservoir /ˈɹɛz.ə(ɹ).vwɑɹ/, elevation /ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃn̩/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: reservoir /ˈɹɛz.ə(ɹ).vwɑɹ/, utilize /ˈjuː.tɪ.laɪz/
- /dʒ/ — no es la “y” ni la “ch”: discharge /dɪsˈtʃɑɹdʒ/, generator /ˈdʒɛnəɹeɪtə(ɹ)/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como turbine, reservoir, inlet.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.