تدريب Shadowing: Sinking and Sourcing PLC Inputs Explained | What is the Difference? - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
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In this video, we're going to talk about syncing and sourcing PLC digital input modules and how they're connected to field devices.
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We will be using a Siemens digital input module with this part number.
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If you want to order this module online, you can head on over to the RealPars Marketplace or simply click on this link here.
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The two types of PLC input modules are digital and analog.
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A digital input module accepts inputs from digital devices such as switches and proximity sensors.
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The input module will detect one of the two possible conditions of an input device, open or closed.
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For example, a push -button switch is a digital device and can either be open or closed.
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We will examine how the input module detects the input device condition later in this video.
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The focus of our video is on digital input modules.
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Okay, let's go.
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As we said earlier, a digital input module will detect one of the two possible conditions of an input device, open or closed.
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So, the question is, how does the input module know if the input device is open or closed?
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All we need to do is construct a closed circuit containing the input device,
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the PLC input module, and a 24 volt DC power supply.
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If the switch is open, there is 0 volts at the module input terminal.
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If the switch is closed, there is a positive 24 volts at the module input terminal.
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The input module will detect either a no voltage or voltage condition at the input.
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These voltage conditions represent the open or closed conditions of the switch.
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These voltage or non -voltage conditions are represented by ones and zeros in the PLC memory.
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Every input device is connected the same way.
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If you have a 64 input module, it's possible to have 64 separate circuits.
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We'll show you more examples later.
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Alright, now that we know how the digital input module determines the input device condition,
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let's talk about the current flow between the power supply and the input module.
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There is a current flow, but it is very small and usually under 10 milliamps.
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Notice in our example that the current is flowing into the PLC module.
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Depending on the type of PLC input module and how it's connected with the input device, the current could flow in or out of the module.
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That's where the terms sinking and sourcing come into the picture.
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Let's spend some time clearing up any misconceptions you might have about these terms.
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When we talk about sinking and sourcing, it's all about defining the direction of conventional current flow between two devices.
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Think of it this way, current is flowing between device number 1 and device number 2.
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Ask yourself, which direction is the current flowing?
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The current is flowing from device number 1 to device number 2.
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Therefore, we say device number 1 is sourcing the current, and device number 2 is sinking the current.
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Okay, what if the current is flowing from device number two to device number one?
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In this case, we say device number two is sourcing the current, and device number one is sinking the current.
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In every situation where you have a current flow between two devices, one of the devices will be sourcing and the other will be sinking.
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PLC vendors manufacture both sinking and sourcing digital input modules.
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Let's explore what they are and how they differ.
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Remember what we discussed earlier, it's all about the direction of conventional current flow.
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Let's have a look at two devices with current flowing between them.
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One device is a PLC input module, and the second device is a push -button switch.
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Based on the connection polarity, the syncing module will have the current flowing into it from the switch.
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Ok, let's do that again, but this time our PLC input module will be a sourcing module.
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Based on the connection polarity, the sourcing module will have the current flowing out of it.
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Current can flow in either direction through a push -button switch because it is a passive device and not polarity -dependent.
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There are many active digital input devices used in industry today that are polarity -dependent.
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They must be wired correctly or they will not work at all.
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These active devices will be labeled as either syncing or sourcing.
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You can learn more about active sensors in our other videos.
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We'll direct you there at the end of this video.
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If you recall, earlier we said that when there are two devices with current flowing between them, one device will be sourcing and one will be syncing.
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If the input device is a sourcing type, the PLC input module must be a syncing type.
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If the input device is a syncing type, the PLC input module must be a sourcing type.
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Adding confusion to already murky concepts,
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some vendors refer to syncing and sourcing input devices as NPN and PNP.
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You can learn more about NPN and PNP in our other videos.
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We'll direct you there at the end of this video.
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Here's something to remember.
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An NPN device is a syncing device.
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A PNP device is a sourcing device.
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The Siemens Digital Input Module 6ES7521 -1BH50 -0AA0 is a sourcing type.
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If you want to order this PLC module to use in your project, you can find the link in the video description.
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Let's connect a push -button switch and a syncing proximity sensor to two of the inputs.
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The current is flowing out of the PLC module because it is a sourcing type.
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Let's have a look at a syncing module.
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The Phoenix Contact Digital Input Module AXLSEDI16 -1 is a syncing type.
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You can find the link to order this PLC module in the video description as well.
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Let's connect a push -button switch and a sourcing proximity sensor to two of the inputs.
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The current is flowing into the PLC module because it is a syncing type.
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If you want to learn more, you might want to review two of our other videos called
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How to Wire Discrete DC Sensors to PLC Part 2 and What is a Transistor Working Principles.
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You can find the links to these videos in the description.
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Ok, let's review what we've covered in this video.
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A digital input module will detect one of the two possible conditions of an input device, open or closed.
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Digital input modules detect either a no voltage or voltage condition at the input.
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A sinking input module will have the current flowing into it.
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A sourcing input module will have the current flowing out of it.
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PLC vendors offer both syncing and sourcing digital input modules.
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An NPN device is a syncing device.
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A PNP device is a sourcing device.
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Want to learn PLC programming in an easy -to -understand format
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and take your career to the next level? head on over to realpars .com
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
هذا الدرس في المحادثة مبني على الفيديو “Sinking and Sourcing PLC Inputs Explained”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: input, device, module, current, sourcing. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 83 جملة و1146 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 8:30. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 135 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 74% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| module اسم | /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/ | وَحْدَة |
| sink فعل | /ˈsɪŋk/ | غَطَسَ |
| voltage اسم | /ˈvəʊltɪd͡ʒ/ | جُهْد, فُولْتِيَّة |
| detect فعل | /dɪˈtɛkt/ | كَشَفَ |
| connect فعل | /kəˈnɛkt/ | رَبَطَ |
| sensor اسم | /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ | حَسَّاس, جِهَازُ اِسْتِشْعَار |
| proximity اسم | /pɹɒkˈsɪm.ɪ.ti/ | قرب |
| vendor اسم | /ˈvɛn.dɚ/ | بَائِع, بَيَّاع |
| dependent صفة | /dɪˈpɛndənt/ | مُتَوَقِّفْ, مُعْتَمِدْ |
| conventional صفة | /kənˈvɛnʃənl̩/ | عُرْفِيّ |
| refer فعل | /ɹɪˈfɜː/ | أَشَارَ |
| label اسم | /ˈleɪ.bəl/ | مُلْصَق, بِطَاقَة |
| wire اسم | /ˈwaɪɚ/ | سِلْك |
| recall فعل | /ɹɪˈkɔl/ | ٱسْتَدْعى |
| explore فعل | /ɪkˈsploɹ/ | اِسْتَكْشَفَ |
جمل تستحق التكرار
جمل قصيرة وكاملة من الفيديو يمكنك استخدامها في الحديث اليومي:
- We'll show you more examples later.
- Let's explore what they are and how they differ.
- Let's have a look at a syncing module.
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 6 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل we'll, they're, we're. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: conventional /kənˈvɛnʃənl̩/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/, misconception /ˌmɪs.kənˈsɛp.ʃən/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: proximity /pɹɒkˈsɪm.ɪ.ti/, polarity /pəˈlæɹɪti/, misconception /ˌmɪs.kənˈsɛp.ʃən/
أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:
- /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: input /ˈɪnpʊt/, proximity /pɹɒkˈsɪm.ɪ.ti/, dependent /dɪˈpɛndənt/, explore /ɪkˈsploɹ/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/
- /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: voltage /ˈvəʊltɪd͡ʒ/, vendor /ˈvɛn.dɚ/, conventional /kənˈvɛnʃənl̩/, passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/, volt /vəʊlt/
- تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: sync /sɪŋk/, sink /ˈsɪŋk/, detect /dɪˈtɛkt/, connect /kəˈnɛkt/, proximity /pɹɒkˈsɪm.ɪ.ti/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل module, sink, voltage.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.