跟读练习: Sinking and Sourcing PLC Inputs Explained | What is the Difference? - 通过视频学习英语口语
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In this video, we're going to talk about syncing and sourcing PLC digital input modules and how they're connected to field devices.
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We will be using a Siemens digital input module with this part number.
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If you want to order this module online, you can head on over to the RealPars Marketplace or simply click on this link here.
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The two types of PLC input modules are digital and analog.
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A digital input module accepts inputs from digital devices such as switches and proximity sensors.
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The input module will detect one of the two possible conditions of an input device, open or closed.
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For example, a push -button switch is a digital device and can either be open or closed.
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We will examine how the input module detects the input device condition later in this video.
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The focus of our video is on digital input modules.
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Okay, let's go.
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As we said earlier, a digital input module will detect one of the two possible conditions of an input device, open or closed.
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So, the question is, how does the input module know if the input device is open or closed?
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All we need to do is construct a closed circuit containing the input device,
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the PLC input module, and a 24 volt DC power supply.
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If the switch is open, there is 0 volts at the module input terminal.
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If the switch is closed, there is a positive 24 volts at the module input terminal.
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The input module will detect either a no voltage or voltage condition at the input.
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These voltage conditions represent the open or closed conditions of the switch.
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These voltage or non -voltage conditions are represented by ones and zeros in the PLC memory.
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Every input device is connected the same way.
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If you have a 64 input module, it's possible to have 64 separate circuits.
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We'll show you more examples later.
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Alright, now that we know how the digital input module determines the input device condition,
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let's talk about the current flow between the power supply and the input module.
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There is a current flow, but it is very small and usually under 10 milliamps.
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Notice in our example that the current is flowing into the PLC module.
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Depending on the type of PLC input module and how it's connected with the input device, the current could flow in or out of the module.
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That's where the terms sinking and sourcing come into the picture.
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Let's spend some time clearing up any misconceptions you might have about these terms.
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When we talk about sinking and sourcing, it's all about defining the direction of conventional current flow between two devices.
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Think of it this way, current is flowing between device number 1 and device number 2.
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Ask yourself, which direction is the current flowing?
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The current is flowing from device number 1 to device number 2.
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Therefore, we say device number 1 is sourcing the current, and device number 2 is sinking the current.
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Okay, what if the current is flowing from device number two to device number one?
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In this case, we say device number two is sourcing the current, and device number one is sinking the current.
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In every situation where you have a current flow between two devices, one of the devices will be sourcing and the other will be sinking.
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PLC vendors manufacture both sinking and sourcing digital input modules.
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Let's explore what they are and how they differ.
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Remember what we discussed earlier, it's all about the direction of conventional current flow.
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Let's have a look at two devices with current flowing between them.
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One device is a PLC input module, and the second device is a push -button switch.
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Based on the connection polarity, the syncing module will have the current flowing into it from the switch.
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Ok, let's do that again, but this time our PLC input module will be a sourcing module.
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Based on the connection polarity, the sourcing module will have the current flowing out of it.
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Current can flow in either direction through a push -button switch because it is a passive device and not polarity -dependent.
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There are many active digital input devices used in industry today that are polarity -dependent.
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They must be wired correctly or they will not work at all.
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These active devices will be labeled as either syncing or sourcing.
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You can learn more about active sensors in our other videos.
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We'll direct you there at the end of this video.
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If you recall, earlier we said that when there are two devices with current flowing between them, one device will be sourcing and one will be syncing.
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If the input device is a sourcing type, the PLC input module must be a syncing type.
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If the input device is a syncing type, the PLC input module must be a sourcing type.
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Adding confusion to already murky concepts,
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some vendors refer to syncing and sourcing input devices as NPN and PNP.
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You can learn more about NPN and PNP in our other videos.
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We'll direct you there at the end of this video.
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Here's something to remember.
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An NPN device is a syncing device.
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A PNP device is a sourcing device.
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The Siemens Digital Input Module 6ES7521 -1BH50 -0AA0 is a sourcing type.
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If you want to order this PLC module to use in your project, you can find the link in the video description.
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Let's connect a push -button switch and a syncing proximity sensor to two of the inputs.
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The current is flowing out of the PLC module because it is a sourcing type.
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Let's have a look at a syncing module.
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The Phoenix Contact Digital Input Module AXLSEDI16 -1 is a syncing type.
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You can find the link to order this PLC module in the video description as well.
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Let's connect a push -button switch and a sourcing proximity sensor to two of the inputs.
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The current is flowing into the PLC module because it is a syncing type.
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If you want to learn more, you might want to review two of our other videos called
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How to Wire Discrete DC Sensors to PLC Part 2 and What is a Transistor Working Principles.
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You can find the links to these videos in the description.
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Ok, let's review what we've covered in this video.
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A digital input module will detect one of the two possible conditions of an input device, open or closed.
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Digital input modules detect either a no voltage or voltage condition at the input.
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A sinking input module will have the current flowing into it.
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A sourcing input module will have the current flowing out of it.
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PLC vendors offer both syncing and sourcing digital input modules.
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An NPN device is a syncing device.
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A PNP device is a sourcing device.
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Want to learn PLC programming in an easy -to -understand format
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and take your career to the next level? head on over to realpars .com
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“Sinking and Sourcing PLC Inputs Explained”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：input, device, module, current, sourcing。 这段视频共有 83 个句子、1146 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 8:30。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 135 个词，很适合跟读。 只有 74% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| input 名词 | /ˈɪnpʊt/ | 輸入 /输入 |
| module 名词 | /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/ | 模塊 /模块 |
| sink 动词 | /ˈsɪŋk/ | 沉, 下沉 |
| voltage 名词 | /ˈvəʊltɪd͡ʒ/ | 電壓 /电压 |
| detect 动词 | /dɪˈtɛkt/ | 察覺 /察觉, 發覺 /发觉 |
| connect 动词 | /kəˈnɛkt/ | 連接 /连接 |
| sensor 名词 | /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ | 傳感器 /传感器 |
| proximity 名词 | /pɹɒkˈsɪm.ɪ.ti/ | 接近 |
| vendor 名词 | /ˈvɛn.dɚ/ | 賣主 /卖主, 賣家 /卖家 |
| terminal 名词 | /ˈtɚmɪnəl/ | 航站, 航廈 /航厦 |
| dependent 形容词 | /dɪˈpɛndənt/ | 依靠, 倚賴 /倚赖 |
| conventional 形容词 | /kənˈvɛnʃənl̩/ | 协定的 |
| format 名词 | /ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/ | 格式, 開本 /开本 |
| refer 动词 | /ɹɪˈfɜː/ | 談到 /谈到 |
| label 名词 | /ˈleɪ.bəl/ | 標籤 /标签, 簽條 /签条 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- We'll show you more examples later.
- Let's explore what they are and how they differ.
- Let's have a look at a syncing module.
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 6 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 we'll, they're, we're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: conventional /kənˈvɛnʃənl̩/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/, misconception /ˌmɪs.kənˈsɛp.ʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: proximity /pɹɒkˈsɪm.ɪ.ti/, polarity /pəˈlæɹɪti/, misconception /ˌmɪs.kənˈsɛp.ʃən/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: voltage /ˈvəʊltɪd͡ʒ/, vendor /ˈvɛn.dɚ/, conventional /kənˈvɛnʃənl̩/, passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/, volt /vəʊlt/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: input /ˈɪnpʊt/, sync /sɪŋk/, sink /ˈsɪŋk/, voltage /ˈvəʊltɪd͡ʒ/, detect /dɪˈtɛkt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: recall /ɹɪˈkɔl/, explore /ɪkˈsploɹ/, correctly /kəˈɹɛk(t).li/, polarity /pəˈlæɹɪti/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 input, module, sink 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。