Shadowing Practice: Debating skills - Introduction - Learn English Speaking with Video
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A debate is a discussion of a theme or question between two or more interlocutors.
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In a formal debate, the theme or question is called a motion.
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The motion is usually controversial and has no clear or correct answer.
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An example of a motion might be,
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everybody should get universal basic income.
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The two teams will then argue for or against the motion.
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The party for or in favour of the motion is called the proposition.
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The party against or opposed to the motion is called the opposition.
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Each team is usually given equal time to present their argument,
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which usually includes an introduction,
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reasons with examples or evidence, and a conclusion.
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At the end of the debate,
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a neutral third party, usually a judge or committee, will decide the winner.
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The winning team is the team that delivers the most cogent, convincing argument.
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Whether the judge personally agrees with the motion is not relevant to determining the winner.
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In fact, the teams are typically assigned their position at random,
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which means they may need to debate in favour of a motion with which they personally disagree.
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The word debate comes from the Latin verb battere, meaning to fight.
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The practice goes back thousands of years to ancient Greece and India,
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where debate was considered essential to a functioning democracy.
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The debate structure used today first took form in the early 18th century England.
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The fundamental skills necessary to debate also apply to many other aspects of life.
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The ability to think critically and analyse a problem,
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the ability to present your thoughts logically and elegantly,
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the ability to speak confidently in public,
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and the ability to listen carefully and interpret information quickly are crucial skills for any leader,
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academic, researcher or artist.
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Creating a position you might not personally agree with also helps you to develop empathy and broaden your world view.
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As you train for debate,
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you will learn how to analyse a problem,
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form a persuasive argument, respond to counter arguments and ask questions.
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Along the way, you'll also discover new information,
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meet new people and gain new perspectives.
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you
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Este vídeo tiene 34 frases y 353 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 2:50. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 125 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. El 84 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| skill sustantivo | /skɪl/ | destreza, habilidad |
| universal adjetivo | /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/ | universal |
| argue verbo | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | argüir, argumentar |
| carefully adverbio | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | cuidadosamente |
| formal adjetivo | /ˈfɔɹməl/ | formal |
| aspect sustantivo | /ˈæspɛkt/ | aspecto |
| conclusion sustantivo | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | conclusión, neta |
| discover verbo | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | descubrir |
| fundamental adjetivo | /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/ | fundamental, cimental |
| crucial adjetivo | /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/ | crucial |
| convince verbo | /kənˈvɪns/ | convencer, llevar al huerto |
| neutral adjetivo | /ˈnuː.tɹəl/ | neutral |
| controversial adjetivo | /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/ | polémico, controvertido |
| disagree verbo | /dɪsəˈɡɹi/ | no estar de acuerdo, desacordar |
| oppose verbo | /əˈpoʊz/ | oponer, salir al encuentro |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/, proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/, critically /ˈkɹɪt.ɪ.kə.li/, proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como skill, universal, argue.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.