Shadowing Practice: Monetary vs Fiscal Policy Explained | PART 1 | Think Econ - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Hey everyone and welcome back to the channel.

In this video we'll be looking at the biggest differences between monetary and fiscal policy.

With that said let's get into it.

So when looking at policy there's two main types that we talk about.

We talk about fiscal policy and monetary policy

and there's five main differences between them that we're going to be highlighting in this video very briefly.

Firstly for fiscal policy it's controlled by the government

so these are governmental decisions and monetary policy is actually controlled by the central bank

so depending on which nation you're in that may be a different party

but in canada that's the bank of canada in the united states the federal reserve

and so on and so forth each country has a related central bank

and that central bank implements monetary policy whereas their government implements fiscal policy the second big difference is

that fiscal policy takes place by changing taxation

and government spending whereas monetary policy takes place by changing the interest rate

so the key drivers in these two policies are very different things again one taxation

and government spending is controlled by the government

and the interest rate is set by the central bank the third difference is

that the main goals of fiscal policy are full employment

and economic growth

while the main goals of monetary policy is to manage inflation once again you might notice trend full employment

and economic growth are very government heavy goals

and managing inflation is the biggest cause for changing the interest rate in the first place

so a very central bank -oriented goal as well.

The fourth difference is that fiscal policy looks at the supply side

and monetary policy looks at the demand side of an economy.

So on the supply side think of investment and production and on the demand side think of consumption and retail investment.

So finally this last one which is pretty intuitive is

that fiscal policy inevitably takes longer and

that monetary policy is just faster to implement

and the reason for this once again is primarily due to who runs the show.

The government runs the show for fiscal policy and that takes legislation

and lots of red tape to get through versus monetary policy

which is done by the central bank is pretty immediate when

that overnight interest rate changes the banks and other financial institutions react very quickly

and then that very quickly gets reflected to the general public

and it hits its goals much faster now sometimes fiscal policy

and monetary policy work together and sometimes they actually conflict one another

and we'll talk about

that in a different video in this video we just want to highlight the five main differences between them

if you found this video helpful let us know by liking

the video subscribing to the channel of course let us know in the comments section what sort of economic topics

or homework questions you'd like to see us cover in the future.

Thanks for watching this video and we'll catch you in the next.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “Monetary vs Fiscal Policy Explained”. Las palabras que más se repiten: policy, monetary, fiscal, bank, difference. Este vídeo tiene 43 frases y 519 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 2:29. El hablante habla rápido, unas 209 palabras por minuto, así que espera sonidos enlazados y reducidos. El 89 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es fácil de seguir.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

Palabra	Pronunciación	Significado
fiscal adjetivo	/ˈfɪskəl/	fiscal, crematístico
monetary adjetivo	/ˈmʌnɪtəɹi/	monetario
implement verbo	/ˈɪmpləmənt/	implementar
whereas	/(h)wɛɹˈæz/	mientras que (locution)
highlight verbo	/ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/	resaltar, enfatizar
inflation sustantivo	/ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/	inflación
taxation sustantivo	/tækˈseɪ.ʃən/	tasación
topic sustantivo	/ˈtɑpɪk/	tema, tópico
primarily adverbio	/ˈpɹaɪ.mə.ɹə.li/	primariamente
helpful adjetivo	/ˈhɛlp.fl̩/	servicial, adyuvante
institution sustantivo	/ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/	institución
reflect verbo	/ɹɪˈflɛkt/	reflejar, reflectar
consumption sustantivo	/kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/	consumo, consumición
versus	/ˈvɝsəs/	contra, en vez de
briefly adverbio	/ˈbɹiːfli/	concisamente, brevemente

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

Palabra	Pronunciación	Significado
get through verbo	/ɡɛt ˈθɹu/	aguantar, salir adelante

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 6 contracciones y formas reducidas, como we'll, we're, you'd. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: inflation /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/, taxation /tækˈseɪ.ʃən/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/
Palabras largas — cuida el acento: monetary /ˈmʌnɪtəɹi/, primarily /ˈpɹaɪ.mə.ɹə.li/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, governmental /ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/

Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:

/v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: versus /ˈvɝsəs/, overnight /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, governmental /ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/, intuitive /ɪnˈtjuːɪtɪv/
/h/ — una aspiración suave, no la “j”: whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, highlight /ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/, helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/, homework /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como fiscal, monetary, implement.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →

Shadowing Practice: Monetary vs Fiscal Policy Explained | PART 1 | Think Econ - Learn English Speaking with Video

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