Prática de Shadowing: Monetary vs Fiscal Policy Explained | PART 1 | Think Econ - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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Hey everyone and welcome back to the channel.

In this video we'll be looking at the biggest differences between monetary and fiscal policy.

With that said let's get into it.

So when looking at policy there's two main types that we talk about.

We talk about fiscal policy and monetary policy

and there's five main differences between them that we're going to be highlighting in this video very briefly.

Firstly for fiscal policy it's controlled by the government

so these are governmental decisions and monetary policy is actually controlled by the central bank

so depending on which nation you're in that may be a different party

but in canada that's the bank of canada in the united states the federal reserve

and so on and so forth each country has a related central bank

and that central bank implements monetary policy whereas their government implements fiscal policy the second big difference is

that fiscal policy takes place by changing taxation

and government spending whereas monetary policy takes place by changing the interest rate

so the key drivers in these two policies are very different things again one taxation

and government spending is controlled by the government

and the interest rate is set by the central bank the third difference is

that the main goals of fiscal policy are full employment

and economic growth

while the main goals of monetary policy is to manage inflation once again you might notice trend full employment

and economic growth are very government heavy goals

and managing inflation is the biggest cause for changing the interest rate in the first place

so a very central bank -oriented goal as well.

The fourth difference is that fiscal policy looks at the supply side

and monetary policy looks at the demand side of an economy.

So on the supply side think of investment and production and on the demand side think of consumption and retail investment.

So finally this last one which is pretty intuitive is

that fiscal policy inevitably takes longer and

that monetary policy is just faster to implement

and the reason for this once again is primarily due to who runs the show.

The government runs the show for fiscal policy and that takes legislation

and lots of red tape to get through versus monetary policy

which is done by the central bank is pretty immediate when

that overnight interest rate changes the banks and other financial institutions react very quickly

and then that very quickly gets reflected to the general public

and it hits its goals much faster now sometimes fiscal policy

and monetary policy work together and sometimes they actually conflict one another

and we'll talk about

that in a different video in this video we just want to highlight the five main differences between them

if you found this video helpful let us know by liking

the video subscribing to the channel of course let us know in the comments section what sort of economic topics

or homework questions you'd like to see us cover in the future.

Thanks for watching this video and we'll catch you in the next.

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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição

Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Monetary vs Fiscal Policy Explained”. As palavras que mais se repetem: policy, monetary, fiscal, bank, difference. Este vídeo tem 43 frases e 519 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 2:29. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 209 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. 89% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é fácil de acompanhar.

Vocabulário principal deste vídeo

15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:

Palavra	Pronúncia	Significado
fiscal adjetivo	/ˈfɪskəl/	fiscal
monetary adjetivo	/ˈmʌnɪtəɹi/	monetário
implement verbo	/ˈɪmpləmənt/	implementar
whereas	/(h)wɛɹˈæz/	enquanto, ao passo que
highlight verbo	/ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/	realçar, enfatizar
inflation substantivo	/ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/	inflação
taxation substantivo	/tækˈseɪ.ʃən/	taxação
topic substantivo	/ˈtɑpɪk/	tópico, assunto
helpful adjetivo	/ˈhɛlp.fl̩/	prestável, útil
institution substantivo	/ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/	instituição
reflect verbo	/ɹɪˈflɛkt/	refletir
consumption substantivo	/kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/	consumo
versus	/ˈvɝsəs/	contra, vérsus
depend verbo	/dɪˈpɛnd/	depender
overnight advérbio	/əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/	durante a noite, em uma noite

Pronúncia para ficar de olho

O falante usa 6 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we'll, we're, you'd. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.

Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: inflation /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/, taxation /tækˈseɪ.ʃən/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/
Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: monetary /ˈmʌnɪtəɹi/, primarily /ˈpɹaɪ.mə.ɹə.li/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, governmental /ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/

Sons difíceis para falantes de português:

Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: implement /ˈɪmpləmənt/, highlight /ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/, topic /ˈtɑpɪk/, tape /teɪ̯p/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/
/l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: fiscal /ˈfɪskəl/, governmental /ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/
/h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, highlight /ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/, helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/, homework /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/

Como praticar com este vídeo

Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como fiscal, monetary, implement.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →

Prática de Shadowing: Monetary vs Fiscal Policy Explained | PART 1 | Think Econ - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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