Shadowing Practice: What is Public Health?? - Learn English Speaking with Video

Hello and welcome to this video where we're going to talk about public health.

Public health has made a significant impact on the health of populations, making people healthy and saving lives.

For example, in the United States, between 1900 to 1999, people's life expectancy has increased by over 30 years.

Did you know that 25 of these extra years gained are due to public health interventions?

So in this video, we're going to take a look at what public health is, how it's different to clinical medicine, who's responsible for doing it, and how it's done.

First of all, let's have a look at what health is.

The World Health Organization defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well -being,

rather than a mere absence of disease or infirmity.

This is a pretty bold and ambitious definition

that prompts people to look beyond diseases and focus not only on the physical aspect of health, but also on the mental and social aspects as well.

and public health well public health is the science

and art of preventing disease prolonging life

and promoting health through the organized efforts of society okay

so how is it different to clinical medicine let's take a

look at an example let's say someone has an accident

and has a broken leg a clinician's main focus is the

immediate health problem fixing the fractured leg clinicians focus on the individual the public health approach would be holistic

and would focus on figuring out how and why this person had an accident so

that actions can be taken to prevent it from happening again

for example why did he have the accident was there a

problem with his vision was it poor knowledge of driving skills

or bad attitudes towards driving was he under the influence of alcohol

or drugs when he was driving are there laws against this

and resources to enforce it what are the community expectations

or attitudes towards driving does he have a good social support network

that will help in his recovery

or prevent this from happening again was the road he was driving on safe was he driving a safe car

that was well maintained if not why not could he not afford it

if not why could he not afford it does he have a job

that doesn't pay well why is that is it

because he did not have access to good education was there good access to health services

which would determine his treatment and recovery?

As you can see from this example, health is determined by a complex interaction between many different factors or determinants of health.

These include individual characteristics, lifestyle and behaviors, and also the physical, social and economic environments, the social determinants of health.

In order to make a difference in health, there's action needed across all the different determinants.

Public health focuses on these upstream factors to make changes that can benefit the health of the population as a whole.

This seems like a very broad and complex task, doesn't it?

So, who's responsible for public health?

Ultimately, the responsibility of creating a healthy community rests with all sectors of society.

Health departments do have a central role in public health.

However, improving the health of a population requires the coordinated efforts of a broad range of stakeholders.

This includes other areas of government, the private sector, non -governmental organizations, international organizations, and communities, to name a few.

All united with a shared goal of improving the health of the public.

Now let's have a look at how public health works.

The World Federation of Public Health Associations has developed a useful framework to understand how public health is delivered.

There are three core service areas of public health

and a group of enablers that ensure that these services can occur effectively and efficiently.

The three core areas of public health are protection, promotion and prevention.

Protection is about protecting the health of the population.

This includes the control of infectious diseases, managing environmental hazards, ensuring a healthy workplace, and managing health emergencies.

Promotion is about improving the health of the population.

It covers a broad range of activities that not only focuses on the individual, like promoting health behaviours over a life course, it also focuses on improving the social determinants of health.

Prevention is about preventing health issues before they occur.

It includes activities such as vaccination and screening.

to enable these core areas to function there needs to be good governance advocacy to influence

and obtain support and commitment for actions

that support a health goal capacity having an adequate well -trained

and supported public health workforce

and having accurate timely information to support health actions such as relevant research surveillance monitoring and evaluation

so that's a quick introduction to the fascinating field of public

health we've had a look at what it is how it's different to clinical medicine who's responsible for doing it, and how it's done.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Este vídeo tiene 61 frases y 830 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 5:20. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 156 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. El 86 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

Palabra	Pronunciación	Significado
occur verbo	/əˈkɜː/	ocurrir
aspect sustantivo	/ˈæspɛkt/	aspecto
promotion sustantivo	/pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/	ascenso, promoción
prevention sustantivo	/pɹɪˈvɛnʃən/	prevención
commitment sustantivo	/kəˈmɪtmənt/	compromiso, promesa
skill sustantivo	/skɪl/	destreza, habilidad
obtain verbo	/əbˈteɪn/	obtener
resource sustantivo	/ɹɪˈzɔːs/	recurso
monitor sustantivo	/ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/	monitor
absence sustantivo	/ˈæb.s(ə)n̩s/	ausencia, absencia (disused)
define verbo	/dɪˈfaɪn/	determinar, definir
enable verbo	/ɪˈneɪ.bəl/	habilitar, posibilitar
framework sustantivo	/ˈfɹeɪm.wɜːk/	entramado, armazón
interaction sustantivo	/ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/	interacción, interrelación
lifestyle sustantivo	/ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/	género/estilo de vida/vivir/vivencia, estilo/género vital/vivencial

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

Palabra	Significado
figure out verbo	averiguar, captar

Gramática en este vídeo

Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:

Estructura	En el vídeo
Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora	has made · has increased · has developed
Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace	can be taken · is determined · is delivered

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 5 contracciones y formas reducidas, como doesn't, we're, we've. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: promotion /pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/, prevention /pɹɪˈvɛnʃən/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn̩/
Palabras largas — cuida el acento: interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn̩/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como occur, aspect, promotion.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →

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