Pratique du Shadowing: All of Astronomy in 6 minutes - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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61 phrases
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Hello mortals.
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Are you here because you have an astronomy exam tomorrow and the only things you know are that the Milky Way and Mars are candy bars?
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Worry no more, as watching this video guarantees that you completely fail anything you’re supposed to be studying for right now.
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Astronomy. Astro – star, nomy - a specified area of knowledge, therefore, astronomy – a branch of science studying space and celestial objects.
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And then there is Astrology, where logy “denotes a subject of study or interest”.
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So what’s the difference between the two?
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Simply - the second is full of crap.
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It claims that the position of stars for some reason influences your mood.
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No Tiffany, that’s not an excuse for your bitchy attitude.
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In fact, there are quite a few words ending in -logy that are pseudosciences.
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If you see or hear them in a conversation, ignore it.
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This video is an exception.
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Back to real science.
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A branch of astronomy is cosmology – cosm from cosmos.
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It studies the origins of the universe, the Big Bang, and its future.
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The term “cosmonaut” however, has nothing to do with it.
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It’s just the soviet version of “astronaut”.
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And that shouldn’t be confused with the word “astronomer” – a scientist in the field of astronomy.
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Next up comes Astrophysics.
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And guess what it’s about.
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Yeap, the physical properties of stars, galaxies, planets, black holes and the rest of the circus.
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The line between astrophysics and astronomy is pretty blurry since scientists are the one that came up with those names, and we know how it goes.
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After this we have Observational Astronomy, which has further subdivisions that are concerned with, well, observation, but in different wavelengths.
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Radio astronomy studies cold objects such as gas clouds, the cosmic microwave background radiation and pulsars.
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Infrared astronomy usually concerns itself with objects colder than stars, such as planets.
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Optical astronomy uses the light the human eye can see, and thus can analyze chemical compositions of stars and galaxies.
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The last remaining branches study only the very energetic processes such as supernovas, magnetars, black holes and binary pulsars.
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Oh – I wonder what this is about.
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You guessed it, it’s the study of the abundance and reactions of molecules in the Universe.
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But don’t confuse it with cosmochemistry, that is mainly concerned with the objects contained within the Solar System.
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Through spectroscopy, astrochemists can infer the elemental abundances and temperatures of stars and interstellar clouds based on the absorption and emission of light from molecules and atoms.
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Astrobiology.
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It studies Schopenhauer’s take on the ethical significance of tragedy.
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Fine. It’s about aliens and the origin of life.
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Is it common in the universe?
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How could we detect it?
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Where could we find it?
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Should we even find it?
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Fun fact, this is a golden plaque that we have attached on the Pioneer 10 space probe, in case any alien finds it.
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This way, they know which way to send gifts for humanity.
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Another interesting concept is Panspermia – the hypothesis that life on Earth originated from microorganisms that arrived through asteroids and space dust from different planets.
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And now time for some fun facts.
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In 840AD the Emperor of Bavaria freaked out and died when he saw a sun eclipse for the first time.
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It takes 225 million years for our Solar System to travel around the galaxy – last time the sun was at the current position, the early dinosaurs just started appearing.
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Your anus spins tilted on its side, resulting in seasons lasting 42 Earth years.
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You already know how the universe is a crazy place.
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Literally larger and older than you can comprehend.
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And we barely scratched the surface of understanding it.
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But do you know what’s way easier to understand – how to build a website on today’s sponsor’s platform – Squarespace.
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The links can be found in the description, together with the link to my personal website.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « All of Astronomy in 6 minutes ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : astronomy, star, website, sciencephiletheai, squarespace. Cette vidéo contient 61 phrases et 797 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 5:45. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 139 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 78 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| astronomy nom | /əˈstɹɑ.nə.mi/ | astronomie |
| astrophysics nom | /ˌæs.tɹoʊˈfɪz.ɪks/ | astrophysique |
| pulsar nom | pulsar | |
| molecule nom | /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ | molécule |
| abundance nom | /əˈbʌn.dn̩s/ | abondance |
| astrobiology nom | astrobiologie | |
| astrochemist nom | astrochimiste | |
| astronomer nom | /əˈstɹɒn.ə.mə/ | astronome |
| blurry adjectif | /ˈblɜːɹi/ | flou |
| cosmochemistry nom | cosmochimie | |
| cosmology nom | /kɑzˈmɑləd͡ʒi/ | cosmologie |
| cosmonaut nom | /ˈkɑz.məˌnɔt/ | cosmonaute |
| denote verbe | /dɪˈnoʊt/ | dénoter, indiquer |
| interstellar adjectif | interstellaire, intersidéral | |
| magnetar nom | magnétar |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| get off verbe | descendre, faire descendre |
| come up with verbe | inventer, imaginer |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- How could we detect it?
- Where could we find it?
- Should we even find it?
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | have attached · you've missed |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | have is answered · can be found |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 4 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, shouldn't, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: wavelength /ˈweɪvˌlɛŋ(k)θ/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, ethical /ˈɛθɪkəl/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: subdivision /ˈsʌbdɪvɪʒən/, absorption /æbˈsɔɹp.ʃn̩/, emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: astronomy /əˈstɹɑ.nə.mi/, astrophysics /ˌæs.tɹoʊˈfɪz.ɪks/, astronomer /əˈstɹɒn.ə.mə/, cosmology /kɑzˈmɑləd͡ʒi/, elemental /(ˌ)ɛləˈmɛntəl/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: comprehend /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnd/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: cosmology /kɑzˈmɑləd͡ʒi/, originate /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪneɪt/, celestial /səˈlɛs.t͡ʃ(ə)l/, energetic /ˌɛn.əɹˈdʒɛt.ɪk/, attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: astronomy /əˈstɹɑ.nə.mi/, astrophysics /ˌæs.tɹoʊˈfɪz.ɪks/, astronomer /əˈstɹɒn.ə.mə/, blurry /ˈblɜːɹi/, microorganism /ˌmaɪ.kɹoʊˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.m̩/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme astronomy, astrophysics, pulsar.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.