Shadowing Practice: How Modern Data Teams Work (Engineer, Analyst, Scientist, Architect, ML) - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Alright, now first I would like you to understand the role of that data analyst.

So what is a data analyst?

Well, it is very simple.

You answer the business questions using data.

Think about yourself as a bridge between the raw data and the real business decisions.

So now I can say that I have joined like around seven data teams and projects.

And now I would like you to understand exactly what data analysts do in real companies.

So now it is a story time.

Let's go.

Okay, so now in companies in business, we have managers, stakeholders, project leads,

and their whole job is to make smart decisions by asking critical questions.

So for example, which region is underperforming?

Why are profits down?

And should we invest here?

So there are many challenges in the business and they need quick and smart decisions.

So now without using data, they are just guessing.

They rely on opinions, gut feelings, and many outdated informations left and right.

And there is famous quote from William Deming, I really like and use a lot.

Without data, you are just another person with an opinion.

So that means if your decision process is based on opinions, this has high chance to lead to confusion, wasted resources, and making bad decisions for the business.

I think that pretty much sums it up.

So now instead of guessing, they have to decide based on data.

So now in companies, the data are scattered everywhere.

Your data is stored in many different databases.

There are a lot of spreadsheets and maybe as well APIs that provides data.

So they are everywhere and the managers of course don't have the time

or the skills in order to dive into all those places.

So that's why they go and hire an expert specialist.

They hire the data analyst.

So think about it like you are a detective and you start gathering data from different sources.

So you go and query the different databases

and as well pull the data from the spreadsheets

and the different apis so you have to go

and get the data wherever they lives

so of course all those data are messy and you have to go

and clean and structure those data so maybe you're gonna go

and put the data everything in one spreadsheet like in excel

and you start doing a lot of stuff on the data

cleaning up the data organizing it doing a lot of calculations

transformations to get the data ready to answer the business question

now after you find something meaningful from the data you start turning the data into insights into a visual report

because it is way easier to communicate the result to the stack holders

and managers using visuals so that means once you are ready you go to the managers

and you start presenting the result as a story using the report

and visuals that you have prepared now the managers got facts

and this time they have answers to their questions using data

so now they are more confident and they make better

and smarter decisions for the business

so now we can see clearly what the data analyst does he

or she is the bridge between the raw data on the left side

and the business on the right side

and all what he is doing is answering the critical business questions using the raw data

and as well it is very clear which skills this analyst needs

so as we understood first you will be querying the databases in order to pull the data

and in order to talk to the data

and the databases you use sql or sometimes we call it SQL

and we have understood as well once you collect all the

data you will be using spreadsheet like Excel in order to clean, sort, filter and do calculations on the data

so they have to master Excel

and after analyzing the data using the spreadsheet you need data visualization skills using tools like maybe barbi

or tableau to create charts and clear visuals to be reported to the managers

and of course one very important skill

and crucial you must clearly understand the business questions from the managers

and communicate the results and the findings very effectively

so you have to master this skill you have to tell a story behind the data

so you need really very good communication skills so that means

if you master those skills you will be an amazing data analyst

that can help the company and the managers making the smart decisions

and now my friends we have an issue this might work for a small company

but it will not work for a modern big companies

and here's why now big companies generates big data

and it's gonna be really hard for the data analyst to manually extract the data for analyzers

because you're gonna need a lot of data

and your request gonna take like hours and even days to get the data

and it might crash and it's gonna be sometimes impossible to get the data

so it's gonna be for you as a data analyst really hard to answer any questions

and your process gonna take weeks until you give any answers

and And of course managers cannot wait for weeks in order to get like an answer.

So my friend, this approach will not work.

This is simply does not scale.

So now we have to go and scale things and hire new people.

Now a data architect, it's like an architect of a building.

You have to design the blueprint of a scalable data system.

And you have to go and organize the data into multiple layers.

Like for example, the Medellin architecture.

You have a bronze layer for the raw data.

And a silver layer for a clean data.

And a gold and very important layer for clean, structured and optimized data.

So all what the data architect is doing is designing this scalable data system.

So now as you can see, the data architect is designing this scalable data system.

But as usual, they are not the one that is building it.

For that, we need another expert.

And we call them the data engineers.

So now as a data engineer you're gonna go and build something called data pipelines Well, it's all about to connect to multiple source systems and start automatically

Moving the data from the sources to the new data system

and as well very important the data must move quickly

So the pipeline is gonna bring the data to the first

layer to the province layer as a raw data Nothing fancy

gonna happen here Then the data engineer gonna move the data to the server layer

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and there the data get cleaned structured and prepared for the final layer.

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Now in the final layer the data engineer can go

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and build a data model which is highly organized and optimized model

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that is perfectly made for quick analyzes and we have with

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that a process that runs automatically from the source systems until the final layer

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and this runs every day very fast and in some scenarios as a stream like a real life data.

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So remember now our data analyst friend so now thanks to the data architect

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and the data engineer analyst's life now is way easier no

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more nightmare of pulling the data manually from the source system no need anymore for the spreadsheets

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and the excel lists now everything is prepared for the data analyst to be fast

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so now again as a data analyst once you get a question from the business you can go quickly

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and straight away to the GodLayer where everything is prepared.

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And now using SQL, you will be querying the data model in the GodLayer in order to explore

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and try to find answers for the question.

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So once you find it, you will go and build again like a visual report and tell a story for the managers.

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And with this setup, you only focus on what matters when finding answers for the business.

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And this can speed the whole process for you and you will be ready to answer quickly the questions.

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Now I'm really sorry we are not done yet.

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There is still an issue in this story now all

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that you are doing here as a data analyst is

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that You are answering ad hoc questions

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and your answers are always like one -time reports

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But what can happen for sure is

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that one of your reports can deliver really an incredible value

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And it is not just useful for once

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and only for the managers Many people across the company can be interested in this report

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So you can have a new user groups that can ask you one question I want your report every day.

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No, God, please, no, no!

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And the nightmare gonna come back, where you have every day to run the same query and generate the same reports.

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And you're gonna daily send this report to the users.

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And this is gonna be total waste of your time and gonna build huge stress on you.

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And that's why companies gonna bring another person to the data team.

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And this time we're gonna have the Business Intelligence Developer or BI Developer.

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So once the BI developer joins you as a data is gonna say hey go

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and automate this report and make it visible for Many users

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so first the BI developer gonna build an environment like a server where the dashboards

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and reports can live This must be secure

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and has an access management Sometimes you cannot give all the data for everyone in the company

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and as well this server must be accessible 24 -7

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so the report and dashboard must be always available

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So once the reporting server is there the bi developer can take everything the report

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and the logic and built from it something called Interactive dashboards

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and what is very important this dashboard gonna be automatically Connected to the gold layer to the data model

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So that's every day and this is important the dashboard

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and the reports can I get fresh data from the data system from the gold layer?

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And once everything is live the user is gonna go

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and start requesting access to the reports and start accessing the dashboards

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and the data everything is highly automated and scalable

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so the data gonna flow from the sources into the different layers of our data system

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and as well automatically flowing to the reporting server

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and refreshing the data there so this is the big differences between the data analyst

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and the bi developer data analyst is the one

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that is bringing the first report and insights and once a visual

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or a report gets very important the bi My developer is the one that is responsible of making this report accessible,

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scalable and every day available for many users.

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Now so far we have held the business and the managers with questions that are about the past and the present.

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What happened?

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How much did we sell?

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Why did sales drop?

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But at some point the managers can ask bigger questions.

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Questions about the future what will happen next month?

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Can we predict which customers might leave us?

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What can happen if we change our pricing strategy?

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So they are advanced questions about the future

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and to be honest the data analysts don't have the tools in order to answer them

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and for that we need another expert called the data scientist.

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This is Sheldor the conqueror we are about to enter Atsul's fortress.

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The data scientist is the one that can use the data in order to build and train models.

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They gonna do a lot of experiments

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so at the end the scientists gonna use this model in order to give answers for the future so with

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that the managers are not just informed they are as well

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prepared for the future they are proactively making decisions they stay ahead of the competition

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and as well they tackle challenges before they even appear now

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this type of work is very important thing not only for the managers

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and projects leads this is important for everyone else now this

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model this work from the data scientist must be visible for other users

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and this is the same thing that happens before right with the bi developer

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but now we need another type we have the machine learning developer ml developer

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so now what they're gonna do they're gonna as well prepare a server

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and environments to run and deploy the model from the data scientist

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so they're gonna go and put it in productive environments

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and everything gonna be now automatically secure scalable and available 24 7

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and the result of this model could be presented in like

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an application to show the result of their predictions for everyone

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or as well sometimes they show it in dashboards and reports

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so their job is to make the result of this model available in many services at the company

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and accessible by other users and build by the ML engineer

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and with that everyone from the managers who teams across the company benefits from advanced predictions every day and anytime

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so now by looking to this everything is highly automated the

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data can flow from the sources to the data system

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and then flows to the reports and dashboards

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and as well automatically flow to our model

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that is trained from the data analyst and built from the ml engineer

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so this is what a modern big company built they build scalable data system now

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if you look to this you can see there is a

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pattern you can see the data architect is working closely to

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the data engineer to build the data system the data analyst

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works as well closely to the bi developer in order to build this reporting system

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and the data scientist together with the ml engineer they work on building an advanced analytical system

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and there is actually another pattern you can see in those

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roles there is always somebody is like doing a design like the data architect is like designing the data system

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and the data analyst is like building the first version of

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the reports same thing for the data scientist he is the one

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that is experimenting and training the first version of the model

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so those one are always like trying to discover trying to put the blueprint

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and now in the other side we have the other category you have the persons

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that are building it bringing it to a productive scalable environment

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and making things live like the data engineer is the one

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that builds the data pipelines and this data system The PI developer is bringing their reports

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and dashboards into scalable and productive

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Reporting system and the machine learning engineer is the one

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that is bringing the model and deploy it into a productive system And offering the results in different services.

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So they are the engineers.

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They are the developers So this is what a real modern data team looks like All right, my friends one more last thing

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if you really enjoyed this type of tutorials where it's free

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and as well I sketch those complex concepts

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and you want more content like this then support the channel

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by subscribing liking commenting this can really help with the algorithm

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and can support the channel by reaching others like you

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and as well it can help me to make more content like this

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and of course thank you so much for watching and I will see you in the next video

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המלץ על סרטון

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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson

This video has 220 sentences and 2644 words to shadow. The speech runs for 13:50. The speaker talks fast, about 191 words per minute, so expect linked and reduced sounds. 87% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is easy to follow.

Key vocabulary in this video

15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:

Word	Pronunciation	Meaning
analyst noun	/ˈænəlɪst/	Someone who analyzes.
layer noun	/ˈleɪ̯ɚ/	A single thickness of some material covering a surface.
developer noun	/dɪˈvɛləpɚ/	A person or entity engaged in the creation or improvement of certain classes of products.
skill noun	/skɪl/	A capacity to do something well; a technique, an ability, usually acquired or learned, as opposed to abilities that are regarded as innate.
scientist noun	/ˈsaɪəntəst/	One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
architect noun	/ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/	A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction.
server noun	/ˈsɝvɚ/	A program that provides services to other programs or devices, either in the same computer or over a computer network.
database noun	/ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/	A collection of (usually) organized information in a regular structure, usually but not necessarily in a machine-readable format accessible by a computer.
productive adjective	/pɹəˈdʌk.tɪv/	Capable of producing something, especially in abundance; fertile.
excel verb	/ɪkˈsɛl/	To surpass someone or something; to be better or do better than someone or something.
query noun	/ˈkwɪɹ.i/	A question, an inquiry (US), an enquiry (UK).
hire verb	/ˈhaɪɹ/	To obtain the services of in return for fixed payment.
accessible adjective	/əkˈsɛs.ɪ.bəl/	Easy of access or approach.
pipeline noun	/ˈpaɪpˌlaɪn/	A conduit made of pipes used to convey water, gas or petroleum, etc.
organize verb	/ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/	To arrange in working order.

Phrasal verbs you will hear

Word	Meaning
clean up verb	To make an area or a thing clean; to pick up a mess; to tidy.
come back verb	To return to a place.

דקדוק בסרטון הזה

המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:

מבנה	בסרטון
סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה	is based · are scattered · is stored
הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו	have joined · have prepared · have understood
משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר	one that is · model which is · one that can

Pronunciation to watch

The speaker uses 39 contractions and reduced forms, such as gonna, you're, they're. Say them the short way, as you hear them.

The “th” sounds: gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/
The “sh” and “zh” sounds: prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/, calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, specialist /ˈspɛʃəlɪst/, transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/
Long words — get the stress right: developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, accessible /əkˈsɛs.ɪ.bəl/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, manually /ˈmænj(u)əliː/

How to practise with this video

Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
Start at 0.75× speed, shadow it sentence by sentence, then go back to normal speed once it feels easy.
Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like analyst, layer, developer.

מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?

שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.

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