Shadowing Practice: How young is too young for criminal responsibility? | A Current Affair - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.
132 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
1
Bad behaviour has consequences.
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Now that's a simple discipline that helps parents raise good kids and of course it also sends criminals to jail.
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But children as young as 10 are falling through the cracks, trashing property and terrorising people because they're untouchable and it may become even harder to punish them.
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It's a destructive shopping centre rampage, the kind of damage normally inflicted by a car in a ram raid.
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But it's an out of control child causing this chaos.
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Bystanders and authorities cautiously go toe to toe with the boy
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and astoundingly the 12 year old appears to have the upper hand.
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Here he hurls a shard of glass at the woman filming the footage.
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I was traumatised.
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Absolutely.
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The boy's teenage friends join in, using a trolley to smash more glass.
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Jenny Fenwick was the frightened shopper behind the camera.
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Dumbfounded to tell you the truth.
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I'm like what the hell's going on here?
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Why don't the The security guard stopped them and then I learned later that they're not allowed to touch them.
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There needs to be consequences.
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I definitely want better discipline for these kids.
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I want them to be charged.
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In our major capital cities, homes and retailers are increasingly being targeted by child vandals and thieves.
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Oh, God.
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That is my pot plant.
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I put succulents in that.
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Ooh, they're banging on the glass.
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Organised balls are being held in shopping centre car parks
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and brazen apparent shoplifting is being filmed by the young alleged perpetrators and uploaded to social media.
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Are you causing problems around here?
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Obviously.
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Obviously?
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What do you mean?
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Oh, just doing this that.
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But there could soon be even fewer consequences for delinquent children.
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You may not know it, but there's a quiet nationwide push to raise the age of criminal responsibility from 10 to 16.
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Under the changes, it's likely offenders younger than 16 would automatically not be prosecuted.
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Tonight we have the debate.
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Is it a good idea and is it in the best interest for the children involved and their victims?
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Our laws are currently so outdated
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that children who aren't old enough to have a Facebook account are old enough to be sent to prison.
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One of the people we forget in all this debate, and they're always forgotten, what about the victims?
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What about the victims?
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Security cameras are rolling at this Western Sydney home, but these kids don't care.
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Watch as one of the children bangs on the door to see if anyone's inside.
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And the other two are very close to our door.
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The security door.
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The sensor light has gone off.
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They come in.
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As the family cowers in the home, the boys attempt to smash their way through the front door.
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No luck and they're out of ideas, but intent on causing damage.
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They turn their attention to the car in the driveway.
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In an act of mindless vandalism, they throw a pot plant at the vehicle's windscreen, smashing it.
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Ooh!
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See, I just repaired that car and see what they are doing to it.
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Then, one of the boys throws a statue at the vehicle.
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My figurine.
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Yeah.
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He picks up something from the garden and hurls it at another car parked out the front
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as his mate throws a glass bottle at the other vehicle.
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They appear to leave, but the destruction is not over.
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They come back.
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Watch as the young teenager chugs from a glass bottle before using it to smash one of the car's rear windows.
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Well, I'd say they would be 14, 15-year-olds, or maybe 16.
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The following morning, homeowners Harry and Elizabeth inspect the damage.
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Tonight, I'm not going to stay here.
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We haven't done anything wrong.
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I don't know why we are targeted.
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The February attack was the second time their home had been vandalised.
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The couple say they've been receiving next to no assistance from police
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and they're now too frightened to sleep at the Blacktown property, instead choosing to stay with family in Baulkham Hills.
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We give consequences to our children when they misbehave.
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So these kids do things like adults, they should also reap the consequences of their bad behaviour.
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ACA obtained all of this exclusive footage over the course of several months as part of our investigation.
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CCTV from this property in the Melbourne suburb of Cranbourne shows a confrontation between a young masked teenager and the adult homeowner.
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He chases the teen from the property but the boy returns with his scooter.
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Later a teenager is filmed smashing the man's letterbox.
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Brisbane mum Melissa Royal from Victoria Point says her family is repeatedly being targeted by a large group of delinquent children.
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They have threatened to stab my children.
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They have set fires in the street.
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They've graffitied vehicles.
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We're stuck.
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We don't know what to do.
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Here you can see some of the youths attempt to kick in Melissa's fence.
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It's absolutely like they're adults.
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You know, if I went out and kicked somebody's fence or threatened to stab them, I'd be in jail.
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But it's not just homes.
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Kid crooks are increasingly causing chaos at the nation's shopping centres too.
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The cop has come there and said we wouldn't even ask a question.
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Jenny drives all over Darwin to avoid going to Palmerston Shopping Centre where the 12-year-old boy lost control after consuming alcohol.
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This isn't the only occurrence.
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This is the only one that I have on tape.
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There's a couple of shop owners that have been sleeping in their shops
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because all the police have said to them is that they need to beef up their own security.
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Fuck, not so tough, how are ya?
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The 12 year old was eventually restrained and led away but was later released.
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In Victoria Geelong shopping strips are considered youth crime hotspots.
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Like where else are they going to hang out?
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There's no other real fun places in Geelong.
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Shouldn't you be at school?
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No, I don't need to go to school.
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You look like you're of school age.
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I'm too smart for school.
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Too smart for school.
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Especially around town, like, there's places where I don't feel as safe.
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This Geelong teenager filmed himself drinking on the streets.
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He and a friend keep the camera rolling as they enter an office work store.
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Gotta put the bourbon away.
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What follows appears to be a shoplifting spree and they later upload the video to social media.
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They don't seem to be afraid of breaking the law nowadays, they know that nothing will happen.
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A youth crime wave at Melbourne's Fountain Gate shopping centre has triggered calls for more security.
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Westfield worker Kessa tells ACA the constant theft at her store is driving customers away.
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100% it's affecting our sales quite a lot.
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The other day there was a fight here, some chick got jumped by some Sudanese people.
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This teenager says shoppers shouldn't be frightened of the young people who congregate at the centre.
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Some of them have calmed down a bit, some of them used to steal some cars, like do home invasions, I don't know, but they're all done with that stuff, they're growing up.
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Ideally I want to see them punished, you know, you've done a crime, you need to get punished for it.
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You've seen the issue, heard from the victims, but what about the consequences?
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Right now the age of criminal responsibility in Australia is 10 years old, but the country's top lawmakers,
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including Federal Attorney General Christian Porter, are currently considering whether that age should be raised to as old as 16.
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Doctors are clear that when it comes to children who are under the age of 14, their brain has not developed enough to the point that they should be held criminally responsible.
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The kids of today, with their exposure to social media, have much greater understanding of what is right
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and wrong at a much younger age than what perhaps my generation and some that follow behind have.
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The Human Rights Law Centre's Ruth Barson is going head to head with former Victoria Police Inspector Ivan Ray.
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The argument that comes out all the time we hear is don't send young people to jail, you'll only make them worse.
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Worse than what?
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For goodness sake.
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Recent reporting from the ABC revealed dozens of children, some as young as 10,
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are being held in the high-security Brisbane watch house near pedophiles and drug addicts because Queensland's youth detention centres are full.
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What we know is that right now, every year in Australia, 600 children under the age of 14 are locked up behind bars
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and around 10,000 children are prosecuted by the police, hauled before the courts and sentenced.
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It's only something like 1% or 1.5% or something that actually end up in jail.
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And there are sometimes really good reasons as to why they should.
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Ten-year-olds should be in classrooms and playgrounds.
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They shouldn't be in prison cells.
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The investigation into raising the age of criminal responsibility is expected to wrap up by the end of the year.
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B2 מבוסס על הסרטון “How young is too young for criminal responsibility?”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: centre, consequences, shopping, kid, security. בסרטון הזה יש 132 משפטים ו-1508 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 10:24. הדובר שומר על קצב יציב של כ-145 מילים בדקה, קצב נוח לתרגול Shadowing. 82% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית; כדאי ללמוד את השאר לפני שמתחילים.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| consequence שם עצם | /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwəns/ | תּוֹצָאָה, הַשְׁלָכָה |
| teenager שם עצם | /ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/ | נַעַר |
| punish פועל | /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ | הֶעֱנִישׁ |
| homeowner שם עצם | בַּעַל בַּיִת | |
| threaten פועל | /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/ | איים |
| succulent שם תואר | /ˈsʌkjələnt/ | בשרני |
| vandalism שם עצם | /ˈvændəlɪzm̩/ | ונדליזם |
| scooter שם עצם | /ˈskuːtə(ɹ)/ | קוֹרְקִינֵט, גלגיליים |
| addict שם עצם | /ˈæd.ɪkt/ | מָכוּר |
| confrontation שם עצם | /ˌkɑn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/ | עִמּוּת \ עימות |
| occurrence שם עצם | /əˈkɜɹ.əns/ | מקרה |
| playground שם עצם | /ˈpleɪɡɹaʊnd/ | גן שעשועים, מגרש משחקים |
| suburb שם עצם | /ˈsʌbɝb/ | פַּרבָּר, פַּרוָר |
| thief שם עצם | /ˈθiːf/ | גַּנָּב |
| consume פועל | /kənˈsum/ | צרך |
Phrasal verbs שתשמעו
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| calm down פועל | נרגע | |
| come back פועל | שָׁב | |
| come out פועל | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | יָצָא |
| go out פועל | יָצָא | |
| grow up פועל | גָּדַל | |
| pick up פועל | הרים, אסף |
משפטים שכדאי לחזור עליהם
משפטים קצרים ושלמים מהסרטון שאפשר להשתמש בהם בשיחה יומיומית:
- Are you causing problems around here?
- What do you mean?
- Tonight, I'm not going to stay here.
- We haven't done anything wrong.
- Shouldn't you be at school?
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| הווה מושלם ממושך (Present perfect continuous) have/has been + -ing — פעולה שהתחילה בעבר ועדיין נמשכת עכשיו | they've been receiving · have been sleeping |
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | has gone · haven't done · have threatened |
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | was traumatised · be charged · being targeted |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | children who aren · people who congregate · children who are |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-38 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו don't, they're, I'm. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “th”: threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, thief /ˈθiːf/, theft /θɛft/
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: smash /smæʃ/, punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/, shopper /ˈʃɑ.pɚ/, cautiously /ˈkɔːʃəsli/, confrontation /ˌkɑn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: perpetrator /ˈpɜː(ɹ).pɪˌtɹeɪt.ə(ɹ)/, untouchable /ʌnˈtʌtʃəbəl/, confrontation /ˌkɑn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/, ideally /aɪˈdi.ə.li/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /w/ — שפתיים מעוגלות, לא /v/: consequence /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwəns/, windscreen /ˈwɪn(d).skɹiːn/, driveway /ˈdɹaɪvˌweɪ/, nationwide /ˌneɪ.ʃənˈwaɪd/
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: smash /smæʃ/, bystander /ˈbaɪˌstænd.ə(ɹ)/, rampage /ˈɹæmpeɪd͡ʒ/, vandal /ˈvændəl/, vandalise /ˈvændəlaɪz/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: frighten /ˈfɹaɪ.tən/, prosecute /ˈpɹɒsɪkjuːt/, threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, brazen /ˈbɹeɪ̯zən/, bystander /ˈbaɪˌstænd.ə(ɹ)/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט במהירות רגילה, וחזרו על כל משפט עד שהקצב שלכם תואם את הדובר.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו consequence, teenager, punish.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.